Mtsinje wa Araks - mtsinje wa Armenia, Turkey ndi Azerbaijan

Mtsinje wa Araks umalanda dziko la Transcaucasia: Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, tingathe kutsutsa kuti madzi akuyenda malire anali malire pakati pa ufumu waukulu wa Russia ndi Persia (tsopano Iran). Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa gombeli kunawonekera kalekale - m'zaka za m'ma 650 BC. E. Pambuyo pake, hydronymus sinasinthidwe kamodzi, kusiyana kwakukulu kunaonekera: Araks, Aros, etc. Kutalika kwathunthu ndi 1075 km, ndipo beseni inatambasulidwa mamita masentimita 102,000. Km. Pa gawo la madzi othamanga pali chipangizo chapadera chamagetsi a magetsi, chomwe chinalandira dzina lomwelo. Mtsinje wa Araks ndi 76% ku Armenia. Pamwamba pamtunda, gombelo limayenda pamapiri a mapiri, choncho limakhala ndi madzi opanda madzi. M'derali, imayenda kumbali ya mphepo. Paulendo wake mtsinjewo umakumana ndi malo otsetsereka, omwe anapangidwa chifukwa cha ndalama.

Dzina la mtsinje

Poyamba kutchula chinthu cha hydrological chiri ndi dzina lakuti "Araks". Kusiyana kwa Chirasha kunachokera ku mawu achigriki. Yeraskh imapezanso kuti imadziwika bwino, ndi iye amene amawoneka kuti ndi "kholo" lawopezeka pano. Azerbaijanis amatcha Mtsinje wa Araz, Turkey - Aras, anthu a ku Iraq - Eres. Tsoka ilo, mpaka lero sizingatheke kuti tipeze chiyambi cha dzina.

Nthano yakale imanena kuti mtsinje wa Araks umatchedwa dzina la mwana wa King Aramais. Akatswiri ofufuza masiku ano amati dzinali linachokera ku liwu lakalelo, lomwe m'mawu omasuliridwa limatanthawuza "mdima, mdima". N'zotheka kuti "wachibale" anali Turkic "Araz" ("wogulitsa").

Zambiri za m'mayiko

Mtsinjewu wa madzi sungathe kuyenda. Zili ndi ziphuphu zambiri, zomwe zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ndipo zimaperekedwanso m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mtsinje wa Araks ukuphatikiza ndi Kura kumapeto kwa njira yake.

Pamphepete mwa mtsinje ndi malo angapo. Kuchokera mu 2012, malo osungira magetsi azimanga pamtsinje; Zomangamanga, malinga ndi zolinga, zidzatha mu 2017. Zomera zowonjezera madzi zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: Megrinskaya ndi Armenia, ndipo Karachilarskaya ndi Iran. Mtengo wokwanira wa polojekitiyo umakhala pa $ 300 miliyoni. Kuphatikiza pa malo awa, pali ntchito zamadzi pamtsinje, zomwe zikugwira ntchito panopa.

Funso lakuti "Kodi dziko la CIS likuyendetsa mtsinje wa Araks?" Nthawi zonse amafunsidwa ndi akatswiri a hydrologists. Monga tanena kale, zambiri zimadutsa ku Armenia; Chigawo chaching'ono chimagonjetsa maiko a Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan ndi a Iran.

Pakali pano

Mpaka nthawi yokhala ndi Akhuryan, Araks ndi mtsinje wokhala ndi mapiri. Pakali pano, imayenda mumng'alu waung'ono. Madzi othamanga akuyenda kumpoto kutsogolo musanayambe kugwirizana ndi madzi a Murz. Pambuyo pafupi, dziwe limayang'ana kummawa. Pambuyo pake mtsinje wa Araks (Armenia ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito zinthu zake) kachiwiri amagwera kudutsa paphiri. Kenaka mtsinje umalowa m'chigwa, chomwe chinalengedwa, makamaka, ndi Araks mwiniwake. Chaka chilichonse amabweretsa madera mamiliyoni angapo m'madera amenewa. Pano, pomaliza, mtsinjewo umagawidwa muzitsulo, ndipo mabanki amatsika msinkhu wawo. Mtsinje wotsatira mtsinjewu umadzinso kudutsa mumtsinje wotsatira. Pambuyo pake Araks akuyenda mumtsinje wochepa ndikuyenda ku Kura.

Kura (pakamwa)

Kura (kapena Karasuyu) ili kugawo la mayiko atatu kamodzi. Tikukamba za Azerbaijan, Turkey ndi Georgia. Kutalika kwa madzi nthawi zonse ndi 1364 km. Gwero la malowa ali kumapiri, omwe ali pafupi ndi tawuni ya Kars. Zomwe zilipo tsopano zimadutsa ku Georgia, kumene mtsinjewo umalowa ku Azerbaijan, ndipo pamapeto pake umadutsa m'nyanja ya Caspian. Kawirikawiri mtsinjewu uli m'mitsinje ndi gorges, koma pafupi ndi Tbilisi umadutsa mumtunda wouma. Panthawiyi chigwa chake chimafika pamtunda. Chakudyacho chimasakanizidwa, koma chisanu chimakhalapo. Araks amathamangira ku Kura kwa 200 km kuchokera kumadzi a Caspian.