Maganizo ndi mukapeza ndi: zitsanzo. A mukapeza mu chiganizo zovuta

zopumira zizindikiro kumathandiza chachikulu chinenero cha Chirasha. Iwo ananenanso F. Buslaev, kusonyeza kuti amathandiza kuti zikumveka wa ganizo. Aliyense akudziwa mawu akuti ku nthano "Miyezi khumi ndi awiriwo": "adya, Blogs". Ichi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha momwe zopumira angathe kusintha tanthauzo la mawuwo.

Zopumira Onani m'magazini malemba, ndi nthawi yovuta. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri makamaka staging ndi mukapeza mu maganizo, onse yosavuta zovuta. Zimenezi zalongosoledwa ndi polysemy ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana za chizindikiro zopumira. Komanso, nthawi zina, ndi kuzindikiridwa ndi semicolon a.

Ntchito ya mukapeza ziganizo

Russian galamala ukugawa zopumira onse anafunika, kulekanitsa ndi kugawa. Komanso, iwo akhoza kukhala osakwatira ndi awiriawiri.

Kupatuka mukapeza ndi pakati pa nkhani ndi mkhalidwe, mamembala yunifolomu ndi generalizing mawu ziganizo yosavuta mbali ya zovuta kuti: conjunctionless, nthawi zina ndi kugwirizana wamphumphu. Chapadera awiri ntchito chizindikiro ndi ntchito yoyamba ija, ziwembu Ikani. Wina (zina) Ntchito mukapeza wa - kujambula pa kalata amapereka kulankhula mwachindunji ndi kukambirana. Motero akhoza chimatanthauza ndondomeko ya zochita mu chiphunzitso cha chizindikiro ichi zopumira: Kumbukirani ulamuliro ndi chimatanthauza udindo wa mukapeza chiweruzo. Njira imeneyi kudzakuthandizani kulemba mwadala ndi kupewa zolakwika zopumira.

Mukapeza pakati pa nkhani ndi mkhalidwe

The chuma wotchuka amaona zopumira - mu ndizosowa galamala. udindo wake mu nkhani iyi chimachititsa kuchotsa mbali kusowa kwa mkhalidwe, kawirikawiri mwadzina. Choncho mungagunde atakhala zinthu mu nkhani iyi. Mwa maganizodwe "mu mungagunde akuti" adzakhala ofanana ndi machenjerero:

• nauni - nauni (onse pa nkhani nominative): "Siberia - zolamulidwa ndi wolemera dera la Russia";
• infinitive - infinitive: "Kuphunzira - mosalekeza ntchito";
• nauni - infinitive kapena infinitive - nauni: 'Chitani zabwino - malamulo a moyo wa anthu ";
• numeral - ndi numeral 'asanu mphambu zisanu - makumi atatu ".

Isanafike mawu, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse kuyika mukapeza: ". Kuthandiza anthu okalamba - chizindikiro cha kuswana wabwino" Mlandu wina zotheka: infinitive - adverb ndi tanthauzo (kapena kufufuza mawu) boma, koma pokhapokha ngati pali nkhani yopuma pakati pa nkhani ndi mkhalidwe: ". sindikudziwa malamulo a kudutsa msewu - owopsa kwa moyo"

Turo zosafunika

Kuyenera kudziwa pamene chilemba zopumira pa phunziro ndi mkhalidwe si anapatsidwa. Zikatero, nthawi zambiri amaloledwa zolakwa zopumira kuti si nthawi zonse zinakhalako chosasamala yosavuta. Nawa malamulo enshrined Russian galamala:

• phunziro - zawo puronauni, mneni - nauni;
• pakati pa mamembala waukulu anasonyeza mbali mwadzina wa kulankhula ntchito tinthu zoipa kapena mabungwe, monga ngati, MMENE monga;
• mneni - adjective, kawirikawiri mu mawonekedwe kapisozi.

Nawa ziganizo n'zotheka ndi dashes - zitsanzo za ntchito zawo mu kulankhula: "Ndiwe mwamuna ndi mphamvu chosefukira," "Young Playboy si chitsanzo kutsatira", "Maso ake anali ngati moto", "The mnyamata wamanyazi komanso manyazi kwambiri".

Tiyenera kuona mungachite izi (zimene sizili nthawi): "The wotchuka ali munthu wokalamba" - pamaso mkhalidwe nauni, akutchula izo membala sekondale; "Anthu Wokondeka, nsodzi uyu" - inversion (.. Ie, n'zosiyana mawu dongosolo).

Ngakhale tisaiwale kuti mukapeza ankachitika ziganizo za mtundu uwu amaloledwa mu zosemasema. The wolemba ntchito mu nkhani iyi - kuganizira owerenga kuti mfundo ananena nkhani kapena mkhalidwe.

A mukapeza mu ndimavutika, syntactically ndi semantically chosakwanira

Nthawi zambiri, makamaka amalankhula, zimene ziyenera wotetezedwa mwa kulemba, mungapeze milandu chosowacho mkhalidwe (kapena membala sekondale). Kutanthauza zilibe zowawa, koma mamangidwe kukupangitsa kukhala kovuta. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha munthu mwatsatanetsatane chosakwanira, imene membala akusowa (zambiri mneni) ndi kuthetsa. zifukwa motere:

• Iye mosavuta obwezeretsedwa kuchokera apambuyo ( "woyamba monga nyama, wachiwiri - nsomba, motero tinaganiza kuti achepetse tokha kuti saladi");
• ndi syntactic kufanana ( "Apa - wanga wonse kwa nkhalango - wanga, munda wa - komanso wanga");
• mu nyumba kumene kuli manauni awiri - woyamba mu dative, wachiwiri mu accusative ( "Mlongo - m'bale chidole - makina").

Zopumira kamangidwe ka anthu homogeneous

Pali vuto lina Kupereka mukapeza mu ndimavutika. Zimenezi zikugwira kuika chizindikiro komaliza zopumira pa mawu kwenikweni kumene mfundo zingapo tingaone komanso.

1. Yunifolomu mamembala - zowombetsa mkota mawu ( "Daisies, cornflowers, mabelu - maluwa akutchire kuwoneka bwino woumba ndi").
2. Zowombetsa mkota mawu: homogeneous mawu - ... ( "M'kalasi: Vitali, Jura, SERGEY - nthawi yomweyo kupulumutsa").
3. Pamalowa apatsira gawo lachiwiri la awiri mgwirizano yolumikiza mawu homogeneous ( "Master osati manja aŵiri alendo - ndipo ngakhale anamupatsa chipsompsono panjira chakudya dengu").
4. Pamene pakati pa mamembala homogeneous anakhazikitsa asapita kapena kutsutsidwa zodabwitsa ( "Mosiyana ndi ziyembekezo, iye sanali wamantha - nasangalala uthenga").

Kutulutsa chizindikiro pa ntchito

Turo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndimavutika ndi anyamata lowani. Izi kulekana kwa ntchito kapena kusankha zolakwika ndi pulagi kutisokoneza. Nthawizina zoterezi mwina m'malo ndi koma ndi. Koma pali milandu kumene mukapeza - yekha zotheka zopumira. Osati kuti ankalakwitsa m'mawu ake, kukumbukira malamulo akufuna.

Pano pali maganizo ambiri ndi mukapeza ndi: yosangalatsa zitsanzo ofunsira.

1. Pamaso n'zotheka kuika mawu motere: "The Hostess anakonza nkhomaliro zokoma - msuzi wa nsomba zokodwa ndi masamba atsopano saladi."
2. Iwo ali ndi khalidwe ofotokozera: "Tuluka ndi khonde la mwini - akadali ndithu mokondwera wachikulire - yaitali anafufuza alendo zosayembekezereka nawo."
3. Ndalama app pamaso liwulo mawu: "zokoma lokoma zipatso - strawberries kwa mchere, chifukwa chomukondweretsa onse amene anakhala pa tebulo."
4. Kugawira imodzi mwa mawu homogeneous: "Mu madzulo anabwera onse: azakhali okalamba, msuweni - mwana wa amalume posachedwapa anamwalira, asuweni zitatu mbali mayi wake."
5. mukapeza A alekanitsa ntchito angapo homogeneous kumatanthauza ndi mawu akuti: "Otlichnitsa ndi kalasi loyamba, ndi ophunzira yogwira ntchito zonse sukulu, thandizo ndi mutu wa timu - Marina sakanakhoza kutenga nawo mbali pa holide m'tsogolo."

Kutulutsa chizindikiro pamene kutsegula ndi mapangidwe Ikani

The maganizo a mtundu zingakhale mipatuliro, m'mabokosi, dashes. Kodi si kulakwitsa posankha chizindikiro anakhumba zopumira? bwana yodziwika ndi mukapeza munthu?

Zitsanzo zofotokoza bwino zopumira zambiri amasonyeza kuti kapangidwe kutsegula:

• kufalitsa: "alendo Little shopu kapena - pamene chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo makamu ochezeka ndipo Olemba - inspirers maganizo atsopano nthawizonse olandiridwa";
• amapereka maganizo a wolemba (Pankhaniyi muyenera modabwa mfundo kapena chizindikiro cha funso pamaso mukapeza a): "Pulogalamu lonse - kodi izo? - anawakonzera chifukwa mokomera munthu wina ".

Pamene inu kusankha pulagi-mu mapangidwe Amachitanso ntchito dashes ndi parentheses.

ziganizo zovuta ndi kugwirizana coordinative ndi Kumvetsela

Zikatero, dashes, monga ulamuliro, si zopumira chizindikiro chachikulu ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo koma ndi. Chotero m'malo ndi chifukwa chakuti chimanena za mawu kapena kuphatikiza kwake mu pempholo, kapangidwe wapadera wa intonation mawu.

Nazi zitsanzo za mukapeza yoyenera naonekera mu chiganizo zovuta ndi kugwirizana wamphumphu.

1. Ubwenzi zosiyana kapena zodabwitsa mu MTP (slozhnosochinennogo) "akupita udzu wautali ndi madzi - ndi mosavuta tiwolokere pa mafunde mitsinje".
2. Imodzi kapena zonse za ssp - denominative chiganizo: "mphindi A - ndi mbala bwino kutsogolo kwake."
3. The SPP (pawiri), ngati n'koyenera pamaso waukulu paranasal izjasnitelnyh, concessive ndi makonzedwe: "Ngati kulibe wathu wina akugogoda - musati kutsegula chitseko"
4. Chosatha mkhalidwe verebu mulibe mu mbali imodzi kapena kuposa chiganizo zovuta: "Ena amakhulupirira ngati zoperekazo udzakhala wokwanira, ena - kuchuluka amene adakali ayenera ziwonjezeke."
5. The SPP yunifolomu subordination wa paranasal ili pa chiyambi: ". Kodi chinachitika n'chiyani iye anachoka, chifukwa mlongo anatsegula chitseko kwa mlendo - mayankho a mafunso amenewa, sanapezeke wina"

A mukapeza mu chiganizo zovuta ndi kugwirizana asyndetic

Russian galamala ndi bwino ndithu amasonyeza kolowera zopumira pa BSP lapansi. Chinthu chachikulu kuyang'ana kwa - woyenera kukhazikitsa akaidi m'menemo asapita zamalankhulidwe. Mukapeza pakati ziganizo (predicative mbali) BSP kuvala nthawi pang'ono.

Mu gawo loyamba - limasonyeza nthawi kapena chikhalidwe cha kanthu odzipereka, "kuwerenga buku mapeto - kupitirira wakwera." Chotero kupereka mosavuta redesign ndi NGN.

Gawo lachiwiri:

• Zikutanthauza kusintha mwamsanga zochitika kapena chifukwa zosayembekezereka: "chitseko chinatseguka - ndi kuwomba m'manja mokweza";
• ankatsutsa choyamba (= A): "namwalira nthawi yaitali - osati onse wozingwa zapita";
• mfundo ndi zotsatira kapena chifukwa (= ndiye, kotero): "Ine ndabwereranso kuno - posachedwapa zidzaiwalika";
• Iwo limapangidwa kuyerekeza (= NGATI ngati): "glyanet sidelong - moto lamoto";
• akulowa ndi mawu choncho, ngati izi: "Patadutsa masiku khumi zonse adzagwera malo - Mfundo kutonthozedwa ndi ouziridwa chiyembekezo."

Choncho, ziganizo ndi dashes (zitsanzo takupatsani m'nkhani) ndi chidziwitso cha malamulo sadzachititsa movutikira kwambiri.