Centralization siyana

Centralization siyana ndi machitidwe awiri a boma la chipangizo. Mwa mfundo zoyambirira kuti maulamuliro kumatanthauza lamulo m'moyo wa anthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo amafuna kutsogolera ntchito ya boma dera lawo, subordinating mbali chikoka lake, ambiri kapena onse a moyo malo. Siyana kumafuna delineation wa ntchito za m'dera ndi akuluakulu boma. Mfundo imeneyi ali zimakhalira pachibale zina ndi mawu akuti "wodzilamulira" Komabe, si ofanana ndi izo. Siyana - lingaliro womwalira chifukwa amapereka kudziyimira pawokha zonse kwa zigawo, dongosolo feduro. Mu boma izi zikusonyeza kuvomerezedwa chomwa limodzi malamulo. Pa nthawi yomweyo chotero chodabwitsa amaloledwa yekha mbali ina ya boma, chifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa madera ake.

Poyamba, centralization siyana ndi chitukuko chosiyana ndi kugawa m'gawo. Ndi njira osakwanira kulankhulana yotsatana kuwonjezeka m'chigawo mphamvu, kenako kufalitsa kukopa kwake pa mbali zonse za moyo national kunali kosatheka. Pa nthawi yomweyo anafunafuna gawo lina la anthu, woimira mabwalo olamulira. Mu mapangidwe wogwirizana zolimbana dongosolo mphamvu anaona njira andale ndi azachuma yokumba ambiri.

Centralization siyana akhala popanda limati wakale wankhanza. Choncho, mphamvu adzakhala m'madera osiyana masatarapi (abwanamkubwa), adamfunsa asilikali ndi ndalama kwa iwo. Pankhaniyi, kudziletsa pa mphamvu zawo sakanatha kugwira ntchito. Mafumu a yemweyo m'magawo awo anali kudziyimira pawokha pafupifupi onse.

Centralization siyana mu Ufumu wa Roma anali kumlingo moyenera. Ngakhale dongosolo autocratic ndi chakuti zigawo apangidwa yekha kukhalabe boma mphamvu wosakwatiwa, boma anazindikira boma mizinda ndi zigawo.

Pambuyo kugwa kwa ufumu wa Roma mu Europe lonse (kupatulapo Byzantium) boma dongosolo sanali kupereka kwa centralization. Zinali ankaikira limati ambiri a nthawi imeneyo. Pamene ang'onoang'ono chipangizo sankafunikanso zikhalidwe kukhazikitsa dongosolo lapadera. Pa nthawi yomweyo amafuna kukhala ufumu. Mwachitsanzo, lakwaniritsa bwino kwambiri mu France. Zotsatira zoyambirira za ufumu French, anapanga maziko a chipangizo cha Republic. Koma pamene dongosolo dziko boma ntchito mu France ndi mfundo za ufulu. Komabe ulamuliro kasamalidwe m'manja mwa ulamuliro boma limodzi. Mu boma ichi chimakula ofooka kwambiri.

Amacita kukhazikitsa centralization zinali zotheka m'zaka 19. Nthawi imeneyi, zinthu zabwino inakhazikitsidwa, makamaka, kuti anatuluka ndipo takhala njira kulankhulana bwino anayamba bwino lizigwira wanthambo, makalata.

Tikumbukenso kuti ena mabungwe a boma mogwirizana ndi katundu wawo, akhoza bwinobwino chiyenera kukhala pansi pa ulamuliro chapakati. nyumba Zina asilikali malonda, bulu ndi ena. Njira kulankhulana (wanthambo, positi), misewu (njanji) simungakhoze kuperekedwa popanda kutayika khalidwe la akuluakulu amene yamtunduwu chimafikira kwa malo aang'ono. Kukhalapo ndi chitukuko cha madera awa amafuna ndalama, omwe imayendetsedwa ndi imodzi mwa mfundo za mphamvu imodzi.