Mipweya lightest. Katundu wa hayidirojeni, mpweya ndi asafe

Mpweya - mmodzi wa mayiko a zinthu. Iye alibe buku yeniyeni, nadzaza chidebe lonse, ili. Koma fluidity ndi osalimba. Kodi mpweya wopepuka ali kumeneko? Kodi iwo yodziwika?

Mipweya lightest

Dzina yakuti "mpweya" anayamba kubwerera mu m'ma XVII, chifukwa consonance ndi mawu akuti "chisokonezo." Particulate nkhaniyo Inde, wachisokonezo. Iwo amasunthira mu dongosolo mwachisawawa, kusintha njira yodutsamo nthawi iliyonse pamene anakumana ndi mzake. Iwo amayesa kudzaza danga zonse zilipo.

mamolekyulu mpweya ndi ofooka womangidwa pamodzi, mosiyana mamolekyulu wa madzi ndi zolimba. Ambiri mwa mitundu yake n'zosatheka kumva mwa ziwalo. Koma mpweya ndi makhalidwe ena, mwachitsanzo, kutentha, kuthamanga, osalimba.

kachulukidwe awo kumawonjezera monga ukuwonjezeka kuthamanga, monga iwo kukuza pamene ukuwonjezeka kutentha. The mpweya lightest ndi wa hydrogen, olemera - ureniamu hexafluoride. Mipweya nthawi osokonezeka. Ngati mphamvu zikugwira ntchito yokoka, osakaniza anakhala sakanikira. Easy kukweza lolemera M'malo mwake kupita pansi.

Mipweya lightest - ndi:

• haidrojeni;
• asafe;
• mpweya;
• dziko;
• mpweya.

Mfundo zitatu zoyambirira amatchula gulu ziro ku gome zodziwitsa ndi kulankhula za m'munsimu.

haidrojeni

Amene mpweya ndi lightest? yankho ndi lodziwikiratu - haidrojeni. Ichi ndi chinthu choyamba tebulo nthawi, imene nthawi 14,4 opepuka kuposa mpweya. Izo zinaperekedwa mwa kalata H, mayina Latin Hydrogenium (madzi gendereth). Wa hydrogen ndi mchitidwe wambiri m'chilengedwe chonse. Iye ndi membala ambiri a nyenyezi ndi nkhani interstellar.

M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, haidrojeni kwathunthu vuto lililonse ndipo sanali poizoni ndipo alibe fungo ndi kakomedwe ka mtundu. Mu zinthu zina zikhoza kwambiri kusintha katundu. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza ndi mpweya wa, mpweya mosavuta kuyaka moto.

Iwo akhoza kuyimisa nchito nyumbayi mu pulatinamu, chitsulo, titaniyamu, faifi tambala ndi Mowa. Mwangozi kutentha, izo zimapita kwa boma zachitsulo. molekyulu ake diatomic ndipo ali ndi mathamangidwe mkulu, amene amathandiza kwambiri matenthedwe madutsidwe wa mpweya (nthawi 7 kuposa mpweya).

Padziko lathuli, haidrojeni ndi makamaka malo. Ndi kufunika ndi kuchita mankhwala zako, ndi yokha oxygen. Haidrojeni munali mu mlengalenga, gawo la madzi ndi zinthu organic ku maselo a zinthu zamoyo.

mpweya

Mpweya akusonyeza kalata O (Oxygenium). Iye alibe fungo, kukoma ndi mtundu m'mikhalidwe bwinobwino, ndipo ali mu mkhalidwe gaseous. molekyulu ake mChipangano dioxygen, ngati muli ma atomu aŵiri. Pali mtundu kapena kusinthidwa ake allotropic - Mpweya umene mpweya (O3), wopangidwa mwa mamolekyulu atatu. Ndi buluu ndipo angapo a makhalidwe.

Mpweya ndi wa hydrogen - ambiri ndi zovuta mpweya Padziko Lapansi. The kutumphuka mpweya wathu dziko kwambiri, ndi za 47% ya misa. Mu chikhalidwe ofanana mu madzi muli oposa 80%.

Mpweya ndi mbali yofunika ya moyo wa zomera, zinyama, anthu ndi tizilombo ambiri. Mu thupi la munthu kuti kumathandiza kuti zochita makutidwe ndi okosijeni-kuchepetsa, kulowa mapapo athu ndi mpweya.

Chifukwa katundu wapadera wa mpweya, izo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zolinga mankhwala. Mothandizidwa ndi mzimuwo kuthetsa hypoxia, matenda a m'mimba, kuukira bronchial mphumu. Makampani chakudya ntchito ngati ma CD mpweya. Mu ulimi, mpweya ntchito zawachitikira madzi ndi kuswana nsomba.

asafe

Ngati yapita awiri gasi, tichipeza maatomu awiri asafe, alibe kutchulidwa kakomedwe, kaonekedwe, ndi fungo. Chizindikiro kuti uzipereke izo - Latin kalata N. Pa phosphorous ndi Arsenic adzaupereka kwa subgroup pniktogenov. Mpweya ndi inert kwambiri, umene iye analandira dzina la azote, omwe anamasuliridwa ku French monga "lopanda moyo". Nitrogenium Latin dzina lotanthauza "kubereka nitrate."

Asafe zili zidulo mkati, wotchedwa chlorophyll, hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni ndi lalikulu zikuluzikulu za mlengalenga. wokhutira mu kutumphuka humus lapansi ndi asayansi ambiri kufotokoza kuphulitsa mapiri kuti kulinyamula ku chovala dziko lapansi. M'chilengedwe gasi alipo pa neptunium, ndi ureniamu, gawo la m'mlengalenga dzuwa, ndi zina interstellar danga nebulae.

Munthu amagwiritsa Nayitirojeni makamaka mu madzi mawonekedwe. Izo ntchito mu cryotherapy, ngati sing'anga kwa ma CD ndi kusunga mankhwala. Amaona bwino kwambiri moto nkhondo, okusijeni ndi kuwamana "potpitki" moto. Komabe, ndipamene ndi ziwiya zadothi ndi pakachitsulo. Asafe kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kaphatikizidwe wa mankhwala osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, utoto, mabomba ammonia.

Pomaliza

Amene mpweya ndi zovuta? Ndipo tsopano inu mukudziwa yankho. Akuti Chophweka wa hydrogen, asafe ndi mpweya, zokhudzana ndi gulu ziro a dongosolo lino nthawi. Pambuyo izi kutsatira dziko (mpweya + wa hydrogen) ndi okusayidi mpweya (mpweya + mpweya).