Nadezhda Volpin - lamulo mkazi wa ndakatulo Sergeya Esenina. Wambiri, zilandiridwenso

Nadezhda Volpin - ndakatulo komanso womasulira, anayamba ntchito yake pa chiyambi cha m'ma 20. Komabe, kutchuka kwambiri anamubweretsa kwa iye yekha wa essays ake, monga buku ndi Sergeem Eseninym, yomwe inayamba mu 1920. Wambiri ya mayi ameneyu ndi ntchito yake adzakhala odzipereka kwa nkhaniyi.

Nadezhda Volpin: yonena

Anabadwa tsogolo poetess February 6, 1900 ku Mogilev. bambo ake, Davide Samuilovich Volpin, anamaliza maphunziro a University Moscow ndi kumasulira wotchuka m'buku lakuti George. George. Fraser "m'nthano mu Chipangano Chakale," mumapezera mchitidwe moyo wa malamulo. mayi Hope a Anna Borisovna Zhislina, anali mphunzitsi nyimbo kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti ngakhale girlhood maphunziro Warsaw Conservatory.

Nadezhda Volpin yokha Davydovna osati kutsatira mapazi a aliyense wa makolo ndi, atamaliza maphunziro otchedwa "Hvostovskuyu" Chakale High School mu 1917, analowa Moscow University mu dipatimenti ya sayansi ndi masamu. Komabe, m'zinenero zimene zinali choncho m'tsogolo, ndipo analoledwa kukhala wotanthauzira, iye katswiri basi sekondale. Komanso, yunivesite Volpin anaphunzira kwa kuposa chaka, ndiye waponya, pozindikira kuti zachilengedwe sayansi - si maitanidwe ake.

Olemera ndi zokongola moyo monga ndakatulo Davydovna Hope inayamba mu 1919 pamene iye limodzi ndi Imagists ndipo ndinayamba kugwira ntchito ku situdiyo ya Andrei Bely "Green Msonkhano". Mu chaka chomwecho panali chinthu china kwambiri moyo wake.

Msonkhano woyamba ndi Yesenin

SERGEY Esenin ndi Nadezhda Volpin anakumana mu podyera "Pegasus khola," chomwe chinali chikumbutso lachiwiri la October kuukira boma. Pa nthawiyi, mu cafe zinali zambiri andakatulo amene kuwerenga ntchito zawo pa siteji. Yesenin anali mmodzi wa anthu oitanidwa, koma pamene izo zinali yake, iye anawayankha msangalatsi, iye, iwo amati, "samaona."

Volpin, kupezeka pa chipani, kuonera mokhudza wa zilandiridwenso Esenina, kotero mtima, anapita ndakatulo ndipo anapempha kuwerenga mavesi. Wolemba ndakatulo, ankadziwika kuti kufooka kwake kwa kugonana mkazi, sakanakhoza kukana msungwana wokongola. Poyankha pempho lake, anawerama ndi anati, "Pakuti - mwachimwemwe."

Kuyambira nthawi yomwe inayamba misonkhano pafupipafupi mu cafe ichi, pambuyo pake Yesenin limodzi mtsikanayo kunyumba. Pa njira, iwo anayankhula kwambiri za ndakatulo ndi mabuku. Kamodzi Yesenin anapatsa Volpin buku la ndakatulo anasaina "Chiyembekezo ndi chiyembekezo."

yogonjetsa

Nadezhda Volpin pokumbukira zomwe Yesenin sanali nthawi wosangalatsa kwambiri, pafupi nthawi iyi ya mauthenga awo analemba kuti nthawi zonse amayenera pokana akhulupirika a ndakatulo iyi. zaka zitatu mtsikanayo anatha kusunga Esenina kutali, ngakhale chikondi oona mtima kwa iye.

Izi zinali kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti nthawi kuti ndakatulo anali akadali mwalamulo anakwatira Zinaide Rayh, amene anali ndi ana awiri naye. Yesenin salinso moyo ndi mkazi, koma mfundo za ukwati kwambiri kusokonezedwa Hope.

Only mu 1921, okonda anakhala kwenikweni pafupi. Komabe, silinafike anam'bweretsera chimwemwe chachikulu. Kawirikawiri kukangana, makamaka chifukwa moyo lotayirira a ndakatulo iyi. Yesenin anabvomereza kuti iye ndi mantha ndi kuyamba kuyandikira kwambiri Chiyembekezo, moti anthu amangonena anataya.

Roman Yesenin ndi Aysedoroy Dunkan

Ndipo mu 1922 anayamba yoipa chalero ndi ndakatulo yotchuka wovina Aysedoroy Dunkan. Volpin, malamulo mkazi Esenina, sakadakhoza kuchita kanthu kuteteza mgwirizano uwu, ndipo sinditi. Pakuti, iye anali kumenya. The vuto kukula chifukwa chakuti zonse zinachitika kutsogolo kwake - bwalo chikhalidwe ndi Yesenin ankakonda.

Komabe, wolemba ndakatulo adagawana ndi chilakolako chake atsopano, nakhumba kuti abwerere, Nadezhda Volpin anatenga izo. Iwo anayambiranso yokopa olowa anzake, kuyendera cafe, anakhalabe kunyumba. Pang'onopang'ono, anakhala munthu amene anakamba kunyumba mofulumira tipsy ndakatulo a. Ndipo Yesenin ataledzera zambiri, anayamba kumva kuti akuzunzidwa. Za mantha awo mobwerezabwereza, iye anauza Hope.

phwando losangalatsa

Nadezhda Volpin Posakhalitsa ndinadziwa mkaziyo anali ndi pakati. Atamva zimenezi, Yesenin sanasangalale, n'kunena kuti kale ana ndipo zikuoneka ngati zokwanira. Iwo Volpin anayankha kuti chinthu cha Esenina safuna, ndipo safuna kuti akwatirane ndekha.

Pambuyo pokambirana izi zosasangalatsa Hope anapita ku St. Petersburg, anafuna kuleka kucheza onse ndi wolemba ndakatulo. mwana wawo, Alexander, anabadwa mu 1924, May 12, mu malo omwewo, likulu la kumpoto. Hope anayesetsa kupewa misonkhano n'zotheka ndi Yesenin. Ngakhale anakakhala osati abwenzi ndakatulo, amene anafunsa kuti pogona ake, koma yaing'ono, wovuta kwambiri chipinda pang'ono. Yesenin kwambiri uja Hope izo, koma sasiya wake. Volpin nthawi kuzifuna ufulu wodzilamulira ndi kudziyimira pawokha.

Mnyamatayo anali ofanana kwambiri kwa Esenina. Wolemba ndakatulo konse anamuona, koma nthawi zambiri anafunsa anzake chimene iye ali. Poyankha, adatsanulira mwana Sergei Yesenin anayankha kuti: ". Izo ziyenera kukhala choncho, chifukwa iye amandikonda kwambiri"

Atamwalira Esenina

Ndimakhala yekha ndi mwana wamng'ono zinali zovuta, ndipo Nadezhda Volpin kuyamba kupanga anasamutsidwa. Awa anali makamaka ntchito za upamwamba European: Valtera Skotta, Merimee, Cooper, Conan Doyle ndi ena. Iye anali kuchita masewera kalembedwe woyambitsa munthu n'kumamva Choncho kuthandiza ndi Mabaibulo a ndakatulo ndi Goethe, Ovidi, ndi ena ambiri.

Pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo Volpin anasamutsidwa kuti Turkmenistan mu Ashgabat. Pano, iye mwamsanga katswiri chinenero Chitekimeni ndipo anayamba kusandulika kwa folklore dziko ndi ndakatulo.

Mu zaka za kupondereza Alexander Volpin-Esenina anamangidwa ntchito odana Soviet. Chiyembekezo zinali vuto linalake, imene inatha ndi kusamuka kwa mwana wamwamuna mu United States.

Moyo njira ya ndakatulo inatha mu 1998, 9 September. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, iye amasamalira izo mkazi wakale wa Alexander - Victoria Pisac.

Volpin Nadezhda Davydovna: ntchito

Monga taonera, njira kulenga a ndakatulo inayamba mu 1920, ngakhale kuti anayesetsa kulemba ndakatulo adakali mwana wasukulu. Moscow watsegula njira zatsopano. Makamaka otchuka anali mabuku podyera "Pegasus khola" ndipo "Anthu olemba 'Cafe. Apa ndi chimodzi mwa ndakatulo Volpin nthawi iyi:

"Songs ku mmero ong'ambika,
Pamphumi wamagazi thukuta ...
dera lanu, utasintha,
Mtima ufulu woyera! "

Komabe, zambiri ndazindikiridwa ngati womasulira Volpin. Voliyumu ya ntchito wazichita alidi lingamutsatire - zikwi masamba a m'lemba. Chiyembekezo Davydovna anali munthu wophunzira kwambiri ndi kaonedwe chachikulu ndi kukumbukira kwambiri. Mavesi ambiri a akuyimba anadziwa ndi mtima. Ichi ndi mphamvu yapadera kuloweza anamuthandiza kuchidziwa ndi ambiri ndithu zilankhulo. Kuyambira 1970, Volpin wayamba ntchito pa Maulendo Ake, omwe anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za moyo ndakatulo ya Silver Age. A zambiri zosonyeza kuti kwapatsidwa kwa moyo wa Sergeya Esenina. Ntchito izi tsopano lofalitsidwa.