Mitral insufficiency ndi mankhwala ake

Mitral insufficiency - njira pathological akufotokozera zambiri pa matenda otsatirawa: misempha, matenda endokardit.Znachitelno kupatula iye akufotokozera chifukwa cha calcification wa mitral mphete, mtima vavu zotupa mu zokhudza zonse za matendawa kapena zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, komanso aortoarteritis, matenda osachiritsika a minofu connective - syndromes Eilers-Danlos ndi Marfan. Pamene mavuto a zibaluni valvuloplasty n'zothekanso zikamera wa matenda.

Mitral insufficiency akufotokozera chifukwa chotupa wa poyambira kapena minofu papillary, monga infarction m'mnyewa wamtima. Zotsatira za infective endocarditis zotheka mofulumira chiwonongeko kapena kuwonongeka kwa vavu timapepala ta. Pogwira valavu prosthesis angathe zosokonezeka - okoloklapannaya regurgitation.

Wachibale mitral insufficiency ungapezeke chifukwa patsogolo zipinda za mtima (pamene myocardiodystrophy, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, ischemic matenda a mtima).

Pali mitundu iwiri ya insufficiency mitral: pachimake ndi aakulu.

Zizindikiro khalidwe la matenda pachimake ndi maonekedwe a kulephera kumanzere yamitsempha yamagazi ndi inalowa la hypotension ndi edema m'mapapo mwanga. Nthawi zambiri pali matenda fibrillation, zokayikitsa kukhala kumenyedwa matenda.

Matenda mitral regurgitation ndi nthawi yaitali (pafupi zaka 10) Kudzachitika kubisika. Ndiye, pali kale madandaulo khalidwe la matenda a mtima: kufupika kwa mpweya pa yaikulu, kutopa. Mwina maonekedwe zizindikiro Ortner: limapezeka hoarseness chifukwa psinjika za kukula mtima mitsempha kobwereza. Kenako anagwirizana ndi chifuwa ndi hemoptysis, kutupa chifukwa stagnation kutchulidwa mu makope ang'ono ndi lalikulu.

Kuwaona wotero mtima alandire milomo cyanosis. Izi mitral matenda a mtima wofanana ndi zimachitika zili pafupifupi. Mwina tachypnea. The kusamuka kwa kugunda apical amapezeka lamanzere, kumakhaladi akakufunsani ndi kulimbikitsidwa; ndi chidwi mitral regurgitation amapezeka systolic jitter mu pamwamba pa mtima.

Auscultation mitral insufficiency yodziwika ndi maonekedwe systolic kudandaula pa pamwamba, amene bwino imachitika mu dera axillary. Amagwiritsidwanso yodziwika ndi kufooka mu pamwamba pa mtima Ine kamvekedwe.

Mitral mtima zopindika, monga mitral regurgitation amafuna chithandizo kuvomerezedwa, kupatulana - aakulu asymptomatic. Choyamba okodzetsa yoikidwa (furosemide) ndi vasodilators zotumphukira (sodium wochuluka nitroprusside). Kukhala hemodynamics misinkhu wabwinobwino, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwapakati pa-kung'ambika zibaluni counterpulsation.

Opaleshoni mankhwala ikuchitika amaganizira za mmene wodwalayo ndipo chifukwa cha insufficiency mitral. Mwachitsanzo, mu infective endocarditis pachimake mitral vavu insufficiency mu tsiku lotsatira opaleshoni, ndipo m'mnyewa wamtima kukhazikitsa infarction patsogolo kwa mankhwala ndiwofatsa.

Kaya etiology wa wachiwiri zofunika kuchita kupewa endocarditis infective.

Isanayambike zizindikiro kumasonyeza mankhwala opaleshoni. Opaleshoni kusankha - pulasitiki mitral valavu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kwa synchrony kwambiri lamanzere yamitsempha yamagazi chidule ndi sikutanthauza anticoagulation okhazikika. Pamaso pa calcifications ntchito vavu mitral. Annuloplasty ntchito pa matenda a wachibale mitral insufficiency.