Poteteza Sevastopol

Mu 1853, nkhondo ya pakati Russia ndi Turkey analengeza. Woyamba wa November chaka chomwecho Russia amapereka kanthu ndi kulengeza nkhondo pa Turkey.

Chiyambi cha nkhondoyi wopambana mbali Russian. Pa Danube Theatre wa asilikali Russian bwinobwino amaipidwa ndi kukana la Turkey, ndiye anawoloka Danube ndipo anazungulira wa mpanda wolimba wa Silistra. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Caucasus izo anagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali Turkey.

ogwirizana Turkey anali France ndi England. limati Awa ndi mantha kulimbitsa chikoka Russian, kotero March 1 ogwirizana ndi kuika patsogolo chofunika kuti mphamvu Russian anali kuti awatenge ku maukulu Danubian. Russia wakana, kenako France ndi England kulengeza nkhondo pa iye. Chochitika chachikulu zinachititsa kuti Crimea nkhondo - chitetezo cha Sevastopol - zimachokera apa.

Mu 1854, linali ndi zithunzi za zombo British mu Nyanja Baltic ndi Nyanja White ndipo tidakocheza ku Crimea. September 12, zikwizikwi za asilikali Anglo-French anafika ku Crimea ndi kupita ku Sevastopol.

asilikali Choyamba anakumana pa September 8 pafupi Alma mtsinje. Apa Russian asilikali, kumbuyo mdani mu manambala, anagonjetsedwa ndipo anayenera abwerere. M'dani anabwera kwa Sevastopol ndi anyalanyaza mzinda kuchokera kummawa, anatenga malo omasuka. Kugonjetsedwa ndi chitetezo cha Sevastopol.

Kumenyana Start

Kuteteza Sevastopol unatenga masiku 349. Sevastopol unali mzinda bwino zokhalamo panyanja, chifukwa pali zachokera Black Sea zombo. Koma kwa chitetezo m'dziko pafupifupi kumeneko. Mu 1854, iwo anayamba kukhala inaimika. Kuteteza Sevastopol unapangidwa bungwe ndi asilikali P. S. Nahimovym, VA Kornilov V. I. Istominym.

Anglo-French zombo oletsedwa mzinda ndi nyanja. Pakuti intercepting njira ya ngalawa mdani izo chatsimikizidwa za likumira ngalawa tinsombato. Kenako Amira zisanu.

Pamene chitetezo cha Sevastopol anayamba, mzindawo unali mudzi wa asilikali a anthu 17 sauzande. Mu October, Kalonga anafika Sevastopol asilikali A. S. Menshikova. Kuteteza mumzindawo tsopano anthu 35 sauzande.

Kumenyana Sitiroko

amaikira kumbuyo kwa mzindawo - zikwi asilikali ndi amalinyero, anthu a mzinda, akazi ndi ana - analenga 8 Km za malinga, amene n'cholinga chofuna kuteteza kum'mwera kwa mzinda. Apa anaikidwa bastions, lunettes, redoubts, lodgements. Crimea nkhondo, chitetezo cha anthu Sevastopol anakakamizika kupereka zonse zomwe iwo ali nazo: ngolo, zipangizo akavalo. Kulimbikitsa ntchito sanaime ngakhale usiku. October 16 mzinda kale 20 mabatire kawiri zida lolemera. Engineering Guide chitetezo kugona pa msilikali EI Totleben. m'malire Land akutetezedwa zida zankhondo m'madzi ku zombo za Black Sea zombo. Kuteteza Sevastopol mu 1854 anapitiriza.

Zichitike kuukira mzinda disadvantageous kwa mdani. Pa kuzinga Sevastopol nthawi sikisi bomba. June 6 pofuna Sitima chipani kumenya anapangidwa, koma amanyansidwa ndi zokometsera mumzindawo.

Pofuna kuwononga chitetezo mdani Sebastopol anakumba mamita 1280 ngalande kumene opangidwa 120 mabomba. Koma zokometsera mumzinda patsogolo pa otsutsa nkhondo mgodi: iwo anakumba mamita 6889 tambirimbiri. nkhondo wanga kunachitidwa kuyang'aniridwa ndi mkulu wa A. V. Melnikova.

The wamagazi ndi owawa kulimbana yolimbirana Malakoff. August 27, 1855, ku French wotanganidwa malo, ndipo tsiku lotsatira, asilikali a Russia anasiya kum'mwera kwa Sevastopol. Anaomba mpaka chitetezo ndiye anakoka mlatho akuyandama kudutsa Bay, yemwe anamanga pa msonkhano, kumbali ya kumpoto. Chifukwa cha zimene adani anali olekanitsidwa ndi a Sevastopol Bay.

Mu 1856, nkhani inachitika. Malinga ndi pangano mtendere, zombo Russian mu Nyanja Black, komanso malinga asilikali anali lithe. Patadutsa zaka makumi awiri, Sevastopol ndi ikuchepa.