Luidzhi Bokkerini: yonena ndi ntchito

Today ife tikuonetserani inu amene Luidzhi Bokkerini. mbiri ndi mbali kulenga wake njira nkhani zotsatirazi. Munthu uyu, ali ankaona Wolemba kwambiri ndi katswiri cellist Italy XVIII atumwi. Zinali iye amene anatenga nawo mbali pa chitukuko cha mtundu wanyimbo nyimbo monga chingwe anai.

Boccherini anali woimira nyimbo ya Viennese Classicism ndi Rococo. Angagwiritsidwenso zimachitika ana Haydn a. Masitaelo a analemba izi pang'ono akamagwiritsa ntchito zake. Pa nthawi ya Luigi ngakhale adaseleula motere naye, kunena mkazi wake Haydn, monga kwambiri analankhulana ndi ntchito za Mlengi Austria. Pa moyo wake anapanga chopereka yaikulu chikhalidwe dziko. Kuyambira cholembera chake anabwera nthetemya 30, oposa 90 chingwe zamitundumitundu (Haydn limabweretsa 83), 2 sewero la 137 Quintet kuti zingwe ndi piano ochepa, komanso nambala yaikulu trios ndi sonatas.

"Zoyimbira" chiyambi Boccherini

ngwazi wathu atabadwa m'nyengo yozizira 1743. Native kwa iwo unali mzinda wa Lucca (Italy). Wolemba anali mizu nyimbo. atate wake Leopold ankadziwika yoimba player, katswiri wa luso lake. Ambiri a moyo wake anagwira oimba wamba. Ngakhale kuti kuyambira ali bambo anga anatiphunzitsa Luidzhi Bokkerini cello, pawiri yoimba kamnyamata sichinkagwirizana kukula. Patapita zaka zingapo, mnyamata anatumizidwa pansi pa chisamaliro cha abbot Domenico Bannuchchi, amene anali mtsogoleri wa masewera olimbitsa thupi m'dera ndi cellist chapamwamba pamodzi. Choncho, zaka 12, mwanayo anakhala kuchita payekha mu dera lake, ndipo nthawi anapita kukagwira ntchito ku gulu la oimba a mzinda.

Abale ndi alongo anali kulenga. Awiri a alongo ake anali ovina akatswiri kuvina chinkhoswe ndi m'bale Giovanni. Mwa njira, iye analemba mabuku angapo a ndakatulo ndi libretto kwa Salieri, ndipo kenaka ndi Haydn.

Kuzindikila

Kudziwika Luigi Rodolfo Boccherini pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Kukapitiriza maphunziro ake, iye anapita ku Roma. Pali anatengedwa pansi pa mtsogoleri phiko la dipatimenti nyimbo ya tchalitchi cha St. Peter. Kukuza kudziwa kwawo kwa woimba achinyamata nthawi zambiri zoimbaimba Tartini, Giardini, Pugnani. Ameneyu kusintha kwa kalembedwe wa nyama yake ndipo anawonjezera kuti moyo wake mtundu wa chokuchitikirani.

Patapita zaka zingapo Boccherini anabwerera kwawo. Pambuyo kuimba ndi bambo ake anaitanidwa kukagwira ntchito ku oimba wa Vienna Imperial Theatre. Zinali pano anakwanitsa timudziwe bwino ntchito za Yozefa Gaydna. Mu Vienna, panali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu wake monga Wolemba, imene otsatidwa ndi angapo a zoimbaimba wake.

kalembedwe zochita

M'chaka cha 1764 Luidzhi Bokkerini ndinayamba ntchito, ndi yopemphereramo wa Lucca Republic. Mu yomweyi, ankaimba m'gulu, amene anali wotsogozedwa ndi Giovanni Sammartini. Pa nthawi akugwira ntchito pa zochita kalembedwe wake. Ndiyeno woimba anakumana ndi woyimba zeze wamng'ono Filippo Manfredi, amene anakhala bwenzi lake lapamtima, mwana ndi mnzake. Kuti mupereke zilandiridwenso akanatha Manfredi pa limodzi la zoimbaimba onse linakonzedwa ndi Boccherini.

ntchito anai a ngwazi wathu mu 60s chikudalira kwambiri ndi ntchito oimba katswiri: Nardini, Cambini ndi wake Manfredi anzake.

World Slava Bokkerini

Mu 1766 bambo ake anamwalira Luidzhi Bokkerini. Pambuyo pake, wolemba sanafune kukhala m'chigawo kwawo. Atasonkhanitsa onse comrades, anapita ku zoimbaimba ku Northern Italy. Mapeto imene iwo anali Paris. Woyamba kutulutsidwa kwa ananena mu okonzera wa Baron Von Bagh, amene anali mmodzi wopambana mu likulu. Zotsatirazi sewero akulankhula za oimba lonse Paris. Apa, m'chigawo choyamba ntchito ndi Boccherini ndi Manfredi linasindikizidwa.

oimba Waluso anali anaona mwamsanga. Patapita nthawi, pambuyo anabwera kazembe Italiya ku Madrid ndi kuitana kwa bwalo la Charles III. Infante Luis, mbale wa mfumu, anachita chidwi ndi talente imodzi ya wopeka, amene anamutengera ku ntchito bwalo cellist. Pamene anali ku m'nyumba yachifumu Luigi analemba 6 nthetemya, quintets oposa 20 zamitundumitundu (kuphatikizapo wotchuka 6 chingwe). Ambiri a iwo anathera admirer chake chachikulu Louis.

Ngakhale cellist akukhala Madrid, anakwatira. Wokondedwa mkazi iye anali Clementine Pelicho. Iwo anali ana 5, amene anali kubweretsa ina pamene mu 1785 mkazi wake anamwalira. Pa nthawi yomweyo, masiku otsiriza a moyo ndi woyang'anira wake Infante. Woimba zinali zovuta kuti apulumuke, ndipo ngakhale ndi ana. Iye anaganiza zopita ku ntchito pa bwalo la Frederick II. Mfumu ankakonda nyimbo zachikhalidwe ndi thandizo zilandiridwenso Boccherini. Wolemba analemba nyimbo za bwalo Prussian.

Luigi ankaganiza kuti akwatire mu 1787. Koma patapita kanthawi anataya chachiwiri ndi wokondedwa ndi ana ake atatu. Wolemba lalikulu linali pafupi umphawi. ndalama Timagalasi pafupifupi sanam'bweretsere, koma ntchito thupi sanali thanzi zokwanira, lomwe nthawi imeneyo ndipo unatha. Mu 1805, ngwazi athu anamwalira ndi matenda amene avutitsa zaka angapo otsiriza a moyo.

Zotsatira za Wolemba ndi

Luidzhi Bokkerini moyo '62. Panthawi imeneyi anatha kulenga ntchito zoposa 450 nyimbo. Ndipo ndi okhawo amene amadziwika. zosonkhanitsira zimapezekanso zosiyanasiyana Mitundu: nthetemya, trios, zamitundumitundu, quintets, oratorios, misa ndi cantatas. Anali wotchuka pakati analemba mu nthawi yake ndi mukopedwe mapangidwe oimba ambiri pambuyo pake.