Mafupa yaikulu anthu: choonadi kapena falsification wa mwaluso?

Mu Baibulo, otchedwa Vedas ndi zikhulupiliro za anthu osiyanasiyana otchulidwa ziphona amene kamodzi kumene kuli lathuli. Nthano zakale amanena kuti awa anali zimphona, Atlanta, kudalira mphamvu zake ndi ndikutsutsa anthu apamwamba kapena Mulungu. Pakuti miyamba ndi kulanga mpikisano umenewu, erasing izo pa nkhope ya Dziko Lapansi. Ambiri "grammarians" amene mukufuna kutanthauzira malemba opatulika kwenikweni nthawi zonse kufunafuna umboni wa olowa izi. Nthawi anthu anathamangira ku zidutswa yaikulu vertebrae kapena zinthu zina lalikulu nyama ya mbiri isanayambe. anapezazi chakudya kwa nkhambakamwa, ngati anali mafupa yaikulu anthu.

anathandiza linapangidwa ndi otsatira amanena za zakuthambo (mlendo) chiyambi cha moyo padziko lapansi. Komatu mkangano chidwi pagulu zimphona wakale-zabodza sayansi mabuku, nthawi kuti muyike nkhani za ananena atulukira chidwi. Pofuna kuonedwa zoona akufalitsa ndi zithunzi atulukira danga, amene angaoneke ndi mafupa yaikulu anthu. Photos anasonyeza akupuma bwino anasunga zotsalira za chimphona, ndi pafupi ndi izo - mafano yaing'ono ofukula. Kutengera pa kukula pafupifupi lamakono anthu munthu kuganizira ngati chithunzi mosavuta kulingalira akufa munthu kuwuka - pafupifupi 20 mamita.

Komabe, khalidwe lomwe zachilendo n'chochititsa mantha. Ngakhale m'madera osiyana, omwe ankati opangidwa wapeza mafupa a anthu chimphona - India, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Greece, South Africa, Portugal ndi Kenya - zonse zinachitika pa dongosolo lomwelo. zotsalira anali anakumana ndi mwayi mu njira ya kufufuza za miyala kapena amaika mumsewu misewu. Pomwepo pamalowa anali asilikali amene cordoned pa dera ndi anapezazo chidabisidwa pamaso pa anthu ambiri. Ndipo chifukwa manja asayansi sikungakhoze kukhala umboni wina kupatula chithunzi anatengedwa kuchokera ndege a.

Pa nthawi yomweyo monga nkhani ndi photos, ankati kutsimikizira anapezazo chidachuluka. Chimphona mafupa a anthu anali mamita atatu, kenaka asanu ndi atatu, ndiye 24. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, onse (ngakhale zithunzi ngati pang'ono) pa malo a manda anayamba kupeza mapale - ndi Chisansikiriti, ndiye mu Arabic - kuti Zimphona a ina mtundu gulu, otchulidwa otchedwa Vedas kapena Baibulo. Zolemba, ndithudi, anali inalandidwa asilikali zoipa, chifukwa ena chidwi kubisa choonadi mbiri.

Pomaliza, National Geographic mu 2007, anachititsa kufufuza yake zithunzi. Kunapezeka kuti maziko kwa yomanga, imene mafupa yaikulu anthu, anali ulendo wa zofukula m'mabwinja pa yunivesite ya Cornell apeza. Koma kwenikweni, m'tauni ya Hyde Park, New York September 16, 2000, asayansi sakupeza chotsalira cha zimphona wakale ndi makombo chigoba ... mastodon, amene anakhalako zaka okwana 13,000 zapitazo.

Posakhalitsa anatulukira, ndi woyambitsa "zokopa chithunzi." Zikuoneka kuti ngati Iron mphamba. Ndipo mwamunayo sanafune kuti aliyense kusocheretsa. Iye atuma photomontage wake pa mpikisano luso lazojambula, umene unachitikira ndi imodzi mwa malo. Ndipo ngakhale mphoto kumeneko - malo lachitatu. mpikisano panafika ambuye osiyanasiyana Photoshop, amene anapereka kwa loweruza ntchito zawo - ". lalikulu kwambiri" ku moona kupusa otere Mu 2007, National Geographic Society inakhazikitsa mawu amene palibe zotsalira za Arefai anapeza kuti mafupa yaikulu anthu - nthano ndi esoteric tampering.