Makhalidwe waukulu wa algae ndi. Features ndi tanthauzo la algae

ndi makhalidwe waukulu wa algae ndi chiyani? Kodi amasiyana zomera zina? ndi ntchito iti? Tiyeni kuthana ndi lino.

Kodi udzu?

Mpaka m'ma XX atumwi, algae ndi bowa, lichens ndi mabakiteriya a zomera kuchepetsa. Tsopano lingaliro ili wataya zoyenerera. Mawu akuti "algae" ndi mwangwiro zamoyo m'malo mwadongosolo. algae khalidwe ndi osokoneza, kuyambira amadziwika ndi madipatimenti osiyana ndi siyana.

Lingaliro kwambiri amatanthauza si mtundu, ndi gulu la zamoyo, chomwe chili ndi zingapo zochititsa ofanana. Iwo kuimira sakanikira multicellular, unicellular ndi atsamunda zamoyo. Zinthu zofunika khalidwe la algae - ndi yonena Mitsempha, pamaso pa wotchedwa chlorophyll maselo, akukhala mu malo m'madzi. Amadziwika algae zoposa zikwi zana. makulidwe awo akhoza osiyanasiyana monga micrometer wina ndi mamita 40 m'litali.

mitundu yambiri ya algae, ndi makalasi amaphatikiza zigawo wobiriwira, zofiirira, golide, lachikasu wobiriwira, cryptophytae. Pafupifupi onse a iwo a subkingdoms ndere mu ufumu mbewu. The kuchotserapo ali ndi buluu wobiriwira algae. Iwo Udindo monga cyanobacteria.

mbali Ofunika

mbali khalidwe kwa algae - ndi kukhalapo kwa mphamvu photoautotrophic, mwachitsanzo photosynthesis, chifukwa kukhalapo kwa chlorophyll. Zinthu kwa chilengedwe, iwo kuyamwa padziko lonse thupi.

Waukulu mbali khalidwe la algae komanso zigwirizana pakalibe kulekana bwino mu ziwalo. thupi lawo alibe mizu, thunthu, masamba, koma dongosolo ndi osiyana mu oimira yosiyanasiyana ya algae. Iwo amakhala mtundu wa filaments woonda, mbale, maliboni, etc .. D.

Ndere akhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wobiriwira mitundu yambiri anatsimikiza ndi kukhalapo kwa wotchedwa chlorophyll, wofiira, wachikasu ndi ena mitundu akusonyeza pamaso pa inki zosiyanasiyana. Iwo alibe kupanga maluwa, kubalana a mitundu zosiyanasiyana limapezeka mwa spores, vegetative kapena chikhalidwe kugonana.

malo

Poyamba, ndi chibadidwe mu njira ya madzi a moyo, koma ena mitundu ndinazolowera moyo mu nthaka, mitengo, ndipo ngakhale miyala. Ndere kukula zing'onozing'ono Ufumuyo algae ena, kapena moyo pansi pa matupi madzi, monga mbali ya benthos lapansi.

Mitundu ina yaing'ono kusambira momasuka zigawo madzi a pamwamba ndi zomera. Pali mitundu parasitic kuti tikuuzidwa mu chipolopolo thupi. Zolemba malire miyeso ndi kelp. Anatsegula, iwo apanga nkhalango lonse m'madzi, kupereka malo ogona kwa nsomba ndi nyama zina.

Kawirikawiri amakhala pa kuya kuti zambiri amatha ozama dzuwa. Kuya pazipita mamita 200, ngakhale mitundu yambiri musalekane pansipa makumi anai. Pamwamba pa algae nthawi zambiri kukula pansi chinyezi bwino. Iwo akhoza kuoneka ngakhale pa mpanda kapena nyumba. Kulowa kudalirana ndi bowa, ena algae kuti ophatikizidwa iwo chimodzi, kupanga osiyana mitundu ya zamoyo - lichens.

Tanthauzo kwachilengedwenso

Chifukwa yogwira dzuwa la algae ndi opanga yaikulu ya zinthu organic madzi. Chifukwa cha kufalitsidwa kwa mpweya woipa ndi mpweya, iwo ali mbali ya kufalitsa lonse la zinthu. Ogwiritsa ntchito mmene biofuel ndi ntchito ayeretsedwa ndi madzi.

Ndere chakudya kwa zolengedwa zambiri. Iwo ali olemera mu ayodini ndi mchere, kotero mitundu ya anthu ntchito, mwachitsanzo, Ulvi, nyanja kale na. Iwo ntchito pharmaceutics, komanso makampani mankhwala kuti wodziwitsidwa Hagara-Hagara, mapadi, asidi acetic, ndi mowa.