Monolithic thovu konkire: ubwino ndi kuipa kwake, ntchito pomanga

Monolithic thovu konkire ntchito lero m'madera ambiri a zomangamanga. Mfundo imeneyi kukhala zodabwitsa chifukwa chakuti ali ndi makhalidwe kwambiri opaleshoni. Poyerekeza ndi njira zina, chithovu ndi osiyana mu kuti akhoza kupangidwa mwachindunji pa zomangamanga kapena fakitale.

luso opanga

thovu kupanga anayamba mofulumira pambuyo mu Russia ndi mayiko ena zofunika kuti kutchinjiriza matenthedwe nyumba kukhala wowawa. Choncho, msika waona zipangizo mkulu-Sewerolo zogwirizana ndi mfundo zonse zofunika.

Thovu pogwiritsa ntchito simenti ndi mchenga umene yankho losanganikirana. Pambuyo zikuchokera ndi lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Air kutentha pantchitoyo ayenera angagwe m'munsimu madigiri 10. Potchula za magawo a ntchito, chosakanizira ladzala ndi madzi, ndiye anatsanulira mu onsewo ng'oma mchenga ndi simenti. Chotsatira yaikidwa wokonzeka thovu zikuchokera ndi wosanganiza ndi ntchito mu formwork chisanadze anapanga. zolimba ntchito kuonjezera mphamvu structural. Nthawi zambiri ntchito formwork okhazikika, yomwe inamangidwa kuti athe kulimbikitsa kunja topcoat. Wotchuka kwambiri pa nthawi yomweyo ankaona Steklomagnezitovye mapepala.

kachulukidwe

Ngati inu ntchito njira imeneyi, mudzatha kuchepetsa mowa konkire lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira ndi thovu wokha, kufulumiza kuphedwa kwa ntchito ndi kuchepetsa ndalama. Quality zinthu ulamuliro angathe kupanga kuponyera ndondomeko kusakaniza ndi osalimba muyeso ndi chifukwa kuchita mayesero pa zitsanzo za. Kuti nyumba inaperekedwa ndi apamwamba matenthedwe kutchinjiriza, ntchito thovu, m'lifupi umene uli wofanana 250 millimeters. Ngakhale osalimba akhale 200 makilogalamu pa mita kiyubiki.

Ubwino waukulu wa thovu konkire

thovu kupanga zikhoza kuchitidwa nokha ya zomangamanga, ndi wina wa ubwino waukulu wa nkhaniyi. Mwazina, makoma analandira sound- ndi kutentha insulated ndi Kutentha ndalama zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 30%. kutsirizitsa ena wosalira, makoma analandira cholimba ndi odalirika.

Ngati ife ntchito thovu monolithic pamene akumanga nyumba, mkati wabwino microclimate adzakhala anapereka, chifukwa nkhaniyo ili tithe kukhala ndi chinyezi wabwino ndi kutentha. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, chipinda adzakhala ozizira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mkati adzasunga wachikondi. Nthawi zambiri, ogula kusankha thovu komanso chifukwa chakuti ndi osiyana zachilengedwe ubwanawe. Pa kupanga mankhwala zoipa si ntchito, zigawo zikuluzikulu poizoni sumangoyambika pa ntchito.

Mpanda analandira fireproof tikamva kutentha sali flammable. mayesero amasonyeza kuti thovu ali chitetezo zonse. Chifukwa kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulenga kapangidwe aliyense, lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira konkire ntchito kupanga zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso mapiramidi ndi machenjerero ena zosamvetsetseka. Pamene ankamanga, mudzazindikira kuti ndi ndalama, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zolinga zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kupanga mapanelo, simenti ndi denga kutchinjiriza.

The kuipa chachikulu

Ngati mwaganiza kumanga nyumba ya monolithic thovu konkire, tiyenera kuganizira kuti n'zotheka yekha ndi nyama ya. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kuipa onse a nyumba yoteroyo ankayembekezera anthu ndithu. Pamene angagwiritse khazikitsa, mungapeze mavuto ena. Ndipotu, kusankha mfundo chimango (formwork) angakhoze kokha anthu ndi luso la zomangamanga.

Zofunika udzafunidwa kutchinjiriza, amene ayenera kusankha mosamala, mwinamwake katundu phindu thovu konkire adzabwera osaonekanso. Ngakhale kuti polojekiti ndi mkulu, ena opanga ntchito mu kupanga wothandizila kupanga thobvu, amene sakhoza amaoneka kuti ndi otetezeka. Koma iwo ali gawo la, monga ulamuliro, iwo ndi osakwana theka peresenti a.

Monolithic thovu konkire, ndemanga omwe mwina zoipa, kuti ali mkulu kuuma, koma popanda kutenga nkhani ya fragility zakuthupi. Makoma adzatha kukumana nkhawa mkulu angathe malo amodzi, koma nkhonya lakuthwa ungamuphe akulimbana. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kufunika zolondola ntchito. Mwazina, konkire ayenera anatsindika.

Ntchito chimango zitsulo angachotsedwe zina ndalama. Ngati mwaganiza kusankha ntchito yomanga monolithic thovu konkire opanda chuma Ndi bwino kuganizira pasadakhale. Pakati pawo tiyenera kuunikila porosity wa Kumwambamwamba, amene amachititsa madzi mayamwidwe 15% ya kulemera okwana nkhaniyo. Khalani limasonyeza kuti ambiri izi siziri choncho lowopsya, koma ndi mkulu chinyezi kungayambitse imfa ya khalidwe la kutchinjiriza. Kulimbana Vutoli njira ntchito chiwiya zinthu kumatira kuti adzalekanitsa ku malo akunja. The downside n'chakuti njira ntchito sangatengedwe kukhala wophweka kwambiri.

kuipa zina

Monolithic thovu konkire ntchito yomanga lero, kawirikawiri zokwanira, koma ena kuipa, ndicho otsika nthunzi zotchinga zimenezi zingachititse chinyezi kwambiri m'nyumba. Kuti alenge maziko khalidwe makoma awa, kokha monolithic mbale angagwiritsidwe ntchito, mwinamwake kupewa ming'alu. Lembani danga anapanga pakati pa thovu makoma konkire zitha molondola chikufanana zomatira. Osauka njira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira za simenti ndi mchenga. Pankhaniyi, inu pachiswe kupeza stitches, omwe makulidwe a 3 mamilimita kapena zambiri. Pankhaniyi, matenthedwe kutchinjiriza ndi kutchinjiriza phokoso katundu wa Tidzakambirana khalidwe yafupika.

Kodi sindimakonda chakuti pambuyo yomanga mpanda ntchito zochotseka formwork zofunika kupukuta zina pamwamba, amene complicates ntchito ndi kuvumbitsira zambiri nthawi yambiri. Monolithic thovu konkire, komanso zinthu zina wina aliyense, popeza nyumbayi wabwerera. Ngati ife lembani poyerekeza ndi simenti, ndi apamwamba. Koma ndi luso zilibe upambana 0.1%. The shrinkage pazipita zidzachitika mwa mwezi 1.

Chifukwa chiyani sitiyenera kusankha thovu

Nthawi zambiri ndi thovu monolithic wodzazidwa ndi formwork okhazikika Komabe, ngati mamembala chimango kuti ntchito mobwerezabwereza, zinthu zikhoza mavuto kumaliza. Osati zipangizo zonse bwino pa nkhope yake. Pamene khazikitsa zinthu kukongoletsa pa khoma akhoza kukhala zosavuta galimoto zomangira ndi misomali effortlessly, pambuyo amagwa kachiwiri. Mkati mwa njira anapereka zinthu fastener silimba, koma ndi njerwa kapena matabwa mavuto amenewa osadzuka.

Ntchito pomanga

Monolithic thovu konkire, amene kupanga luso wakhala tafotokozazi ndipo akhoza katswiri nokha, ntchito zosiyanasiyana ntchito yomanga. Zinthu zimenezi mungazipeze couplers, zimene anapanga kachulukidwe thovu la makilogalamu mpaka 800 pa mita kiyubiki. Pamene mphamvu ndi 3.5 MPa. The zinthu zomwe iwo kuchepetsa katundu yomanga monga couplers ngati kuphatikiza zina.

Mwazina, thovu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito padenga kutchinjiriza. The kachulukidwe pafupifupi ziyenera pafupifupi 250 makilogalamu pa mita kiyubiki. Koma chapamwamba wosanjikiza zoteteza akhoza kumanga wa thovu ndi osalimba wa makilogalamu 600 pa mita kiyubiki.

Nkhanizi ntchito kusinthika kwa mbewu, komanso kutchinjiriza matenthedwe makoma. Pamaso pa nyumba ya mchenga-laimu njerwa, mukhoza ntchito thovu, osalimba a limene limayamba ndi makilogalamu 200 pa mita kiyubiki. Kwanyengo njira limachititsa kuchepetsa ntchito ndi kuthetsa kufunika zipangizo zodula ndi sangadziteteze ndi mtundu wa polystyrene kukodzedwa ndi mchere ubweya. Angapezeke mu nyumba anafotokoza mfundo chimateteza chimneys. Mwachitsanzo, mu chomera zitsulo Novolipetskogo anasiya ntchito ya ubweya mchere, mwa kuwonekera pa thovu ndi osalimba wa makilogalamu 400 pa mita kiyubiki.

Mtengo wa thovu konkire

Ngati inu kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito yomanga ndi simenti ma, mtengo wa nkhaniyi muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi. Kugula izo, kulipira 4000 rubles. pa mita kiyubiki. Ndi za kachulukidwe mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera D400 kuti D1200, chuma ndi oyenera kudzikonda kukhazikika pansi screed ndi ntchito zina.

Mtengo wa nyumba ya thovu

Mtengo wa thovu kunyumba kungakhale m'munsi kuposa zipangizo zina. Choncho pa 242 mamita lalikulu kulipira miliyoni 3.5 rubles.

makhalidwe zokongoletsa

"Monolithic thovu konkire, kapena kumanga popanda ndalama." Iko kunali Mwambi ndodo kuti anthu amene asankha nkhani ma nyumba tsogolo lanu. Koma muyenera kudziwa kuti maonekedwe a zomangamanga chifukwa akhoza kukhala wokongola kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi laminated maonekedwe matabwa, njira lomaliza adzapeza mafani zambiri. Komanso, chipika thovu, monga ogula, kupereka n'ngwokayikitsa kulenga ufulu. Mothandizidwa ndi chuma ma ndi mabvuto kumanga choyamba ndi wokongola kanyumba, umene kubwereza mwambo wa chilichonse kalembedwe.

Ndi zambiri zachilendo kuona zosankha muyezo umene musati thumba tione. Thovu, mtengo wa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, yosowa kwambiri mtundu. Pamafunika palibe kumalizitsa zina ndi zimagwirizizirana ndi mitundu yonse ya zipangizo, amene kumawonjezera ndalama. Pambuyo penoblok nevzrachen kwambiri.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale kuipa thovu alipo, izo sasiya kutchuka pakati ogula. Ngati nanunso abverana kuti amange nyumba yatsopano, mukhoza kuganizira makhalidwe a nkhani yotere.