Maenje othawira zolakatika. Munthu aliyense payekha ndiponso kutetezedwa mu nkhani ya ngozi cheza

Cheza polojekiti ikuchitika zomera mafakitale ndi zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya musati kukusalani kuthekera yatsoka tsoka. Choncho, aliyense adziŵe kuteteza miyoyo yawo ndi thanzi imeneyi. M'nkhaniyi, ife anasonkhana mfundo zofunika pa nkhaniyi.

ndi ERP Kodi

maenje othawira zolakatika (chidule - - MDP) Mu nkhani ya pogona wapadera ntchito cheza tsoka. Iwo amatumikira kuteteza anthu ndi cheza ionizing, amene asunga pa matenda a m'dera cheza. Ndiponso ntchito chitetezo ionizing cheza (kuphatikizapo nyutironi kamwazi), kuwala umuna wa mantha yoweyula (pang'ono) kukhudzana ndi zovala ndi khungu poyizoni anthu, zinthu nyukiliya, ndi kwachilengedwenso wothandizila (bakiteriya).

Nthawi aletse FRA amatipatsa Moe. Moscow Mwachitsanzo, ali zikwi m'misasa, ena a iwo kusiya mabungwe malonda. Pofuna kuchepetsa pa ogwira ntchito mlingo, zigawo ndi m'madera iwo ili, kuti akonze ntchito yapadera. Zikuphatikizapo akuluakulu a boma zosiyanasiyana za malamulo, ayezi ndi FEMA. Moscow - likulu la dziko lathu, kotero boma la ERP izo kufufuzidwa zambiri. Care ayenera kumwedwa osati kusokoneza kutayikira mu iwo.

Zida ndi zida MDP

m'misasa Fallout zambiri imachitikira ku zipinda zapansi za nyumba zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina zikhoza anamanga Kuzipeka pogona freestanding. Chifukwa chaichi, mafakitale zipangizo yomanga monga njerwa, konkire zoduliratu zinthu, pakubwezeretsa, komanso zofunika m'deralo (miyala, mitengo, etc.). Khoma makulidwe mu nkhani iyi ayenera kokwanira kuti atiteteze. Kodi iwo ali thicker, ndi wodalirika kwambiri adzakhala chitetezo. M'madera treeless, ngati palibe zipangizo zina zomanga, n'zotheka kumanga PRU wa fascines, omwe anapangidwa wa bango, timitengo, udzu, mzimbe, mpendadzuwa, mapesi a chimanga.

Onse dera recessed oyenera cholinga cha chitetezo akhoza kusinthidwa kwa maenje othawira zolakatika. Izi kosungira zapansi, mapanga, mobisa ntchito, masamba sitolo. Woyenerera ndi pamwamba nyumba, makoma amene zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo kuti ndi katundu zozitetezera. Area Pankhaniyi angakhale osiyana.

pressurization

Kuti kumapangitsanso katundu wotetezera pa losindikizidwa mipata zenera, komanso makomo a nyumba zina. Pa alipo anatsanulira wosanjikiza dothi. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuchokera kunja yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda pamwamba makoma kupanga dothi podsypku.

Kusindikiza zimatheka ndi kusindikiza mosamala maenje ming'alu ndi mphako denga ndi makoma, pamphambano ya chitseko ndipo zenera mipata, madzi athandizira ndi mipope magetsi. Komanso limatipatsa zitseko koyenera amene ayenera upholster anamva, ndi khonde kusindikiza mpukutu wa mwake kapena china zofewa wandiweyani minofu.

magawanidwe

Ngati malo aang'ono a chipinda, asamafalitse m'misasa ngati kuti lizichirikiza zosaposa 30 anthu, limapezeka mwachibadwa kudzera utsi ndi kotunga mpweya ducts. Woyamba kulenga samatha kuchita za 1.5-2 mamita pamwamba wachiwiri. Komanso, kumanga visors pa ducts mpweya (osachiritsika awo akunja). Pa kulowa kupanga zolimba-koyenera damper chatsekedwa pamene anaopsezedwa fallout nyukiliya.

chipangizo mkati

Ngati danga kuti Amasintha kuti pogona si zida ndi sewerage ndi madzi, kuyika mu thanki madzi. Izo ziyenera kukhala zokhudza 3-4 malita pa munthu patsiku. Chabwino anamanga zimbudzi dzenje kapena ma CD kunja. The pogona anapanga poyimitsa, mabenchi kapena zifuwa anafuna kuti chakudya. chipinda ndi kuunikiridwa ndi nyale kunyamula magetsi kapena ku kotunga kunja mphamvu.

chitetezo chinthu

m'misasa zoteteza antiradiation katundu zosiyana. Pakuti kuwunika ntchito chizindikiro monga chinthu chitetezo. Akukamba za nthawi zambiri pogona imeneyi amachepetsa cheza mlingo. Chinthu ichi zimakhudza zinthu zambiri. Wall makulidwe, nkhani zomwe anapanga, sealability etc. retrofitted mkati mwa nyumba kapena zapansi kungakhale makumi angapo kapena mazana nthawi kuonjezera katundu wawo. Mwachitsanzo, mu zapansi m'nyumba okonzeka mtengo, chitetezo chinthu ukufika 100, pamene mwala - 1000. Pafupifupi nthawi 7-12 attenuate cheza m'chipinda chapansi Popeza alibe mphamvu zomuthandiza ndipo akukonzani apewe kukhudzana ake nthawi 350-400. Choncho, kubisala mtundu losavuta ndi otsika chitetezo china ndi wodalirika kwambiri - apamwamba.

Kodi kuchita zinthu m'misasa

Pali malamulo ena a khalidwe mu wogulitsa kumunda. Fallout m'misasa kudzaza kudya ndi bungwe. Mu malo oyamba pa malo a analilumpha ana, anthu okalamba komanso akazi ndi ana. Iwo zili m'madera anasankha mwachindunji iwo. A munthu nyumba, kutenga chakudya kwa masiku awiri (wokutidwa pulasitiki). Akhale zikalata a chimbudzi, zida munthu woteteza (chomwe tikambirana kenako) ndi osachepera katundu.

Strong-zonunkhira zinthu flammable ndikoletsedwa kubweretsa ERP lapansi. Komanso, sikumachititsa kuti chiwetocho, kutenga zinthu onenepa. Malo sangathe kuyenda poponya. Musaphwanye kuyatsa nyumba anapanga nyali, makandulo, nyali popanda chilolezo. Anthu amene ali ndi kukabisala, ayenera kutsatira malangizo onse ndi malamulo a mtsogoleri wa.

Poti pogona wapangidwa, kapena akamavutika, kapena "osawerenga" pambuyo beep lapansi. Ngati zotuluka waukulu mukukhuta, izo ikuchitika mwa kuchoka mwadzidzidzi. Pankhani ya kusapezeka kwa iwowa n'kofunika kukhwimitsa kwa kuchotsa blockage ndi zitseko kutsegula mphamvu anthu kukhala pa malo a.

Kodi mungadzitetezere ku cheza?

magwero cheza timanyamula chiopsezo. Ngakhale izi, pali njira kuchilango kukhudzana. Kusankha m'misasa fallout ndi kuchepetsa zoipa zotsatira cheza. Komabe, izo sizingakhoze kwathunthu kuthetsa mavuto. Kumbukirani kuti pali njira zina mungadzitetezere ku izo. Iwo akhoza kugawidwa mitundu 3: mtunda, nthawi, ndi zodzitetezera. Kuona mwachidule aliyense wa iwo.

nthawi chitetezo

Akamanena za njira ya chitetezo ndi kuchepetsa nthawi ya ulendo wa munthu pafupi ndi gwero cheza. Zoipa thanzi lathu wamkulu yaitali ife sitiri kutali gwero la cheza. Njira imeneyi chitetezo ntchito, makamaka chifukwa kuwonongedwa kwa ngozi Chernobyl. Liquidators anapatsidwa mphindi chabe kumaliza ntchito zawo ndi kubwerera ku malo abata. Ndi zopanda zotsatira chifukwa timeout imene angathe kukhala mu zinkakhala m'dera. Kuchuluka kukhudzana, kuchititsa cheza matenda angayambe.

chitetezo mtunda

Pamene chinthu china wapezeka, ndilo gwero la poizoni ngozi kuti thanzi la munthu ndi moyo, m'pofunika kuchoka ku mtunda kumene cheza ndi cheza maziko alibe olumpha malire chovomerezeka. Komanso, gwero cheza angathe kumwedwa kunja kwa manda kapena pa malo otetezeka.

zida chitetezo Personal

Nthawi zina m'pofunika kuchita ntchito iliyonse m'madera ndi mkulu poizoniyu maziko. Mwachitsanzo, tingachite pokonzekera pamene ngozi pa nyukiliya magetsi kapena pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana amakampani mafakitale, amene ali magwero cheza. M'madera ayenera kukhala zonse cheza polojekiti. Sipangakhale popanda chitetezo. Ndi zoopsa za thanzi ndipo ngakhale miyoyo ya anthu. Pakuti Zikatero, munthu njira cheza chitetezo zinalengedwa. Iwo zowonetsera kunja zipangizo, wachedwa ena mitundu cheza. Komanso, PPE monga coveralls.

Pali mitundu ingapo cheza malingana ndi mlandu ndi chikhalidwe cha particles ndi cheza. Choncho, njira chitetezo anapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana kupirira mitundu ina cheza.

Pofuna kudziteteza ku la cheza Alpha, mukhoza kuvala magolovesi, ndi makina kapena ntchito yachibadwa "chotchinga" pepala. Ngati osakhala beta-dzuwa, chophimba adzafunika pepala woonda zitsulo zotayidwa, galasi kapena plexiglass. Ndale makina simungathe kuteteza dongosolo kupuma anthu a mtundu uwu wa poizoni. Pankhaniyi, muyenera mpweya chigoba.

Ndi cheza Popanga madzi a gamma kudziteteza kwambiri. Yunifolomu ndi chitetezo mtundu wa poizoni iyenela yopangidwa ndi zitsulo, chitsulo adaponya, kutsogolera, tungsten kapena miyala ina kukhala misa lalikulu. Mu kukhazikitsa ntchito pa Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya chomera ntchito zovala zopangidwa patsogolo.

zosiyanasiyanazo zopinga polyethylene, ma polima ndipo ngakhale madzi kungakutetezeni ku mavuto malinga ndi particles nyutironi.

zina chakudya ndi mankhwala

zowonjezera zakudya Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuteteza ndi cheza pamodzi ndi zowonetsera ndi ovololo. Iwo ayenera kumwedwa pakamwa kapena asanafike zoni dzuwa, kapena pambuyo. Nthawi zambiri, amathandiza kuchepetsa kungasokoneze wa radionuclides mu thupi la munthu.

Ena zakudya komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa mavuto cheza. Pakati pawo tisaiwale tirigu, mikate yoyera, walnuts ndi Palestina ankalima. Mu mmene yaing'ono zakudya awa akhoza kuchepetsa zotsatira cheza pa anthu chifukwa kukhalapo kwa selenium, amene kumathandiza mapangidwe zotupa chifukwa cha kuphatikizapo cheza kukhudzana. Polimbana naye ndi zabwino kwambiri, ndi zowonjezera anapanga pamaziko a algae (chlorella, kelp). Kuchotsa thupi la nuclides nyukiliya akhala atagonjetsa mu izo, ngakhale pang'ono angathe adyo ndi anyezi.

"Ginseng" - wogwira mtima mankhwala mankhwala ndi cheza. Iwo chogulitsidwa lililonse mankhwala. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kuchuluka kwa 40-50 akutsikira kawiri asanadye. Komanso, kuchepetsa ndende ya radionuclides mu thupi amathandiza Tingafinye wa Eleutherococcus. Lifunika ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.25-0.5 supuni tsiku la tiyi m'mawa ndi pa nkhomaliro. Atiteteze kwa cheza ndi wofunika lungwort, mdierekezi ndi Leuzea, amene amagulitsidwa mankhwala a.

Tikumbukenso kuti palibe mankhwala sangathe kwathunthu kuthetsa mavuto cheza. Njira yabwino pofuna kuteteza motsutsa izo - musayandikire zinthu zoipa, ndipo posachedwapa kusiya malo, ndi kuchuluka mpweya wa poizoni. M'mene angatetezedwe ndi fallout m'misasa zingathandize kuchepetsa ndi kungasokoneze cheza, ngati n'zosatheka kusiya malo oopsa.