Mbalame za Kuban: chithunzi ndi ndemanga

Kuban ndi mbiri ndi chikhalidwe chakum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Russia. Pa gawo lake pali mitundu yoposa mazana atatu ya mbalame, zina mwa izo ziri mu Bukhu Loyera. Ndi mitundu iti yomwe imapezeka m'derali? Kodi mbalame zimatchedwa Kuban kochetami? Tiyesa kuyankha mafunso awa m'nkhaniyi.

Kuban Region

Kuban kapena Krasnodar Territory ili kumpoto kwa Caucasus, yomwe ili pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Azov ndi Black Sea. Ndi chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pakhomo ndi chikhalidwe.

Palinso maina apadera a zinyama zina. Mwachitsanzo, kodi mumadziwa kuti mbalame za Kuban zimatchedwa nkhuni? Petukhov. Mwinamwake, mawuwo anawonekera mu Russian Rus kuchokera ku mawu cddot, ndipo ichi chomalizira, chinayambira ngati mawu onomatopoeic (ko-ko-ko).

M'mphepete mwa madera ambiri a chilengedwe - kuchokera ku steppes kupita ku nkhalango zapansi ndi madera a alpine. Kusiyanasiyana kotereku kumakopa nyama zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yoposa 80 ya nyama yamtundu imakhala ku Kuban, pafupifupi 10 amphibians, zokwawa 20 ndi mitundu 300 ya mbalame. Tsatanetsatane wazinthu zina za mbalame za Kuban ndi chithunzi chimene mungapeze pansipa.

Pali mitsinje ing'onoing'ono ndi nyanja zomwe zili m'chigawochi, kuphatikizapo Abrau - nyanja yayikuru ku North Caucasus. Nyengo m'derali sizongopitirira ndipo imasiyanasiyana chaka chonse. Mu kasupe mitsinje nthawi zambiri imachokera ku gombe, ikusefukira zigwa zawo.

Chigawo cha Krasnodar Territory chimakhala chamtendere cha continental, ndipo m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi madera otentha. Mbali ya derali ili ndi nkhalango zowonongeka. M'nkhalango ya Anapa ndi ku Taman, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi malo odyetserako ziweto. M'mapiri, zomera ndi zinthu zimasiyana mozungulira. Choncho, dera lokhala ndi nkhalango zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka zimakhala pang'onopang'ono ndi udzu wochepa wa udzu ndi mabulosi a mabulosi.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbalame ku Kuban

Ntchentche ndi madzi a mandimu komanso udzu, mitsinje, nyanja, nkhalango zambiri zimakopa mbalame zambiri. Kumtunda kwa kumpoto kwa Kuban, mbalame zimayimilidwa ndi mabanja a zidutsa ndi mbozi, mphungu ndi lark.

Malo okhala ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri mbalame. Ndi mitundu yoposa 200. Ambiri amabwera pokhapokha panthawi yopuma kapena pamene akusamukira, koma pafupifupi zamoyo zana zimatsala m'nyengo yozizira. M'madera awa, mungathe kukumana ndi mbalame zamphongo, mphungu, zinyama, zimbwe, ma giggles, chibis, atsekwe ndi waders.

Nkhono, nyanjayi, magpie-magpie, bakha bakha, cormorant, ndi petrel zimakhazikika m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Chakudya chawo n'chosangalatsa kwambiri kuposa cha anthu okhala m'maselo. Mabwato a Kuban samadzigwira okha nsomba, komanso rapans, nkhanu, shrimp.

Mu nkhalango mumakhala nkhuni, zimaponyera, nkhunda zamapiri zahiri, mawe, Orioles, goldfinches, zikopa ndi tits. Mmodzi mwa mbalame ndi mafani a ming'oma, mwachitsanzo, nkhunda yofiira ndi yamwala. M'mapiri aang'ono, m'mapiri otsika ndi mitsinje yamadzi a mitsinje mumakhala mpheta, nsomba, mathalauza a buluu.

Mbalame za Bukhu Loyera la Kuban

Ngakhale kuti pali mbalame zambiri m'derali, mitundu ina imakhala yosavuta, pamene zina zimawonongeka. Mbalame za Kuban, zomwe zalembedwa mu Buku Lopukuta: karavayka, nyemba zoyera, belladonna, chiwombankhanga, avdotka, chiwombankhanga chakuda, chiwombankhanga, nyemba, nkhaka, nyamakazi, chimanga, etc. Pali mitundu yonse ya 57.

Mitundu yowonongeka yomwe chiŵerengero chake chikucheperachepera chaka chilichonse, ndizomwe zimakhala zotupa kwambiri, mphodza yaikulu, mphalapala yaikulu, yotchedwa bustard, ndi Caucasian snowcock. Mitundu yowopsya imaphatikizapo mphungu za golidi, ndevu, amdima akuda, ndizosaoneka - zida zagolide, zakuda zakuda za ku Caucasus.

Mwa anthu okwana 2000 a mphungu za golidi akukhala ku Russia, awiri okha awiri ali mu Krasnodar Territory. Nkhumba zoyera za m'deralo zimakhala ndi mawiri awiri, ngakhale nthawi zina zimafika zoposa zana. M'malo ena amabwera zikwangwani 40, ndi awiri okhawo awiriwa amakhala akukhala.

Chiwerengero cha mbalame zimachepa chifukwa cha chirengedwe, ndipo chifukwa cha munthu. Mitundu ina imatha chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chakudya, ena amamwalira chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusakasaka masewera ndi kusaka masewera, kusinthika kwa madera a zachilengedwe kukhala madera azaulimi ndi malo osangalatsa.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miyala

Kuwombera mwala ndi mbalame yaing'ono yomwe imakhala kumadera akutali, komanso m'madera a Gelendzhik ndi Novorossiysk. Mayi a motley thrush amawoneka odzichepetsa ndipo amakhala ndi maunyolo a imvi. Amuna ali owala, ndi nthenga za buluu pamitu yawo ndi mawere a lalanje.

Amakhala pafupi ndi mapiri a m'nyanja, m'mphepete mwa mapiri okhala ndi udzu, m'nkhalango. Zisa zawo zimamangidwa m'matanthwe kapena pansi. Iwo ali a mitundu yovuta. Ku Kuban kuli mbalame pafupifupi 60.

Lysukha

Lysukha imayimira madzi a Kuban. Mu kukula kwake amafanana ndi bakha ndipo amatha kutalika kwa masentimita makumi anayi m'litali. Mbalameyi imapezeka m'madera a steppe, pamtunda waukulu wa mtsinje wa Kuban. Amakonda mapiri, zigwa ndi mchere watsopano kapena nyanja zatsopano. Nthanga zimamangidwa mwachindunji m'madzi, pa malo omwe ali ndi shallows kapena m'nthanga za bango.

Thunthu la mphutsi yamdima kapena lakuda, pamutu pali malo oyera (omwe dzina lake linayambira). Mlomo wa mbalamewu ndi woyera, kenakake pang'ono. Miyendo ndi yachikasu, ndipo zala zimakhala zotalika ndi imvi, ndipo zimakhala ndi ziboda zambiri.

Kuwonjezera pa malo a Krasnodar, mafutawa amapezeka ku Asia, Africa, kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, Australia komanso zilumba zapafupi, Mediterranean ndi Far East.

Curly Pelican

Imodzi mwa mbalame zakupha za Kuban. M'deralo, pelican yokongola kwambiri imakhala m'chigawo cha Taman Peninsula ndi Nyanja ya Kum'mawa ya Azov. Imafuna malo omwe ali ndi mathithi ndi liman. Pakalipano, awiri awiri owerengeka omwe amakhala mu Krasnodar Territory. Chiwerengero chawo chikucheperachepera chifukwa chogwidwa, kuwonongedwa, kuipitsidwa kwa madzi.

Ndi mbalame yaikulu yokhala ndi thupi mpaka mamita 180 masentimita. Mapiko ake ndi mamita 3.5. Mbali yodabwitsa ya pelican ndi mlomo wake. Amakula mpaka masentimita 50 m'litali. Pelican yowongoka imakhala yoyera, pamutu ndi pamutu nthenga zake zimakhala ngati zozungulira.

Mbalame zambiri zimasungidwa m'magulu. Amadyetsa nsomba zokha, choncho amathera nthawi yambiri pamadzi. Nyere m'mabedi a bango kapena pazilumba zazing'ono.

Chiwombankhanga

M'mapiri osakanikirana a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, chiwombankhanga chimakhala. Ndi mbalame yofala kwambiri ku Kuban. Chiwombankhanga chikhoza kukhala m'nkhalango ya steppe ndi steppe, ndipo nthawi zina mumakhala m'nkhalango. Ku Krasnodar Territory, amakhala kumadera a Novorossiysk, Gelendzhik, Mezbay ndi Psebai.

Mbalameyi ndi yaing'ono. Imafanana ndi mbalame yam'madzi, koma imakhala ndi chiwombankhanga. Mchira wa chiwombankhanga ndi wautali, mapiko ake ndi mamita 1.3. Mlomowu umapopedwa ndi waufupi.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafunde a mphungu izi. Mmodzi ndi wakuda, wofiira-bulauni, nthawi zina wofiira kapena golidi. Zina ndi zofiira zofiira ndi pansi pamdima. Chidwi cha mbalame ndi mutu waukulu ndi miyendo yamphamvu.

Sintha

Strepet ndi mbalame yosawerengeka imene imakhala mu steppe. Icho ndi cha banja la adiresi. Mtundu wa mbalame pamwambayo ndi mchenga kapena bulauni ndi mawanga wakuda, mimba ndi yoyera. Pakati pa nyengo ya mating, mvula yamphongo imasintha - khosi limakhala lakuda ndi mikwingwirima yoyera.

Kuthamanga kwa mbalameyi ndi kopambana. Zikuwoneka kuti amanjenjemera kapena amanjenjemera, akuyimba mluzu. Mizere imakhala mwa awiri awiri ndipo imasonkhanitsa ziweto pokhapokha isanayambe kuwuluka kupita ku nyengo yozizira.

Ku Kuban nyerere za mbalame ku dera la Novopokrovsky ndi ku peninsula ya Taman, paulendo wawo womwe umakumana nawo pa gombe la Black Sea. Chifukwa cha kusaka ndi kuchepetsa dera losawonongeka, anthu akucheperachepera.

Quakwah

Kvakva vulgaris imatchedwa heon nocturnal m'njira ina. Iye samawoneka mochuluka ngati banja lake. Mosiyana ndi zitsamba zina, milomo yake, miyendo ndi khosi sizitali. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mabala a bulauni. Akamakula, mtundu umasintha. Mbali ndi mimba zimakhala zoyera, mzere wakuda umatulukira kumbuyo kuchokera kumlomo. Nthenga zochepa zoyera zimakula kumbuyo kwa mutu.

Kvakva akukhazikika pafupi ndi matupi a madzi ndi zomera zowirira komanso m'nkhalango. Amakhala kumayiko onse, kupatula ku Antarctica ndi Australia. Masana sichigwira ntchito ndipo akhoza kukhala chete kwa maola ambiri. Pokufika madzulo, "imakhala ndi moyo" ndipo imayamba kusaka achule ndi nsomba.