Kumbuyo asilikali: The nkhani ya dzina. Wotchuka Russian kumbuyo asilikali

Ambiri masiku ano Russian tithe asilikali anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, ndi mapangidwe asilikali woyamba nthawi zonse. Zambiri za ubwino wa chilengedwe cha asilikali wogwirizana ndi zikamera wa ufumu okhwima a maudindo asilikali wa wokonzanso chachikulu - Mfumu Peter I.

Kumbuyo asilikali - udindo litakhazi- chikugwirizana ndi mbiri ya mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha Russian apanyanja. Monga waoneka, kodi ntchito anachita kapitawo panyanja, atavala udindo asilikali - ichi adzakhala m'nkhani wathu.

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka ya dzina

Pa chikhalidwe cha Russian Navy ndi Ankhondo analibe utsogoleri wogwirizana ndi umamumvera m'madipatimenti awiri osiyana. Bulu anatsogolera nkhondo yoyamba Admiralty Board (XVIII atumwi), ndipo mu XIX atumwi, Utumiki Naval. Zombo Russian anali yake, osiyana ochokera m'mayiko ena, kachitidwe ka mabungwe mabungwe a asilikali.

M'mayiko European, wapamwamba asilikali udindo mu Navy anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XVII, ndipo mu Russia patapita zaka. Awa anali: asilikali, amene anathamanga mphamvu zazikulu za zombo, ndi wotsatila asilikali, amene ali ndi mlingo m'munsi mwa utsogoleri wolowezana wa asilikali, ndipo kumbuyo asilikali - otsika a maudindo mu Navy utsogoleri. Kawirikawiri, analamula rearguard.

maudindo awa m'malo chakale asilikali (mtsogoleri zombo ku Greece) ndi droungarios (mutu wa ufumu Byzantine zombo).

Peter Ine ndi Table a maudindo

Mutu wa "kumbuyo asilikali" amachokera ku Netherlands. Peter Ine, kuyendera Amsterdam, osati ndinaphumzira m'mene kumanga ngalawa, komanso anatola dongosolo European wa asilikali tithe panyanja. Manambala oyambirira contra zinatanthauza kuti nkhondo natsogozedwa ndi asilikali a zombo, ndi kumbuyo asilikali anatenga malo kumbuyo.

Ena nthawi m'zaka XVIII mutu linasinthidwa kukhala waudindo Schout-bij-nacht, koma ndiye izo kachiwiri anabwerera.

Mu Russia, monga Peter Wamkulu analenga tebulo la mabungwe ndi udindo wa kumbuyo asilikali mu machesi Army Major General. Masiku ano ndi admiralty chachikulu awonongedwa m'magulu ambiri adziko lapansi.

Tsopano Navy kumbuyo asilikali akhoza lamulo squadron kapena kukhala kazembe mkulu wa flotilla lapansi.

Mu USSR Mulingo wa kumbuyo asilikali unakhazikitsidwa mu 1940.

decals

Zizindikiro zazikulu kusiyana admirals kwa nthawi yaitali chiwerengero cha mabatani pa cuffs wa yunifolomu wake.

Kumbuyo asilikali ankavala pa batani chimodzi, kenako zonse zinali pa likutukuka: ndi wachiwiri-asilikali awiri, ndipo wa asilikali - atatu.

Kukongoletsa, ndipo pamodzi ndi zipsera za kusiyana anali n'kupanga tepi ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti apite diagonally yunifolomu. Gold nsalu pa cuffs ndi kolala komanso limasiyanitsa pakati pa mutu wa alonda panyanja.

Kenako mu 1807, mu mawonekedwe a mabaji kuyamba epaulets ndi golide ndi siliva mitolo zopotoka.

Pambuyo utasintha ndi pa Civil nkhondo, kanali ndi mawonekedwe a Army ndiponso yapamadzi kuti wasintha nthawi zambiri. Yamawangamawanga anali ntchito mavavu ndi mikwingwirima ndi mangongo.

Modern kanali - kanali - pali nkhondo mu 1943. Pa nthawi yomweyo inayambitsa mawu "wapolisiyo."

Wotchuka Russian kumbuyo asilikali

Apadera Russian panyanja mkulu anali Vladimir Ivanovich Istomin.

Pa Crimea nkhondo, anadziwika mu Nkhondo ya Sinop, pansi pa lamulo la wotchuka asilikali Nakhimov. Pakuti mtima analandira udindo wa kumbuyo asilikali. Pamodzi ndi Kornilov ndi Nakhimov anali mmodzi wa atsogoleri a chitetezo katundu wa Sevastopol. Pa chitetezo cha mzindawo sanadzisiyira malo kudzitchinjiriza ndipo anakhala kumeneko mu pa bwato la. Iye anaphedwa pa shelling, ndipo anamuika crypt ndi zokometsera zina zozizwitsa za mzinda.

Kuyambira Sevastopol chikugwirizana ndi dzina la wina wanzeru kumbuyo asilikali - Mikhail Nikolayevich Kumani. Ya msilikali nawo chitetezo cha Sevastopol pa Crimea nkhondo. Iye anatumikira mu nyanja ya Baltic, Nyanja Caspian ndi Pacific Ocean. Iye analimbikitsa kumbuyo asilikali ndipo posakhalitsa anaikidwa mfumu ya mzinda wa kwawo wa Sevastopol. Mu udindo uwu Kumani kanthawi pang'ono kuphedwa, ankatha kuchita kwambiri: inatha Primorsky Boulevard, zochokera yatchi kalabu, anatsegula malo okhala kwa anthu olumala, anamanganso Cathedral wa St. Peter ndi Paulo, anali lowonongeka pa chitetezo, izo anayamba kufalitsa nyuzipepala m'dera ..

Akazi Navy

The kugonana ofooka wachita kale kukhala wochitachita mu nkhondo. M'magulu ano asilikali wamkazi - ndithu wamba. Koma tisaiwale kuti apamwamba lotani osowa. Choncho, limadziwika chitsanzo cha American Grays Hopper, amene anali atauka kuti udindo wa US Navy kumbuyo asilikali.

Komanso, iye anali wasayansi kwambiri mu kukula kwa zinenero mapulogalamu. Kwayekha, iye adapereka chidandaulo pa zaka 79 ndipo analipo pa nthawi imeneyo kwambiri mkulu US panyanja kapitawo.

Iwo chikutchedwa ambiri zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Dzina Grays Hopper ndi msewu, malo, nyumba. Patapita zaka 4 pambuyo anasiya dziko lino, madzi adatchithisira latsopano chida frigate "Hopper", dzina lake pambuyo "chisomo chodabwitsa." Chitsanzo cha mkazi uyu chodabwitsa chikusonyeza kuti anthu osati angathe kutumikira Navy ndi kukwaniritsa tithe mkulu ndi ulemu.