Miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia: kufotokoza, miyambo, mapembedzedwe, ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Pamaso ubatizo wa Lazaro kum'mawa Asilavo ankalambira milungu yambiri yachikunja. chipembedzo chawo ndi nthano unakhudzadi kwambiri pa njira tsiku ndi tsiku. Asilavo ankachita ambiri miyambo yosiyanasiya- mu njira ina yogwirizana ndi gulu la milungu kapena mizimu yamakolo.

Mbiri ya miyambo yachikunja Asilavo

The akale acikunja mwambo wa Chikristu chisanayambe Russia anali mizu achipembedzo. Kum'mawa Asilavo anali gulu lawo. Amaphatikiza milungu yambiri, imene ambiri akhoza kukhala mizimu ya chikhalidwe anafotokoza. Miyambo, mapembedzedwe ndi miyambo ya Asilavo wolingana miyambo ya zilombo izi.

muyeso ina yofunika ya makhalidwe a anthu anali kalendala. miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia zambiri chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi tsiku lenileni. Izo zikhoza kukhala tchuthi kapena tsiku kulambira mulungu winawake. Chotero kalendala wasenza pa mibadwo yambiri. Pang'onopang'ono, iye anayamba mogwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka chuma, imene wamba la Russia moyo.

Pamene, mu 988, Grand Prince Vladimir Wamkulu anabatizidwa dziko lake, anthu anayamba pang'onopang'ono kuyiwala za miyambo yawo yakale yachikunja. Kumene, mnjira zachikunja anapita bwino pena paliponse. Nthawi zambiri anthu kumbuyo chikhulupiriro chawo chakale m'manja. Komabe, ngakhale kwa chikunja XII atumwi anali gawo la okanidwa ndi kuwapatula. Komano, zina maphwando yapita ndi miyambo anali kukhala mwamtendere ndi Chikhristu ndi kutenga mawonekedwe atsopano.

anangotchula

Kodi miyambo yachikunja ndipo miyambo ndi mmene angathandizire? The Asilavo anawapatsa kwambiri zothandiza nzeru. Miyambo atazungulira aliyense wokhala mwa Russia onse moyo wake kaya fuko ali wa ukwati.

Aliyense atabadwa yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwake anadutsa anangotchula mwambo. Pakuti anthu akunja azifunitsa kusankha dzina mwana wawo, kunali kofunika. Mmalo ankadalira tsoka la munthu, makolo zingadziŵike ndi njira kwa ndithu nthawi yaitali. Mwambo panali tanthauzo lina. Dzina munthu amakhazikitsa ubale ndi banja lake. Nthawi zambiri zingadziŵike kumene Chisilavo mpikisano.

miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia nthawi zonse apamaliro achipembedzo. Choncho, kukhazikitsidwa kwa dzina la ana akhanda akhoza kutenga malo opanda nawo Amagi. anyanga awa, malinga ndi zikhulupiliro za Asilavo, anatha kulankhula ndi mizimu. Iwo anakonza kusankha makolo, titero, "povomera" ndi milungu yake ya gulu zachikunja. Mwazina, anangotchula wakhanda potsiriza anapanga atamva kuti chikhulupiriro chakalekale Asilavo.

Raskreschivanie

Anangotchula anali woyamba kuvomerezedwa mwambo kudzera amene aliyense wa Asilavo mpikisano. Koma mwambo sanali otsiriza, ndipo osati munthu chabe. Kodi pakhala Chikristu chisanayambe zachikunja miyambo ya Russia? Mwachidule, kamodzi iwo onse chifukwa cha zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo, ndiye panali mwambo wina, amene amalola munthu kuti abwerere chifuwa cha chikhulupiriro mayi. mwambo wotchedwa mbiri yakale raskreschivaniem.

Inde, ena mwa Asilavo izo wapereka mwayi kusiya Chikhristu ndi kubwerera ku chipembedzo cha makolo awo. Kuti ayeretsedwe chikhulupiriro mlendo, kunali koyenera kupita ku kachisi. Ilo linali dzina la kachisi wachikunja, cholinga kuchititsa mwambo. Malowa zibisika mu nkhalango akutali kwambiri a Russia kapena minda yaing'ono woyendera nthambi steppe. Iye akhapidziwa kuti kuno, kutali chitukuko ndi midzi yaikulu, Amagi kulankhula ndi milungu ndi pacimake.

Munthu pofuna kusiya latsopano Greek mlendo chikhulupiriro, kubweretsa mboni zitatu. Izi anali adamfunsa ndi miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia. Kalasi 6 kusukulu, malinga ndi pulogalamu muyezo kuphunzira pamwamba chabe chenicheni cha nthawi. Chisilavo anagwada ndi wamatsenga kuziwerenga kuwerenga - pamtima mizimu ndi milungu ndi pempho kuchotsa atsogoleri kungotaya matenda awowo. Kumapeto kwa mwambowu anafunika kuonetsetsa kuti kutenga kuviika mu mtsinje pafupi (kapena amasamba) kumaliza mwambo ndi malamulo onse. Zoterozo zinali ndiye miyambo ndi. Chikunja chikhulupiriro, mizimu ya malo opatulika - zonse izi kwambiri kuti aliyense Chisilavo. Choncho raskreschivanie anali zosayembekezereka kawirikawiri mu zaka X-XI. Ndiye anthu zionetsero ndi nduna Kiev State mfundo umalimbana m'malo chikunja Orthodox Christianity.

ukwati

The Asilavo akale Russia ankaona ukwati chochitika potsiriza anatsimikizira kulowa kwa mnyamata kapena mkazi mukadzakula. Komanso, moyo wopanda mwana anali chizindikiro wotsika, chifukwa Pankhaniyi mwamuna kapena mkazi sali mtundu wake. achibale achikulire ankachitira ndi chiweruzo undisguised.

miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia osiyana zina, malingana ndi dera komanso mgwirizano mafuko. Komabe, zonse chikhumbo zofunika za ukwati anali nyimbo. Iwo anachita pa nthawiyi mawindo a nyumba, amene anayamba kukhala angolowa kumene m'banja. Pa tebulo chikondwerero aike wa masikono, mikate, mazira, mowa ndi vinyo. Azichitira chachikulu chinali ukwati mkate, zomwe, mwa zinthu zina, wakhala chizindikiro cha kuchuluka ndi chuma cha banja m'tsogolo. Choncho, ankauwotcha ndi sikelo wapadera. Long ukwati anayamba ndi matchmaking. Kumapeto kwa mkwati kunali koyenera kupereka bambo mkwatibwi dipo.

housewarming

Banja lililonse achinyamata anasamukira ku nyumba zawo. Kusankha malawi mu Asilavo wakale anali mwambo zofunika. Ndiye nthano zikuphatikizapo zolengedwa ambiri oipa amene akanatha kutsogolera kuwonongeka kwa nyumba. Choncho, kwawo anasankhidwa mosamala kwambiri. Kuchita izi, ntchito zamatsenga kuwombeza. Dzoma lonse angatchedwe mwambo housewarming, popanda zomwe zinali zosatheka kuti aganizire chiyambi cha moyo zonse monga anaonekera banja.

chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya Lazaro achikunja nthawi Mkhristu zogwirizana ndi mzake. Choncho, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti ena mwa miyambo yakale analipo m'chigawo ndi chigawo mpaka m'ma XIX. Pali njira zingapo kuti aone ngati malo ndi oyenera kumanga tinyumba ta. Iye sakanakhoza kusiya mphika usiku ndi kangaude mkati. Ngati arthropod anatambasulira ukonde, zikutanthauza kuti malo oyenera. Komanso anayesedwa chitetezo cha ntchito ng'ombe. Ichi chidachitika motere. Nyama msipu pa munda lalikulu. Malo ng'ombe pansi, ndiponso wosangalala kwa kanyumba latsopano.

caroling

The Asilavo anali gulu osiyana makhalidwe otchedwa circumvention. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo ankaganiza caroling. mwambo Izi pachaka molumikizana ndi chiyambi cha latsopano pachaka mkombero. Ena achikunja zikondwerero Asilavo (Asilavo maholide Russia) anapulumuka zachikunja za dziko. Izi zinali ndi caroling. It akuzisunga mbali zambiri za mwambo akale achikunja, ngakhale anayamba nthawi ya Orthodox Khirisimasi.

Koma ngakhale Asilavo kwambiri wakale mwambo wa tsiku kusonkhanitsa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, akuyamba anyalanyaza midzi mbadwa pofunafuna goodies. Mu misonkhano imeneyi, monga ulamuliro, kokha achinyamata anatenga gawo. Komanso, analinso ndi zosangalatsa chikondwerero. Kolyadovschiki ryadilis mu masuti skomoroshnye nayesa nyumba yoyandikana ndi yolengeza makamu awo za chikondwerero adziwitse la kubadwa kwatsopano kwa dzuwa. Izi anatanthauza mapeto a fanizo lakale la mkombero yapachaka. Ryadilis zambiri nyama zakutchire kapena zovala zoseketsa.

Kalinov mlatho

Chinsinsi chikhalidwe wachikunja anali mipingu m'manda. Iye anamaliza moyo wake wapadziko lapansi wa munthu ndi abale ake, kotero tiwonana kwa wakufayo. Malinga dera, akamanena za maliro a Asilavo anasintha. Nthawi zambiri, munthu m'manda mwa, imene, popanda thupi, kuika katundu wa womwalirayo kuti kumutumikira moyo wina pambuyo. Komabe, migwirizano mafuko ndi Krivichy Vyatichi, Mosiyana, waperekedwa mwambo kuyatsa womwalirayo pamtengo.

Culture Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia inachokera pa nkhani zambiri m'nthano. Mwachitsanzo, kuikidwa inkachitikira monga mwa chikhulupiriro cha Kalinovoye mlatho (mlatho kapena Star). Mu nthano Asilavo linali dzina la mayendedwe a dziko la akufa m'dziko, zomwe moyo wa munthu unachitikira pambuyo pa imfa yake. Mlatho anakhala yosalephera ambanda, ndi ambanda, onyenga ndipo ogwiririra.

Mtembo zapita kutali, lomwe limaimira ulendo wa moyo wa womwalirayo moyo wina pambuyo. Kenako, thupilo anaikidwa pa kuba. Ilo linali dzina la maliro pyre. nthambi zake zapolonyayut ndi udzu. Akufa munthu atavala mikanjo yoyera. Kuwonjezera iye, kuwotchedwa ndi ngakhale mphatso zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chakudya chikumbutso. thupi inazingidwa kugona mu njira ya mapazi anu kumadzulo. Bonfire anayatsa wansembe kapena banja mkulu.

maliro phwando

Enumerating amene anali miyambo yachikunja mu Chikristu chisanayambe Russia, osanenapo phwando maliro. Anali mutu wa gawo lachiwiri la maliro. Mpheroyi phwando maliro limodzi ndi kuvina, masewera ndi mipikisano. Kuchitanso nsembe ndi pemphero gulu kuti mizimu ya makolo. Anathandiza kutonthozedwa anapulumuka.

Makamaka wapadera maliro phwando anali pa nkhani ya maliro a asilikali amene anatsogolera kwawo kwa adani ndi alendo. Ambiri a Chikristu chisanayambe Asilavo miyambo ndi miyambo zochokera mwambo wa mphamvu. Choncho, amuna ntchito mtanda anthu ulemu wapadera monga nzika wamba, amuna anzeru amene amadziwa kulankhula ndi mizimu ya makolo. Pa maphwando anali anamanganso titchuke wolimba mtima komanso otchuka ndi Ankhondo.

kuwombeza

Zambiri ndiponso zosiyanasiyana anali wakale Asilavo kuwombeza. chikhalidwe Mkhristu ndi miyambo yachikunja yosakaniza ndi X-XI zaka., Kumanzere lero miyambo ndi zikhalidwe za mtundu uwu ambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo zambiri kulosera okhala Russia atayika ndipo aiwala. Ena mwa iwo anapulumutsidwa mu zikomo otchuka kukumbukira ntchito mosamala folklorists zaka makumi angapo.

Kuwombeza zochokera kulambira Asilavo m'zigawozigawo zachilengedwe - .. Mitengo, miyala, madzi, moto, mvula, dzuwa, mphepo, etc. Other miyambo chonchi kudziwa tsogolo lake, kunachitika mu apilo ku mizimu ya anthu akufa. Pang'onopang'ono anapanga wapadera kalendala Asilavo zochokera m'zinthu zachilengedwe umene anali kutsimikizidwa pamene ndi bwino kusunga kungoganizira.

Zamatsenga miyambo zinali zofunika kuti tipeze chimene chidzakhala thanzi la abale, dzinthu, mbewu kuchokera kwa ziweto, chuma, ndi zina zotero. D. Ambiri anali kungoganizira za ukwati ndi mkwati adziwitse kapena mkwatibwi. Pofuna kuchita mwambo, ndi Asilavo anasonkhana mu kutali kwambiri, ndipo kopanda malo - anasiya nyumba, mtengo minda, manda, etc. Izi zinachitika chifukwa icho chinali anthu mizimu amene aphunzira ndi tsogolo ...

Usiku wa Ivan Kupala

Chifukwa cha otalikirana ndi chosakwanira mbiri yakale nthawi kuti miyambo yachikunja Chikhristu chisanayambe Russia Mwachidule, akhala pang'ono kuphunzira. Komanso, lero akhala kwambiri kuswana pansi akuganizira shoddy "kufufuza" olemba osiyana. Koma pali ulamuliro ndi kuchotserapo. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi usiku chikondwerero cha Ivan Kupala.

M'phwando dziko anali mosamalitsa wina deti - 24 June. Lero (kapena m'malo usiku) limafanana ndi chilimwe yozizira - yochepa pamene masana ukufika mbiri pachaka nthawi yake. Kubvesa bwino kwa Asilavo Ivan Kupala, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zimene miyambo yachikunja anali mu Chikristu chisanayambe Russia. Kufotokozera za holide imeneyi ikupezeka mu mbiri angapo (mwachitsanzo Gustynsky).

Mwambowu akuyamba ndi chakuti chikumbutso anakonza mbale amene anakhala nsembe pokumbukira makolo adachoka. chikhumbo china chofunika usiku ndi kusambira lalikulu mtsinje kapena nyanja, komwe achinyamata m'dera nawo. Iye akhapidziwa kuti pa madzi Midsummer mphamvu zamatsenga ndiponso machiritso. Nthawi zambiri ntchito kusamba akasupe wopatulika. Iwo anali wolumikizana ndi mfundo imeneyi, malinga ndi zikhulupiriro za Asilavo wakale, m'madera ena pa mitsinje wamba wodzala ndi mermaids ndi mizimu zoipa, wokonzeka panthawi kuba munthu pansi.

Waukulu mwambo Kupala usiku anali motowo moto mwambo. Onse kumidzi achinyamata kusonkhana madzulo nkhuni akukupangitsani zokwanira mpaka m'mawa. Circle kuvina mozungulira moto, kulumpha pa iye. Malinga ndi nthano, moto umenewu sizinali zophweka, ndi chiyeretso ku mizimu yoipa. Near moto anali kukaona akazi onse. Musati inu tchuthi ndipo sanali nawo mwambo kuti ndi mfiti.

Kupala usiku kunali kosatheka kuyerekezera popanda lotayirira mwambo. Ndi isanayambike pa holide ya m'deralo nyenyezi kudziletsa mwachizolowezi. Kukonderera achinyamata aziba ndi kulangidwa zinthu mayadi anthu ena, kuchotsa kumudzi kwawo kapena kuponya padenga. Pa m'misewu munali anamangidwira okwatiranawo azithunzithunzi zimene zinkachitika onse a mumzindawo. Young anatembenuka ngolo ya caulk chimneys ndi T. D. Malinga ndi miyambo ya nthawi, makhalidwe amenewa mwambo limaimira celebratory lomwa nsikidzi. Panaikidwa kokha usiku umodzi. Ndi mapeto a holide kumbuyo m'dera alipidwa moyo mpandawo.