Ndi mawu chiyani? osambira yakale yoyendera in Ancient Rome

Kuyambira kukambirana zimene mawu ayenera amanena za chikhalidwe wakale chakale Greece. Pali kale nthawi yathu ino pamene nyumba za nzika olemera ndi zolimbitsa thupi - mtundu wa sukulu ndi maphunziro - kulenga malo osambira, mwayi umene unali wotseguka ku obwera onse. Komabe, chitukuko apamwamba mtundu uwu wa chikhalidwe Mediterranean anali mu Roma.

Miyambo, anapereka ku Roma

Anayambitsa mwambo wa yomanga malo osambira, otchedwa "mawu" mfumu wa Roma Agrippa, amene analamulira mu nthawi mu zaka 25 mpaka 19 pamaso yathu ino. Aphedwe, iye anapatsa zolengedwa zake ntchito ufulu kwa anthu onse a City Wamuyaya, ndipo m'malo anathandiza kanthu. ndi mawu chiyani, Aroma ankadziwa kale. yofunika kwambiri imeneyi ankaimba pafupi zikulumikizana malonda ndi ndale ndi Greece, koma ndi dzanja kuwala Agrippa anatha onsewo kuzindikira kupambana uwu wa chitukuko.

Osambira ku Rome popanda kutaya cholinga chake zinchito, inasanduka khalidwe lenileni la mwanaalirenji. Anapanga mitundu mtengo wa nsangalabwi ndi kochulukira chokongoletsedwa ndi Zithunzi, ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli zopangidwa miyambo yabwino luso lakalekale. NdiAmene akuti sanalekerere zikutanthauza mizati aliyense akuthandiza arches wa nyumba kapena zitseko zamkuwa chokongoletsedwa ndi ziwembu zosamvetsetseka.

Features osambira a Aroma

Characteristically, mawu mu Rome safuna Kutentha madzi - poyamba anamanga pafupi ndi akasupe a madzi otentha ndi kutentha 37-40 ° C, imene dzina lake ndi analandira. madzi ofunda wodzazidwa ndi maiwe ambiri kusambira, ndipo zosalira ndalama zambiri zasintha kawiri kapena katatu pa tsiku.

Ancient osambira osiyanasiyana zipangizo ndi mawonekedwe mkati, koma iwo ndithudi anali chipinda, adali ndi cholinga koletsedwa kumatanthauza. Kudutsa kwa wina ndi mzake, osambira mlendo kwa maola angapo anapanga lonse kuvala mkombero.

Njira ya mtendere padziko lapansi

Ndi pamwamba pa onse otchedwa apoditerium akuimira ozizira loka chipinda, kumene izo zinali zabwino kutsika mu msewu, wodzazidwa ndi tsiku chowala. Kenaka tepidarium - ofunda chipinda kumene kutentha si upambana 40 ° C. Chinyezi panali lochepa anakwana 40%.

Kuyambira lero mlendo akulowa kallidarium kumene kutentha mpweya kwambiri kuchuluka n'kukafika pafupifupi 50 ° C ndi chinyezi anali 100% ndipo therefrom, mwachilungamo steamed ndi languid, wadutsa mu nthunzi youma - laconicum. Iye anakhazikitsa kumeneko nyengo anali ofanana ndi anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta ano Chifinishi. Pa kutentha mokwanira mkulu anafika 80 °, chinyezi si upambana 20%.

Komanso, mu chipinda lotsatira, wotchedwa "frigidarium", mwana uyu owonongedwa milungu yachikunja ankayembekezera maiwe awiri wodzazidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndi ozizira. Achita zomwe alandirika lero amatchedwa Mosiyana akusamba. Ndi korona wa mkombero lonse la kusamba anali lavrium. Kumeneko m'manja mwa masseurs aluso iye anali kulawa woona wakumwamba yamtendere.

Luso chipangizo osambira a Aroma

Komabe, kwa kumvetsa bwino zimene mawu, akhoza kunena za funso zipangizo zawo luso choti inu mukhale kufunika kutentha m'nyumba ndi chinyezi. Kuyenera anazindikira kuti pankhani imeneyi amisiri Roma asonyeza luso zapadera. Iwo kothandiza kwambiri chapakati Kutentha dongosolo wakhala akupangidwa amatchedwa "hypocaust".

Madzi ndi mpweya ndi usavutike mu mauvuni anakonza chapansi, anakweza mwa njira yapadera ndi kufalitsidwa cavities makoma, komanso m'kati, amene anali kwa cholinga awiri ❖ kuyanika. Pansi ndi mipanda anakonza kuti zigawo awo akunja chinaperekedwa ku mosamalitsa yotsimikizika kuchuluka kutentha ndi anathandiza aliyense m'nyumba anakhumba kutentha.

Osambira, mzindawo unakhala madera chikhalidwe

Ancient osambira anali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu ndi atangochoka maonekedwe ake anakhala muyezo malo yopuma. Pa nkhani imeneyi, zili anali mofulumira. Chifukwa malo mwangwiro kusamba zovuta adaonjezeredwa gyms, malaibulale ndi malo ngakhale. A udindo wapadera anauzidwa kudya chakudya chimene chinali chifukwa cha kuyendera maofesi osambira, anakhala zinachitika wa odyera ano.

Ine anapulumuka kukumbukira ulemerero anasangalala ndi malo osambira kamodzi wotchuka wa Diocletian - Roma, amene analamulira mu mochedwa III ndi oyambirira IV atumwi. Iwo anamangidwa ku nthawi kuchokera 298 305 chaka, ndiyeno wodzipereka mu ulemu wa mfumu. Iwo analidi nyumba zikuluzikulu, chimakwirira kudera la mahekitala khumi ndi akhoza imodzi malo ogona anthu oposa zikwi zitatu.

Malinga ndi kufotokoza zomwe zilipo za Diocletian osambirapo m'gulu minda, chokongoletsedwa ndi akasupe ambiri ndi pavilions, kuphatikizapo malaibulale, maholo kwa msonkhano, masewera ndi zisudzo. Lero, mu malo awo ndi Republic Square, ndi kumene inali holo chapakati, mpingo wa Katolika inamangidwa.

ndi mawu mu tsiku lathu ndi chiyani?

Masiku ano miyambo anakhazikitsa kumbuyo mu Kale, anaphunzitsidwa umunthu watsopano. Kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi pali ochuluka a iwo anamanga pamaziko a malo bongo komanso zosangalatsa, pamene wina angathe kukhala kumbuyo, kumasuka pambuyo ntchito ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuthetsa nkhawa ndi kukhala nthawi yabwino.

Chitsanzo cha zimenezi ndi "Khvalynsky mawu" - zovuta, ankakhala mu mzinda wa Khvalynsk. peculiarity ake kwagona kuti pali kupezeka kwa alendo akupatsidwa ndi wapoyera mkangano kusambira dziwe. N'zovuta kusonyeza kuti ndi kuseka kwambiri chidzachitikire anthu amene kumira mu madzi ake yozizira pambuyo kutsikatsika kutsetsereka malo otsetsereka ozungulira.

Kuwonjezera yozizira kusambira, "Khvalynsky mawu" kupereka pitani pa gawo saunas awo anafuna kuti anthu zana, kapena kupumula anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta ndi Russian ndi nthambi birch singasiyanitsidwe, komanso onunkhira tiyi kukhetsedwa kwa samovar a. Sanaiwale ndipo amene akufuna kuti ayeretse osati thupi koma moyo. Iwo akhoza kupita mu gawo opatulidwira ku gwero lake, zida ndi dziwe ozizira. Alendo wamng'ono zovuta anamangapo malo osewerera ndi ana, kumene iwo akuyembekezera zambiri zosangalatsa.

Mobile kusamba

Koma masiku ano, kuti tipeze ofunda wabwino ndi kutenga zoipazi kutali osati kupita njira lakutali. Ndi chitukuko pano zipangizo yoyenera akuti (kusamba) ndi cholinga chowapatsa ngakhale yaing'ono kanyumba chilimwe. makampani Modern umabala osiyanasiyana machitidwe osiyana mafoni kuikidwa pamalo ochepa kapena kungoti m'mahema.