Magazi m'thupi - matenda magazi

Magazi m'thupi - chikhalidwe kuti amakhala ndi kukanika magazi, kuchepa mu ndende ya hemoglobin mapuloteni ndi maselo ofiira pa wagawo buku la magazi. Popeza waukulu ntchito ya erythrocytes ndi kunyamula ndi mpweya mu thupi, kudwala awo (maonekedwe a mwana maselo ofiira, utachepa woipa wa maselo a magazi lake, pamaso pa maselo ndi nthenda ya kumtundu) kumabweretsa chitukuko cha hypoxia.

Kukula kwa magazi m'thupi akhoza kugwirizana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimene zingapangitse (a zosiyanasiyana matenda ndi kawopsedwe, mafuta hypoplasia, hemolysis, kukha mwazi ndi zina zotero). Magazi m'thupi - matenda limodzi ndi kuphwanya kupuma ntchito ya magazi. Pamene kupata magazi m'thupi kumachitika kuchepekedwa mpweya woopsa kungachititse imfa. Izo ziyenera kuti matenda amakhala ndi osati kuchepa mu ndende ya hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira, motero komanso kusintha umagwirira magazi mbiri.

mbiri ya magazi m'thupi matenda amagwirizana ndi Zapakati. Masiku amenewo, odwala n'chinthu chofunikira MIZUKWA chifukwa boednosti. Odwala akufunsidwa kumwa magazi a nyama, iyo anapereka kanthawi zotsatira zabwino. Agiriki akale anaona kuti madzi dzimbiri wothandiza mankhwala a magazi m'thupi. M'zaka za m'ma 16, Paracelsus zochizira matenda pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo okusayidi. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 mpaka kuchiza odwala ndi magazi m'thupi bwinobwino anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chiwindi yaiwisi, asayansi apeza kuti ali nyama muli kuchuluka apamwamba a chitsulo kupezeka kwa thupi.

gulu la magazi m'thupi

Gawo zachokera mfundo pathogenetic. Popeza pathogenesis, posthemorrhagic magazi m'thupi zimagawidwa m'magulu (zimachitika chifukwa kutaya magazi), hypoplastic (olembedwa ndi makope osauka), hemolytic (linakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka hemolysis kapena krovorazrusheniya).

Etiology ndi pathogenesis

Zakudya magazi m'thupi - matenda amene akufotokozera pamene kuchepekedwa mankhwala chakudya kapena chifukwa cha kuloŵerera ndi thupi la zinthu kuonetsetsa kugwira ntchito za masiku onse hematopoiesis. Zinthu zimenezi ndi monga mapuloteni, chitsulo, mkuwa, cobalt, mavitamini B1, B12, Sun, ascorbic acid. Popeza anthu zimawononga kwambiri kuchuluka kwa zinthu za chiyambi nyama, mu kuchita, magazi m'thupi zakudya ali osowa. N'zochititsa chidwi zambiri ndi khalidwe la magazi m'thupi sekondale, amene akufotokozera chifukwa malabsorption mchere kapena mavitamini. Malinga ndi mmene mankhwala awa ali odzipereka mu thupi, magazi m'thupi zimagawidwa m'magulu B12, kupatsidwa folic acid ndi akusowa chitsulo.

B12-akusowa magazi m'thupi, ndi kupatsidwa folic acid - ndi kudwala kuti akufotokozera chifukwa kupanda cobalt chakudya, vitamini B12, Sun, C, gastritis, gastroenteritis, ndi gepatoze mafuta. Secondary kupanga magazi m'thupi mwa matenda aakulu (TB), nkhondo, hypo- ndi beriberi.

Ndi kuchepa kwa cobalt chakudya sikokwanira matumbo microflora synthesizes cyanocobalamin, pamene B12, Sun ndi C ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana zimene zimachitika pa erythrocytes. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamini B12) chosakanikirana ndi thupi kokha pamene interacts ndi eni antianemic chinthu - gastromukoproteinom, sinteziruyuyuschimsya m'mimba. Chifukwa cha mogwirizana amenewa apangidwa ndi impso latsopano antianemic mankhwala - erythropoietin, amene akulowa m'magazi ndipo pamodzi ndi asidi ascorbic akusowa vitamini BC ku thupi lithe - asidi tetrahydrofolic kuti ndi udindo erythropoiesis yachibadwa. Antianemic zinthu akusowa angathe chifukwa cha matenda a m'mimba, kumene wosweka gastromukoproteina kaphatikizidwe, Pankhaniyi, cyanocobalamin kwa chakudya si ntchito kaphatikizidwe wa erythropoietin. Osakwanira kaphatikizidwe wa erythropoietin angakhalenso zotsatira za matenda a impso.

Pa akusowa vitamini B12 ndipo Dzuwa pali infringements za ndondomeko ya nthaŵi kusasitsa maselo a mafupa.