Mzinda wa Belogorsky, Perm Territory. Maseŵera a Belogorsky: Maola Otsegula

Ku Russia, pali malo ambiri opatulika kumene zikwi zikwi za amwendamnjira, okhulupirira ndi odwala - pofuna kuyeretsedwa kwauzimu, kuchotsa zovuta za thupi, chikhalidwe chaumunthu ndikungofuna kukongola kwauzimu. Mmodzi wa malowa, "malo amphamvu", akuyang'aniridwa kuti ndi amonke amtundu wa Perm, chifukwa chidziwitso cha chiyero ndi chiyero cha mautumikiwa amatchulidwa kuti "Athos the Urals".

Ulendo ku Mizinda

Kotero, tiyeni tipite ku White Mountain, yomwe kwa nthawi yayitali chiyambi cha kasupe imayambitsa chipale chofewa cha chisanu pakati pa mapiri ena a Urals ridge. Mwa njira, chotero dzina limathamanga! Pali zachilengedwe zovuta pafupifupi makilomita 120 kuchokera mumzinda wa Perm. Kunali pano komwe nyumba ya amonke ya Belogorsky kamangidwanso. Malo A Perm - Malo okongola, ndi zozizwitsa zachilengedwe, zovuta komanso zosavuta nthawi yomweyo. Iwenso ndi yopanda ulemu komanso yolemekezeka, monga anthu omwe ankakhala m'madera amenewa ndikukhala pano tsopano. Ndipo malo osungirako oyera, otchedwa St. Nicholas, akugwirizanitsa ndi zomangidwe zake m'madera ozungulira. Mwachikhalidwe cha ntchito zake, zimatanthawuza mabungwe amishonale auzimu. Ndipo mu 40 km kuchokera ku parishi ndi tauni yaying'ono ya Kungur. Choncho, chokopa chachikulu cha malo oyandikana nawo ndi nyumba za amonke za Belogorsky. Chigawo cha Perm sichingaimirirenso popanda izo.

Kupita ku mbiri

Mzindawu umakhala wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Europe ndi Asia zakhala zikugwirizanitsa pano, zomwe zakhala zikupanga nyengo yapadera. Mitengo yambiri, masewera ambiri, nyanja, zopatsa nsomba, matumbo apadziko lapansi okhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zinapangitsa malowa kukhala osangalatsa kwa anthu osiyanasiyana - amwenye, omwe amakhala pano kuyambira kale, ndi omwe amabwera kuno kufunafuna gawo labwino kapena kuthaŵa Kuchokera kwa ankhanza okhalamo. Bashkirs, Mongols, Tatars, Kazakhs anali pafupi ndi Mansi, Komi, Udmurt, Khanty. Steppes ndi chigwa cha Kazakhstan ndi mapiri akhala akuyang'ana miyambo yambiri yapadera, miyambo, miyambo. Mwachitsanzo, m'zaka za zana la 18 Okhulupirira akale adabisala kuzunzidwa, ndikupanga malo awo okhala. Panthawi imeneyo nyumba ya amonke ya Belogorsky sinamangidwe pano, dera la Perm sizinali zosiyana ndi izi kuchokera ku mapiri ena a ku Russia.

Lembani malo osungirako zinthu

Chaka cha 1891 ndi chosaiŵalika cha malo awa. Tsesarevich Nikolai Alekseevich anali ndi zaka 22 pamene adaganiza zopita ku "kum'maŵa" ulendo kuti akweze chidziwitso, kuti adziŵe bwino machitidwe a dziko la mayiko ena. Ku Japan, anaphedwa, mabala angapo omwe anali ndi sabers pafupifupi anafa. Polemekezeka kuti apulumuke ku ngozi ndi kupumula pa White Mountain, poyamba anaika mtanda waukulu wamita khumi - "royal". Kenaka akuluakulu a Tchalitchi cha Orthodox adaganiza zomanga pa nyumbayi ya nyumba ya Belogorsky. Dera la Perm, motero, linapita kawiri m'mbiri, lomwe linakhudza malo awa. Nthawi yomweyo "khalidwe" la nyumba ya amonke lidafotokozedwa: mmishonale, ndiko kuti, ndi zinthu zachikondi, parishi yamwamuna, wotchedwa St. Nicholas.

Kuyambira kumanga

Maselo osaneneka ndi kuunikira kwa malo omangako kunachitika mu 1893, pa June 18. Malo a malo pa White Mountain, mapulani ndi zojambula - zonse zinakonzedweratu pasadakhale. Mu 1894 nyumba ya amishonale ya Belogorsky idayamba kale kugwira ntchito, popeza kuti kachisi anali atamangidwanso kale, ngakhale akadakali matabwa. Kenaka ntchitoyi inapitilira pa nyumba zomwe amonke amayenera kukhalamo, malo ogulitsa malonda, abbot, ndi zina zotero. Anatsegula sukulu ya ana amasiye, omwe anyamata 25 amakhala ndi kuphunzitsidwa. Chochititsa chidwi: kunali nyumba ya amonke ya Belogorsky kwa amuna okha. Amonke amatha kukhala ndi luso labwino (ndipo ambiri a iwo anali odziwa ubwana), analima ndikufesedwa, anabzala, anadyetsa ziweto ndi nkhuku, ankagwira nsomba ndi njuchi. Pokwaniritsa ntchito ya Chikhristu, iwo amapereka thandizo laulere kwa anthu oyandikana nawo ndi zinthu. M'zaka zoipazo anthu ambiri adasunga mkate wa amonke!

Mphindi za omwe amafa

Iwo sanadutse mopitirira nyumba ya Mulungu mwina. Ngakhale panali nthawi zogonjetsa. Mwachitsanzo, mu September 1897, mafano asanu ogwira ntchito mozizwitsa anaperekedwa ku nyumba ya amishonale ya Belogorsky (Perm) kwa anthu ambiri achipembedzo, omwe atsogoleri achipembedzo cha Orthodox adagwira nawo mbali, komanso aulendo ambiri, kuti akalimbikitse mzimu wa okhulupirira, potamanda Ambuye. M'boma lonselo, misonkhano yothokoza ndi mapemphelo ovomerezeka anachitidwa. Kenaka kachisi ndi nyumba zazikulu zidakumane ndi mapeto a nyumba zambiri zamatabwa: kuchokera pamoto mwadzidzidzi, zonsezi zinawotchera pansi. Masewerowa anachitika patatha zaka zitatu kuchokera pamene anapeza. Ndipo ngakhale pambuyo pa zaka 4 panthawi yachisangalalo cha zinthu, mtanda wa Tsar unagwa pansi ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Anabwezeretsanso dziko lonse, anthu. Amathandizidwa makamaka ndi gulu la amalonda. Kuwononga chizindikiritso cha chikhulupiriro chinali mu 1918, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu ya Soviet mu Mitsinje.

Moyo wachiwiri wa nyumba ya amonke

Osati mtanda wokha, koma nyumba ya amonke yokha inkafuna kubwezeretsa anthu. Kodi nyumba za amonke za Belogorsky zimawoneka bwanji ngati moto usanayambe? Chithunzicho, tsoka, sichinapulumutse. Anangokhala malemba olembedwa okha a anthu amasiku ano.

Apanso, ndalama zinayamba kusonkhanitsidwa. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu adathandizira zoperekazo. Zopereka zinali kuchokera kwa anthu a pampingo wamba - osauka ndi osauka osauka. Anthu otchuka a Perm ndi a Kungur, ogulitsa mafakitale, amalonda, ogulitsa amitundu osiyanasiyana, ogwira ntchito zamalonda ndi ojambula a dera, atsogoleri achipembedzo ndi mipingo ya likulu - palibe amene anatsalira chifukwa cha zifukwa zabwino. Ndipo ndalama zimafunikira kwambiri, chifukwa zinakonzedwa kumanga nyumba yolimba, yomwe siopa moto, mkuntho ndi masoka ena.

Kuikidwa kwa tchalitchi chachikulu, Krestovozdvizhenskogo, kotero sikunachedwe, kokha mu 1902. Ndi thandizo la Mulungu linamangidwa pafupifupi zaka khumi ndi theka, zomangamanga zikuwonetsa ndondomeko yovuta ya Byzantine. Ena mwa omangawo anali amonke: amapanga njerwa, kuika miyala. Nyumba yatsopanoyi, yokongola kwambiri, inakhala ndi okhulupirira 8,000. Pakati pa nyumba zauzimu zomwe zilipo zapadera, malo akuluakulu a nyumba za nyumba za Belogorsky (Perm Territory, zithunzi zikuphatikizidwa). Pa chikondwerero chachikulu cha kutsegulira ndi kudzipatulira kwa nyumbayo panali pafupifupi anthu zikwi makumi atatu ndi asanu ndi awiri m'mipingo. Izi zinachitika m'chaka cha 1917. Zinkawoneka kuti nyumba ya amonkeyi ikudikira zaka zambiri za utumiki wa kuwala, wokoma mtima, ndi waumulungu.

Revolution, kuponderezana, nkhondo

Komabe, mbiriyakale imapanga zisinthidwe zake pazinthu zaumunthu. Kotero nyumba ya amonke, kuti ikhale yotentha kwambiri ya uzimu ndi chikhulupiriro chowona, inayenera kupirira kwambiri mu nthawi yake. Panthawi ya nkhondo komanso nkhondo zapachiweniweni, nyumba ya amonkeyo inalandidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi kuipidwa. Ankazunzidwa mwankhanza, amadzimira mu Kama kapena kuwombera ndi nthumwi za atsogoleri achipembedzo omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi Archimandrite Varlaam, komanso amonke olemekezeka ndi apamwamba. Sukulu ya ana amasiye, ndithudi, inatsekedwa. Kuchokera m'chaka cha 1923, nyumba yoipitsidwa ya Mulungu idagwiritsidwa ntchito pozunza zipinda ndi a Cheka, apolisi. Ndipo kuchokera mu 1930, msasa womwewo unatsegulidwa apa, kumene anthu odzudzula ndi apadera adakhalapo. Chaka chotsatira nyumbayi inasinthidwa ku Nyumba ya Akhungu. Kenaka panali zipatala zosiyanasiyana zamagulu azachipatala: pa Nkhondo Yaikulu ya Patriotic, malo oyanjanitsa anthu ovulala ndi olumala a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ntchito ndi ubwana, momwe anthu adasungiramo zinthu kutali kwambiri ndi chitukuko. Eya, mu 1980, Belogorie inabwereranso. Ku tchalitchichi ngakhale nkhuni zinatentha.

Malo Oyera

Inde, mwambi wowerengeka wa lamulo, pamene umati malo opatulika sadzakhala opanda kanthu. Ndipo mu nthawi ya perestroika, pamene zikhalidwezo zinatsimikiziridwa, chikhalidwe cha Russia chinabwezeredwa osati maina oiwalika kapena ochotsedwera a ziwerengero za zojambula, nyimbo, kujambula, zoiŵala zosadziwika, komanso zipembedzo. Kotero nyumba ya amishonale ya Belogorsky, kapena kani, chirichonse chomwe chatsalira cha izo, kachiwiri anasamukira ku ofesi ya Tchalitchi cha Orthodox. Udindo waukulu pa chochitika chofunika ichi unasewera ndi chikondwerero cha tsiku la ubatizo wa Rus. Ndalama zofunikira zapatsidwa kuchokera ku chigawo chapakati ndi chigawo. Ndipo kubwezeretsanso ntchito ndi kubwezeretsa kunayambika mu nyumba zonse za nyumba za amonke, ndipo mwachinthu chovuta kwambiri - mtanda wa Cross Exaltation Cathedral. Palibe chopweteka popanda zabwino - chifukwa cha zamakono zamakono, kasupe wamachilengedwe ndi madzi ochiritsa anapezeka m'madera a nyumba za amonke, zomwe zinapangitsa malowa kukhala otchuka komanso otchuka.

Chizoloŵezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi misonkhano

Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kukachezera nyumba za amonke za Belogorsky, maola ogwira ntchito sagwira ntchito yapadera. Kwa amwendamnjira, imatseguka usiku wonse: mudzakhala malo ogona usiku, kudyetsa, yesetsani kuchita zonse mwakuthupi komanso mosakayika. Inde, pali maulendo otsogolera. Ngati mukufuna kupita ku misonkhano yapadera ku Montseri ya Belogorsky, maola ake oyambirira ndi awa: Loweruka lirilonse m'kachisi kuyambira 14-00 mpaka 15-00 maola opempherera amachitikira kutsogolo kwa chingalawa, kumene zikhomo za St. Panteleimon ndi mchiritsi. Mapemphero amapita mu dzina la kuzunzika ndi odwala, olemedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Zomwezo zidatengedwa kupita ku nyumba ya amonke kuchokera ku St. Athos (Greece) kuyambira 1907 ndikusungidwa ndi anthu operekedwa ndi Mulungu kupyolera mu zovuta zonse za mbiriyakale ndi zofuna zawo. Pamene nyumba ya amonke ya St. Nicholas ya Belogorsky (chithunzi chikuyang'ana mu nkhaniyo) idayamba kuchira, chingalawa chinabwerera okhulupirira kupita ku chombo. Kuwonjezera apo, ponena za misonkhano yapadera - Lolemba kuyambira 5:30 pm mpaka 5 koloko pali madzi-moleben molebens, kuchokera 17.00 - usiku usiku; Lachiwiri ndi Lachitatu - ma liturgies aumulungu m'mawa.

Adilesi ndi Njira

Ndipo kachiwiri, chidziwitso kwa iwo omwe akufuna kukachezera nyumba ya amzinda wa Belogorsky: momwe mungayendere. Adilesi yeniyeni ya nyumbayi ndi Perm Perm, District Kungursky, Kalinino Village. Msewu wamtunda (kwa iwo omwe amadzipangira okha) Ekaterinburg-Perm. Yang'anani mwatcheru zizindikiro, patapita nthawi mutembenuzire Kalinino. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mabasi.