Main maudindo, kapena Kodi wolamulira wamkulu maiko Arab

Mbiriyakale, izo kwa zaka zambiri, Arab States anagonjera mbalume ndi malamulo a chipembedzo cha Chisilamu, samadziwa za mafumu ndi mafumu. Choncho amene akulamulira iwo, ndi dzina la wolamulira wamkulu maiko Arab? Yesetsani kumvetsa.

Zambiri kusiyana ndi mutu wa mkulu wa dziko anatsimikiza ndi maonekedwe a boma. Ngati wolamulirayo amatchedwa Sultan - ndi sultanate, mtsogoleri (dzina lakale Caliph a) - ndi caliphate, ndi zina zotero. Ife timayang'ana pa zomwe ali ofanana ndipo kodi kusiyana chachikulu.

Khalifa (Khalifa)

Woimirira ndi ulamuliro wa chipembedzo ndipo chipembedzo popanda magawano, wolamulira wamkulu dziko Arab - mtsogoleri. Iye akhapidziwa kuti pokhapokhapo anali pamaso pa akazembe a Mtumiki Muhamadi pansi. Pamene lamulo ili ndi chipembedzo ndi woyambitsa ndi kumakhudza yaikulu malangizo a ndale a moyo mu dziko.

Komanso, Caliph anali umatchedwanso Igupto, ndiyeno sultans Turkey, potsindika mphamvu zawo zauzimu pa anthu a Muslim.

sultans

Sultan - wina mutu boma funso, dzina la wolamulira wamkulu maiko Arab. Ngati mutu wa yakumeneko waima, boma lokha kapena gawo (dera, dera, boma) akutchedwa Sultanate. dzina mbapita dziko la Islam, Quran, monga chizindikiro cha mphamvu, kenako "mfumu ina" anabwera kutanthauza woimira akuluakulu aboma, ankatsutsa "Imam," monga nthumwi ya boma lachipembedzo.

Waukulu zimasiyanitsa mbali ya Sultanate ku dziko la chisilamu - la ufumu yaitali. Monga mbali ya caliphate, kuti State koma kukhala pawokha ndi nkhani yokhayo wolamulira wawo la ufumu m'deralo. Koma izo zinachitika kuti anayamba kulamulira ndi munthu wosankhidwa.

Masiku ano palibe m'dziko limodzi komwe malamulo adzakhala Sultan. kudziwika Last sultanates - Zanzibar, Qatar, Sultanate wa Lahej Kuayti na ciyezezo ku map mu 1964 ndi 1967. Ngakhale sultanates wotchuka imatengedwa kuti Ottoman, lomwe likulu lake ku Constantinople, ndi Mameluke - likulu Cairo.

Mafumu ndi emirs

Ena ufumu wa makono a boma la maiko Arab, monga Kuwait, Bahrain ndi ena anaonekera mu masiku a kuthetsa mafuko. Ndiye iwo anasankha Sheikh - mutu wina, kumene kungakhale wa wamkulu wolamulira Arab.

The Sheikh andithandiza pa moyo wa banja, mphamvu zawo anakula, iwo idakhazikika likuvutika mabanja ofooka. ndondomeko imeneyi mpaka wina wa mafumu amphamvu kwambiri si anakhazikitsa ufumuwo, mopereka mphamvu ndiponso ufulu wa ana ndi adzukulu kasamalidwe.

Mu UAE, monga dzina lake likunenera, iwo aima pa mutu wa Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu, njira ina, dzina la wolamulira wamkulu maiko Arab. Udindo ndi akatengela apabanja. Ngakhale dziko wapangidwa osiyana utsogoleri mayunitsi asanu - ndi Emirates, onse amamvera wolamulira wamkulu. Nthawi zina ndi amatchedwanso pulezidenti, ngakhale izi sizolondola kwathunthu, chifukwa malo ndi akatengela apabanja.

Mafumu ndi atsogoleri

M'mayiko ena a dziko Arab, mwachitsanzo, mu Yordani kapena Morocco, komabe anasunga mafumu, kumene mphamvu ndi yunifolomu ndipo anaikira mu manja wolamulira limodzi. Chigamulo Pankhaniyi munthu ali mutu wa mfumu. Mwachibadwa, kuti mawu amene sanali Arab ndipo anapangidwa m'chilankhulo cha colonizers, ndi anasonyeza nthawi madera awa, ngakhale mayankho funso, dzina la wolamulira wamkulu maiko Arab.

Pali milandu pamene dziko anasintha mawonekedwe a boma, motero dzina la mutu wa boma. Mwachitsanzo, mu Qatar, m'chaka cha 70 cha m'malamulo XX atumwi atsopano. Iwo anati kuti oimira Emirates akhoza kusankha osiyanasiyana a kazembe ake kwa zaka zisanu. Pankhaniyi, mutu wa wolamulirayo - pulezidenti.