Local Order: ntchito, udindo wa boma mu zaka XVI-XVII.

Mu 16-17 zaka TH. bwino kwa ife lero mautumiki ndi m'madipatimenti kulibe. Analogs anali madongosolo. Mbali awo anali chakuti iwo toyalana ndi mzake, anali asanamvetsetse ntchito ya malamulo enieni. Nthawi zina kusiya zochimwazo kumathetsa mavuto kunali kosatheka. Koma pakati pawo panali Order Local.

Ndi za ntchito zake ndi mbali ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Local Order: Ntchito

Kotero izo zinali kwa anthu ofuna? Local Order mu zaka 16-17., Kapena manorial kanyumba panthawi ina, anali ndi pakati penipeni pa kayendetsedwe wa Moscow State. Zinali achiwiri kukula pambuyo manambala Office. Ngati otsiriza ankagawa posts kiyi ndi maudindo, ndi Local Order asaaonerera m'dera ndi patrimonial zemlevladeniem.Chtoby kumvetsa kufunika ake enieni, ife titembenukira kwa mfundo chifungulo cha dziko amagwiritsa.

ndi patrimony Kodi

Mu 16-17 zaka TH. Moscovia anali limodzi centralized boma. Komabe, njira imeneyi inali yaitali kwambiri. Izi zisanachitike, mu Russia pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa ntchito m'dziko - patrimony. M'chizungumo, "bambo ake." Tiyeni tifananize pano "tsatanetsatane atate" - mawu ndi muzu wamba.

Barony - cholowa amene anapatsidwa mwana wamwamuna. mwambo anali wamphamvu kwambiri moti ankaona ufulu wopatulika. Ngakhale pamene palibe munthu anakhoza kuganizira wogonjetsa mayiko mdani kutenga dziko lochokera kwa eni. boma, mu maganizo athu a mawu, musati ayenerere izo. Mwini wa dziko amenewa amatchedwa Boyar. Zinali mutu apamwamba mu dziko lathu ku chikhalidwe cha maphunziro kukonza a Peter Wamkulu, T. E. A zaka chikwi mwambo. Nkhani ina likhale ichi chinali chomwe Ambuye nawo ndi dziko lawo ndi boma lililonse, kupanga mtundu wa enclave. Tiyeni tione nkhani kumene, kuti, mwini wa dziko dera Novosibirsk wasankha kulowa United States kapena France. Ndi malamulo a zaka 15-16th. zinali zotheka kwambiri. Choncho, Moscow anakoka kumbali pafupifupi boyars wa Ryazan, atacita dziko lino m'mafanizidwe a donati a. akalonga Ryazan analibe chochita, mmene kulowa Moscow ukulu.

ndi malo Kodi

Manor - izi ndi mtundu mwapadera umwini. Mwenechiroache mundu - si mbuye ndi fuko lomveka.

Ali ngati utumiki boma asilikali. Pakuti ichi, ndipo icho chinafika m'dzikolo. Ngati kalonga sanali izi kapena kuti mbuye, iye bwinobwino kutenga dziko lake. Kusiyana lofunika minda ya.

Ntchito ya Order Local

Pamaziko mfundo ntchito dziko, tinganene kodi nyimbo ndi Order Local:

• Kufalitsa zigawo.
• Umboni wa umwini.

yogawa zigawo

Ngakhale sazidziwa bwinobwino m'dzikoli mukhoza kumvetsa mphamvu anasangalala boma amene anaika lapansi. Kalonga wa Moscow, ndi chiyambi cha ulamuliro wa Tsar Ivana Groznogo, monga ulamuliro, si kuonetsetsa zidutswa za dziko asilikali ake m'tsogolo.

Ufulu umwini anapereka kumaliseche, koma Local Order - dongosolo kuti akhoza limanenedwa ngati dziko yabwino ndi madambo. Ku dipatimenti imeneyi ankadalira kwambiri tsogolo la munthu. Oddly zokwanira, koma ziphuphu ndi ziphuphu ankaimba zazing'ono mbali yogawa. Ndalamazo basi osafunika m'dziko ang'onoang'ono, amene anadyetsedwa ulimi. Wofunika kwambiri chinali chiyambi, b. Ngati njonda anachokera ku wolemekezeka mabanja boyar, iye akuyamba aliyense bwino anayikidwa. Pakuti "akapolo", mwachitsanzo. E. amtundu osauka, wofunika kwambiri "zoipa" ziwembu.

Umboni wa umwini

16-17 TH zaka. Moscow boma wachita njira yovuta centralization. Kugawikana, nkhondo zonse, kusintha kwa ukulu wina ndi mzake analenga mavuto ambiri mwa boyars lapansi. zigawo zawo zinali zina n'zosatheka kulembamo. Local Order zilipo buku lomwe anali kugwiritsa ntchito mafumu dziko. Komabe, kusintha kwa eni logwirizana kumaonjezera mavuto malamulo. Osati deta onse ochokera m'mayiko onse kubwera ku ofesi imodzi. Choncho boyars anali obbivat yaitali doorsteps ndi Order Local. Ena asamukira udindo wa "Ankhondo", mwachitsanzo. E. Obezzemelivshih boyars, amene makolo kamodzi anali nayo minda, mitunda. Ambiri a iwo chibatizidwireni amazikonda anthu otchuka.

Padziko, ndithudi, iwo anapatsidwa, koma panalibe katundu yaitali, ndi kulipira utumiki.

Ndithudi, kunali kofunika kwambiri kuti kumaliseche. Ndipo Iye anaika zigawo ndi minda, koma chinkhoswe mu woyeza ndi Local.

Kenako, udindo wa mabungwe kuchuluka. Kuwonjezera ntchito miyambo ndi Ofesi ya yachokera pa dongosolo manambala, ntchito zake zidakhala monga kutolera misonkho onse ndi ntchito za m'dziko, kalembera ndi dziko yoyeza, komanso ya kulemba anthu usilikali kuti asilikali.

mphamvu

Local Order - ndi dipatimenti wachiwiri kukula, monga tanenera. Anthu "msewu" izo sanatenge. Pa mutu wa kuti anali wa m'banja lachifumu amene, monga ulamuliro, anali membala wa Duma. Nthawi zina m'malo mwa kalaliki wa bungwe, kumene mfundo anali ofanana. Iye anali wothandizira kalaliki awiri ndi 200 antchito - clerks. Ndi kukula kwa ogwira ntchito anafikira anthu 500.

yoyeza sukulu Choyamba

Local Order ndi bungwe loyamba mu Russia, kumene iwo anayamba kukonza oyeza. Ophunzira anagawanika pakati m'madipatimenti (matebulo). chiwerengero chawo anafikira anthu 100. Maphunziro watha pafupifupi 2-3 zaka. Akatswiri kuphunzira masamu, galamala, dziko yoyeza, drafting, kuwunika zida dziko khalidwe.

opareshoni

Ngati wina anadandaula za bureaucracy ano, kumuuza za dongosolo la kulingalira za pempho kwa Order Local mu 16-17 zaka TH.

1. Pa zopempha clerks anali kulemba zimene masitepe kukonzekera zofunika kuchita clerks.
2. Clerks kupeza mabuku, akatulutsidwa iwo padzuwa zofunika, zaikidwa pempho la maumboni onse.
3. Pa dongosolo la Board anamva yofunsira, kusankha.
4. akuluakulu Local pansi kudzapereka zochita.

ndondomeko ndi ofanana ndi njira zamakono milandu. Amene anali zinachitikira, mudziwa zambiri miyezi, ndi zina zaka, izo angafikire.