Maya anthu - oimira chitukuko lakale

The chidwi lalikulu pakati pa asayansi, olemba mbiri ndi ofukula padziko lonse ndi wakale Mayan chitukuko. Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu ayesa kumasulira chinsinsi amene anasiya anthu Mayan. chitukuko ichi ndi chidwi chenicheni ndi anthu wamba padziko lonse, chifukwa zinsinsi ndi maganizo, zomwe zimayikidwa patsogolo asayansi za kutha kwa dziko. kalendala Mayan anali, chimene, komanso akuyandikira mfundo za kutha pang'ono ndi moyo padziko lapansi.

Koma palibe m'modzi, kotero mokwanira anaphunzira zonse zokhudza Mayan. Kwa nthawi yoyamba za anthu otchulidwa mu 1 Zakachikwi BC. Asayansi apeza kumene ankakhala ndi fuko la Maya. Iwo lokhalamo America Central. Masiku ano, mayiko a kum'mwera kwa Mexico. Komanso, kuda ichi chitukuko wakale apezeka Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras ndi Belize. fuko resettlement anayamba ndi Peten yachonde. Pali analamulira nyengo ndi chinyezi ndi kutentha. Kenako anthu a Maya katswiri gawo latsopano pamodzi ndi mitsinje ndi m'mphepete nyanja.

chitukuko Mayan ndi chimodzi mwa ambiri otukuka. Iwo kuposa nthawi yawo. Akutukuka dziko latsopano, iwo nthawi yomweyo anayamba pokonza iwo. M'madera a Maya midzi anamanga mzinda wa miyala. Iwo anali ndi ulimi bwino anayamba. mafuko awa nakulitsa thonje, koko, chimanga, nyemba, zipatso, dzungu. Mafuko ena ncho mchere.

Za chitukuko cha Maya chitukuko umboni deta kulemba, chimene chakhala bwino katswiri mafuko. Iwo anapereka mu mawonekedwe a m'nkhaniyi. Kalendala Mayan, limene liri zodabwitsa mwatsatanetsatane zojambula, ndi pangano kuzindikira kwambiri m'munda wa zakuthambo.
Ngakhale mkulu mlingo wa chitukuko anthu Mayan sizinachitikepo ogwirizana. Iwo anali ogaŵikana limati osiyana. Chiwerengero cha limati awa anali zikwi khumi anthu. Ndi theka lachiwiri la woyamba Zakachikwi AD, limati aang'ono amenewa anali amphamvu kwambiri. Koma nthawi kuti anthu chinali chapadera. aang'ono awa kucheza ndi anthu onse payekha anali Mayan chitukuko.

The chakudya yaikulu ya kapangidwe boma, chikhalidwe m'madera onse a chitukuko anali yemweyo. Mu dziko lililonse la malamulo a mafumu a mafumu a. Ndiye utsogoleri wolowezana ankakhala zapadera ndi ansembe. Pansipa iwo anali asilikali ndi amalonda anayikidwa. Pa gawo lotsiriza zosiyanasiyana chikhalidwe anali anthu wamba, anthu wamba ndi osema.

Waukulu nyumba kamangidwe ka mzinda uliwonse unali piramidi. kutalika kwake ukufika mamita 15-20. Icho chinali m'manda a amazikonda anthu otchuka. Near piramidi inali nyumba zina zogona. Mayan anamanga nyumba ya laimu. Iwo anali zipinda ndi makonde yopapatiza.

Maya mafuko tcheru kwambiri chipembedzo. Wansembe ukugwira kwambiri anthu chidwi ya boma. Kulambira milungu ndi nsembe anali chikhalidwe. Cholinga cha miyambo awa anali kuonjezera kutalika kwa moyo wa milungu, kuti chiphunzitso cha anthu awa anali wachivundi. Chitetezo cha milungu anali waukulu awo, ndi chifukwa cha mwazi wokhetsedwa wa nyama ndi anthu osalakwa.
Kumapeto kwa woyamba Zakachikwi AD, mafuko anayamba mwadzidzidzi kusiya nyumba zawo. Mfundo imeneyi komabe anapeza tanthauzo yeniyeni. Malinga ndi anthu osiyanasiyana malingaliro kufunafuna dziko latsopano chonde, kapena anali agwidwa ndi mliri wa.

Mu 1517, pachilumbachi anachezeredwa ndi conquistadors Spanish. Iwo anagwira anthu ndi mayiko awo. Maya anthu ambiri unatha. ana awo akukhalabe mu mayiko a America Central.

Spanish agonjetsi anawononga chitukuko Mayan. Anthu mipukutu wapatali ndi kalendala kuti apulumuka, ndi chabe kagawo kakang'ono ka zinthu zakale za chitukuko. A zambiri zakuthupi wapatali anataika pamoto kapena akanangowonongeratu, pamodzi ndi midzi Mayan.