Monga panopa malonda mafuta? Monga mtengo kwa mafuta bwanji yachilendo kuwombola msika?

Panopa, mafuta ndi zofunika chigawo chimodzi chuma cha padziko lonse. Ndi osati zopangira kwa kupanga ndi kuchuluka kwa angapange, popanda munthu ano simungathe kulingalira moyo wanga, komanso amachita monga mafuta, choncho m'pofunika kumasula onse. Ambiri amachita chidwi ndi malonda mafuta ndi golide. Kodi kusinthanitsa mafuta ndi chifukwa chake ndi chofunika mtengo wa mafuta, tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani lero.

Kuchokera pa zimene imakhala kalasi mtundu

Mafuta sikuti zofunikira pa dongosolo mphamvu padziko lonse, komanso zida wotchuka kwambiri kusinthanitsa ankagulitsa. Uthenga kawiri kawiri za mitengo mafuta chifukwa cha mavuto onse. Choncho, posapita nthawi, munthu aliyense pali funso, monga tsopano ankagulitsa mafuta ndipo ngati n'zotheka kuti ndalama. Kale chifukwa cha zosonkhanitsira deta chachikulu ndi kusanthula zikuonekeratu kuti zolemba pa gwero awa ankaganizira kwambiri zimene zikuchitika m'dzikoli. Ndipo izo zimapangitsa kumvetsetsa mmene mafuta tsopano malonda chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa amapereka lingaliro la zimene zikuchitika padzikoli. Komanso, nkhambakamwa pa "golide wakuda" mtengo osakhalitsa nthawi zambiri osati osangalatsa, komanso bizinezi.

Mafuta ndi mchere zachilengedwe zimene zimawoneka ngati madzi ndi wochuluka a mtundu wakuda ndi fungo yeniyeni. Amakhala ndi osakaniza zovuta za chimasanduka. osiyana mitundu yambiri ya mafuta. Iwo amasiyana zikuchokera. Wosalira ndi katundu wa mafuta anakhazikitsako mfundo zina. Kawirikawiri Kugawilidwa kwanthaka mafuta sitandade ndi chifukwa mgodi, kumene yotengedwa. Ku otsiriza zimadalira pamaso zosafunika, okhutira sulfure ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu osiyanasiyana alkane. Pa msika dziko ndi sukulu zotsatirazi mafuta:

• Brent. Mwina mtundu wotchuka wa mafuta. Ndi kuyambira mu 1971 monga maziko mitengo pafupifupi theka la mitundu ina. Chifukwa amapangidwa mu North ndi Chinorowe Pacific.
• WTI (West Texas Zokhwimirapo) kapena Kuwala zokoma. kalasi Izi mafuta amati ndi Buku. Atamupopa m'chigawo cha Texas ku United States.
• Urals. Dzina limeneli ndi generalization amatanthauza mafuta, amene yotengedwa mu gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia. Chifukwa amapangidwa ku Far East, Siberia ndi North.
• Siberia Kuwala. Izi zosiyanasiyana wina wa mafuta Russian. Mu izo pang'ono sulfure kuposa m'mbuyomu. zosiyanasiyana Izi amapangidwa m'minda mafuta mu Western Siberia ndi Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.
• Arab Kuwala. zosiyanasiyana Izi opangidwa ku Saudi Arabia.

Msika mafuta

Monga momwe taonera, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ali kusiyana ndi makhalidwe awo khalidwe. Choncho, mtengo iwo sangakhale chimodzimodzi. Iwo aumbike mwa monga momwe zinthu zina iliyonse: pamaziko a kapezedwe ndi kufunika. The chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri mafuta ndi osalimba ake. mitundu kuwala amaonedwa wapatali kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti munthu akhoza kutenga kwambiri mankhwala kuwala mafuta monga petulo. khalidwe lina ndi ochititsa sulfure.

Chotero chochuluka mitundu complicates kumvetsetsa mmene mafuta tsopano malonda. Kuti magawowa kuwunika, chizindikiro pakuyenerera. Pakuti Europe - ndi Brent, US - West Texas Zokhwimirapo kapena Alaska North. Mu chimango cha OPEC kale mu mafuta Arabia lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito buku. Koma tsopano, m'gululi amagwiritsa "mtanga" a sukulu asanu ndi awiri. Koma mafuta Russia, izo zimagulitsidwa pansi zopangidwa anayi. Odziwika kwambiri awa ndi Ural.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Taganizirani za mafuta.

Mafuta malonda mpaka 1970 sanali monga opindulitsa monga izo ziriri tsopano. Mbiya ndalama zokwana madola atatu US. Komabe, mtengo analumpha zikuchepa pambuyo kulengeza embargo pa katundu wa mafuta Arab, komwe kunachitika mu 1973. Mtengo latsopano anali $ 12.

kuwonjezeka wina lakuthwa chinachitika mu 1981. Chaka chino anabwera mavuto Iran-Iraq. Mtengo anauka kwa $ 14 35.

Mafuta wotchedwa "okoma" ngati zili sulfure ali otsika. mitundu amenewa popanda zina processing ndalama. Motero, "acidic" mukukhulupirira mafuta zili mkulu sulfure. maina awa akukhudzana chakuti mpaka cha m'ma XIX kudziwa khalidwe la golide wakuda anayesa akatswiri ake kukoma.

Quotes pa mafuta yokha pa New York Stock Kusinthanitsa anasonyeza ndalama US pa mbiya, koma mafuta - mu masenti pa galoni.

Enieni yobereka kutchulidwa buku mgwirizano ndi osowa kwambiri. % 1 Only ya mgwirizano si amanena pa zolemba.

Monga panopa malonda mafuta?

Mpaka 1970, ndi makampani anali kwambiri m'manja, kotero mitengo akhala mwachilungamo khola. Mu msika wa Mapangano nthawi yaitali anali anamaliza. Komabe, dongosolo anasonyeza kuti kusokonekera ndipo anakomoka pa mavuto oyamba. Kambirana mmene mafuta malonda lero, njira zotsatirazi:

• ntchito kuwombola zam'tsogolo Mapangano;
• kudzera Mapangano nthawi yaitali pakati tidaipanga mwachindunji ndi ogula;
• kudzera mapangano amene anapangana kunja katundu kuwombola, msika si womangidwa kwa malo, ndi zopezera lonse la amkhalapakati.

mafuta ambiri ankagulitsa ku New York ndi London kuphana katundu. Standard ntchito buku ndi za 1000 mbiya. mfundo OTC si malamulo ndi msika.

Kodi mtengo wa mafuta?

Pali pafupifupi 200 mitundu ya mafuta. Iwo amene muyezo m'madera ena amaona kwambiri madzi. pa mpikisano m'misika ndi pafupifupi wangwiro. Choncho, kulankhula za mmene mafuta malonda lero, tikulankhula makamaka za kalasi muyezo. Mtengo wa ena nthawi masamu mwachibale kwa iwo, yeniyeni chilinganizo kutchulidwa Mapangano yeniyeni kugula kapena kugulitsa. Komanso amaganizira ndalama zoyendera.

Monga mtengo kwa mafuta bwanji yachilendo kuwombola msika?

pa nkhani mchere ndi zotchingira mafuta atsimikiziridwa osati ndi malamulo a zachuma, komanso prerequisites geopolitical. Russia amadalira kwambiri pa mitengo mafuta. Ngati iwo kugwa, ruble depreciates. Mofananamo zimachitika ndi dollar US.