Mbiri ya Dali Grybauskaite. Ntchito za ndale komanso moyo waumwini

Wolemba ndale aliyense amagwira ntchito yosindikizira, yomwe ili yokonzeka kukumba mumdima wakale, ngakhale mu nsalu yakuda ya nthumwi ya "mphamvu za dziko lino lapansi," kuyembekezera kuti phokoso lalikulu kapena zochepa zowonjezereka zikuchitika.

Kuyambira

Tsopano akuchita ndi kuthamanga kwa nthawi yachiwiri, Purezidenti wa Lithuania, Dalia Grybauskaitė, yemwe mbiri yake imakhala yeniyeni kwa onse ndale ku malo a Soviet, posachedwapa akhala nkhani yokhudza kufufuza zochitika zamoyo komanso nthawi zina zokondweretsa.

Iye anabadwa pa March 1, 1956 mu banja la Vilnius losayembekezereka. Wolemba ndale wam'tsogolo adaphunzira sukulu ya sekondale: diploma inali yodzaza ndi "troika". Mwina ndichifukwa chake mayunivesite anayenera kuyembekezera ndi kugwira ntchito monga antchito wamba mu dipatimenti ya antchito a chipani cha Philharmonic, koma kwa nthawi yaitali sikunali kokwanira: chaka chimodzi mtsikana wamng'ono wofuna kutchuka adachokera kumpoto waukulu.

Mbiri ya Dali Grybauskaite m'nthaŵi ya Leningrad imaonedwa kuti ndi yosamvetsetseka. Bukuli likunena kuti poyamba iye anali wogwira ntchito wamba (monga pulezidenti mwiniwakeyo akukumbukira), ndiyeno amasamukira ku labotale ya mankhwala yotchedwa "Rot Front".

Chimene chinali chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yandale watsopano, sichikudziwika, koma ntchito ku fakitale inapereka ubwino wambiri wosatsutsika: choyamba, ufulu wa nthawi yotchedwa. Kulepheretsa kulembetsa, zomwe sizinali zophweka kuchokera ku dziko lakutali kupita kwa mtsikana, ndipo kachiwiri, ntchito yofunikira yogwira ntchito, yothandiza pololedwa ku yunivesite yapamwamba, yomwe inali Leningrad State University. Zhdanov.

Maphunziro:

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti biography ya Dalia Grybauskaite imatsimikizira chimodzi chokha: sanatenge cholinga ndi chipiriro. Mu 1976, polojekiti ya madzulo a Dipatimenti Yophunzitsa za Economics ya Leningrad State University inachitika. Pulezidenti wotsatira sadachoke ku fakitaleyo. Masiku anzathu akusukulu amakondwerera kuganizira mwakuya, kuphunzira zambiri komanso kusawonongeka kwa moyo waumwini. Makhalidwe oterewa adayambitsa malingaliro ambiri.

Atamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite, mu 1983, wophunzira wa dzulo uja anabwerera kwawo. Kuwonjezera apo, zochitika zina zomwe zikuchitika mtsogolomu zimatsimikizira kuti ntchito yake siinali "kukakamiza ngolo zonyamula katundu", monga momwe Grybauskaite akutsimikizira, koma mwachangu chosasunthika pagulu. M'maganizo a anzake a m'kalasi, akuwoneka ngati membala wa Komsomol wokhala ndi zolinga, wokhazikika, wotsutsa komanso wosasokonezeka.

Chidziwitso cha ntchito

Mwinamwake bukuli liri ndi ufulu wokhalapo, pambuyo pake, atabwerera ku Lithuania, anapita kuntchito osati kwinakwake, koma monga mphunzitsi ku Sukulu Yapamwamba. Dipatimenti yophunzitsa imeneyi yatulutsa ndondomeko zambiri za Soviet komanso nthawi ya Independent ya Lithuania. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti adaloledwa kuphunzitsa, osakhala ndi maphunziro aliwonse , koma kukhala membala wa CPSU tsopano adanyansidwa naye.

Mu 1988, kusamvetsetsana kosautsa ndi kusakhala kolembedwa kunakonzedweratu: chitetezo chopambana chinapatsidwa korona ndi chakuti Academy Council ya Academy of Social Sciences yowunikira Komiti Yaikulu ya CPSU inavomereza umodzi kuti ipereke wophunzira Ph.D.

Panthawi imeneyo Soviet Union inayamba "kusokoneza." Moyo wa anthu a Baltic ulikulirakulira, ukufuna kuti ufulu ukhale womveka, koma mpaka 1991 palibe chidziwitso cholimbana ndi moto ndi boma la Dalí Grybauskaitė. Mbiri yake imanena kuti kumayambiriro kwa 1990 iye ankagwira ntchito mwakhama kuntchito yake, kenako adakhala mlembi wa sayansi ku Institute of Economics ndipo ankawoneka akulosera kuti zinthu zikuchitika mofulumira.

Chiyambi cha ntchito zandale

Momwe anatha kukana anzanu akale sadziwika (ndipo mtsogoleri wapamodzi wa pulezidenti wamtsogolo adakakamizidwa kuti athawire kudziko lina), koma kale mu 1991, Dalia Grybauskaite adakhalapo mu ndale, zomwe zimamveka ngati nsomba m'madzi kufikira lero.

Chinthu cholimbikitsa chinali kuphunzira ku US: Pulezidenti wamtsogolo adatsiriza maphunziro ku yunivesite ya Georgetown. Kuyambira nthawiyi, ntchito ya Dalia Grybauskaite yodziwika bwino ikuyamba: biography ili ndi maudindo apamwamba - kuchokera kwa mkulu wa Dipatimenti ya Utumiki wa International Economic Relations mu 1991 kwa Mtumiki wa zachuma mu 2001. Ndinakwanitsa kugwira ntchito monga mtumiki wovomerezeka ku ambassy mu United States, komanso mlembi wodabwitsa ku EU.

Dziko la Lithuania litaloledwa kulowa ku EU, Grybauskaite idatumizidwa ku European Commission, kumene safuna kuchita maphunziro ndi chikhalidwe, koma pofika mu November 2004 ntchito yake ikugwirizananso ndi chuma: iye ndi komiti yothandizira ndalama ndi bajeti.

Purezidenti

Panthawi imeneyi, kutchuka kwake kukukula mofulumira. Pulezidenti Dalia Grybauskaitė, yemwe chithunzi chake chikuwonekera kwambiri m'mabuku osiyanasiyana, akupeza makina abwino kwambiri: amayerekezedwa ndi Margaret Thatcher, ndipo mu 2005 adatchedwanso "European Commissioner of the Year". Zomwe zikuchitika mmbuyo pakukonzekera bajeti ya Ulaya zimalandira ndemanga zabwino.

Pakalipano, mavuto aakulu akuyamba kulemera kwa chuma cha Lithuania, ndipo Dalia Grybauskaite, yemwe ntchito yake yandale ikutha, akutsutsa akuluakulu a dzikoli, ndipo nthawi zina amatsutsa kwambiri za ndale.

Mu 2008, iye amakhala "mkazi wa chaka" kunyumba, chomwe chiri chothandiza kwambiri: chaka chotsatira Grybauskaite ikuyenderera mpurezidenti ndipo akugonjetsa mwachigonjetso pozungulira koyamba, kulandira voti zitatu (69.2%) ya voti. Ngakhale iyi ndi mbiri, palibe amene adalandira chidaliro chotero mpaka pano.

Ubale ndi Russia

Mndandanda wa ndale wa mtsogoleri wamba wa bungwe lalikulu la Baltic akhoza kufotokozedwa ngati nkhanza, anti-Soviet ndi anti-Russian. Popeza kuti Dalia Grybauskaite anali wotchuka pa ubwana wake, komanso kukhala membala wake ku Komsomol ndi CPSU, udindo umenewu nthawi zina umapangitsa kuti agone.

Palibe amene amatsutsa mwatsatanetsatane Kremlin ndipo mwiniwake Purezidenti wa Russian Federation, monga mayi woyamba ku Kilithuania. Mauthenga a Grybauskaite ponena za boma la Putin, mafotokozedwe otseguka pa nkhani ya "boma lauchigawenga," kuteteza thandizo la Ukraine mu nkhondoyi kumamupangitsa iye kukhala khalidwe losasangalatsa kwa akuluakulu a Russia. Mwina izi ndi zomwe amalephera kuchita m'mayesero ambiri, chifukwa biography ya Dalia Grybauskaite imapereka malo ambiri oganiza.

Ndale zandale

Pambuyo pa zokambirana ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana, pulezidenti wa ku Kilithuania adalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuchokera ku Russian Federation: woimira Utumiki Wachilendo Anamuuza kuti "akwiyitse fuseti ya Komsomol ndi kuchoka m'madera osiyanasiyana a Soviet kale."

Mavuto pamsika, omwe anakhazikitsidwa ndi mbali ya Russia, adafunanso kuti pulezidenti amveke kuti zidzakhala zosavuta, koma sizinagwire ntchito ku Gribauskait: pofunsa mafunsowa kwa Air Force, adanena kuti sangalankhulane ndi Purezidenti wa Russia mpaka Pewani ndondomeko yake yowawa.

Pambuyo pake izi zinasokonezeka. December 9, 2014 Aphungu a European Parliament adapeza m'mabuku awo a makalata buku la wolemba mabuku wa Lithuanian Ruta Janutene, momwe biography ya Dalia Grybauskaite idatumizidwa ndi mbali yosasangalatsa. Chithunzithunzi chabwino kwambiri cha Chingerezi, chivundikiro chakuda chofiira ndi chofiira, mosakayika, ndalama zinagulitsidwa chifukwa chokhumudwa kwambiri.

Kuwuza kuti bukuli ndi lochititsa manyazi sikuti lizinena chilichonse: Dalia Grybauskaite, amene zithunzi zake zimadzaza pa intaneti nthawi yomweyo, amatsutsidwa ndi kugwirizana ndi KGB, kupusa mtima, ntchito zamakono. Kukonda dziko lino pakadali kumatchulidwa "pepala lina" muzofalitsa za "Red Dale".

Zidzakhala zovuta kuthetsa milanduyi pulezidenti. Ulaya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino pankhani ya mbiri yoopsya: "Kaya adaba kanthu, kapena ngati chinachake chinaba kuchokera kwa iye ... panali mbiri yamdima kumeneko."

Moyo waumwini wa mutu wa boma

Kuimbidwa kwaufulu ndi kusayenerera kunakwaniritsanso cholinga china mwadzidzidzi: moyo wa pulezidenti ndi chinsinsi ndi zisindikizo zisanu ndi ziwiri: iye sali pabanja ndipo sanakhalepo pabanja. Ana a mayi wazaka 59 samatero. Makina opanga chikasu anayesera "kusonkhanitsa" zomwe sizinali zachilendo zogonana, zomwe wandale amatsutsa mwachangu, kuchititsa nthabwala zoopsa.

Mu gawo la Russia la intaneti, Dalia Grybauskaitė (moyo waumwini, ndondomeko ya zithunzi) imakhalanso chinthu chofufuzira ndi kulingalira kopanda phindu mobwerezabwereza. Palibe umboni wotsutsana ndi abambo: M'malo mwake, akunena kuti adali ndi chibwenzi ndi mkulu wa akuluakulu a Soviet omwe anathyola mtima wake.

Zomwe amakumbukira antchito akale amanena kuti Gribauskaite ndi membala wa komiti ya chigawo cha Komsomol: pamodzi naye ankawoneka "akupsompsonana pa mabenchi" pamdima. Ndi chikhalidwe chodabwitsa ichi, ntchitoyi imalumikizidwanso ndi aphunzitsi ku Vilnius VPSS, kumene kunali kovuta kukhala opanda digiri ya maphunziro, ndi "kuthamanga" kwadzidzidzi mu 1988, ndi "zachilendo" khalidwe mu 1990, pamene mayiko a Baltic anapeza ufulu.

Mafunso osavuta

Zolankhani sizitanthauza kuti "mphamvu yachinayi": Purezidenti wa Lithuania Dalia Grybauskaitė, yemwe mbiri yake ili ndi mdima, akukakamizika kuti ayankhe mafunso osamvetsetseka: mwachitsanzo, anali bambo ake, Polikarpas Gribauskas, antchito a NKVD. Wolemba ndale amanena kuti sanachite, iye ankagwira ntchito ngati woponya moto (mwana wopereka ndalama ngakhale atatenga chikalata kuchokera ku Lithuanian Center for Study of Genocide and Resistance).

Iwo amafunsanso ngati mbiri ya Dali Gribauskaite ili ndi mbiri yochititsa manyazi yokhudza kugwirizana kwake ndi KGB. Akumenyedwa ndi olemba nyuzipepala, Akazi a Pulezidenti akunena kuti panthawi yophunzira ndi kugwira ntchito ku Leningrad anali wophunzira wamba komanso wogwira ntchito ku fakitale.

Apolisi a Soviet Post

Kunena zoona, anthu olamulira lero a LSSR anali ndi mbiri yosavomerezeka potsutsa umbanda. Purezidenti wakale Brazauskas ndi chikominisi. Mtsogoleri wamakono wa Ministry of Foreign Affairs Linas Linkevičius ndi kotsomol wotsutsa. Mtsogoleri wa komiti ya chisankho, yemwe adagwira ntchito yake kwazaka 20, Zenonas Vaigauskas - wamba, wolemba nkhani yotsutsa za "atate wa anthu onse" Iosif Vissarionovich.

Ndipotu, nkokayikitsa kuti malingaliro ndi ofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wa ndale: mphamvu siyendetsedwa "mwadongosolo" koma "chifukwa". Ndipo ngati izi ziyenera kukhala membala wa Komsomol ali ndi zaka 14, kapena chikominisi mu 27 - masewerawa ndi ofunikira kandulo. Momwemonso Dalia Grybauskaite ali wachinyamata, izi zinali zotsutsana ndi zomwe adanena muzaka zaposachedwapa.

Ambiri amalinganiza izi ndi mphamvu yake yotsutsa-Russian, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti kale kugwirizana ndi maganizo a chikominisi ndi bodza. Komabe, zifukwa zoterozo ndizopanda ndale wina wa Soviet, yemwe ndi Dalia Grybauskaite. Biography, banja - kaya Pulezidenti mwiniwakeyo anali wachangu wa Komsomol, kaya abambo ake adagwirizana ndi NKVD - zonsezi poona kuti palibe chiwerengero cha mdima wa chikominisi wamdima, sichikutheka. Zolembedwa za KGB zamphamvu zonse kusungiratu zinsinsi zawo mosamala, ndipo mabodza ambirimbiri opangidwa ndi makina osindikizira amatha kutaya choonadi chirichonse.