N'chifukwa chiyani ukalamba ndi anthu amene akufa

anthu ochepa mukudziwa, koma m'zaka za m'ma XVIII, ambiri amakhala ndi moyo zaka 24 zokha. Patatha zaka 100, nambala iyi chawonjezeka ndi theka - kwa zaka 48. Tsopano mwana ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi zaka 76. Ndi zinthu zatsopano mu zamoyo, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti chithunzi ichi adzakhala nthawi yaitali zonse.

Malonje

Lero, kufunafuna "maapulo rejuvenating" ndi yankho ku funso la anthu chifukwa ukalamba, anaikira mu kuphunzira dongosolo majini maselo, pamene tcheru zochepa linaperekedwa kwa udindo wa maganizo ndi zakudya miyoyo ya anthu. Amene kukwaniritsa chosafa iwonso zipatala odana ndi ukalamba kulipira chaka chilichonse madola 20 000 kwa timadzi mankhwala kusanthula DNA opaleshoni dziko. Komabe, njira imeneyi experimental Kodi sitingakumane chosafa - akatswiri monga kulonjeza kuti tidzakhale ndi moyo.

Pamodzi, tiyeni muzidziwa ndi chifukwa chake anthu amakalamba, kodi zizindikiro ndi zimayambitsa ukalamba ndi momwe m'mbuyo ukalamba.

Lingaliro la "ukalamba"

Mawu "ukalamba" tsopano kugwirizana ndi zodzoladzola ndi opaleshoni odana ndi okalamba. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti sayansi masiku ano amakonda kwambiri kuphunzira m'mlengalenga ndi Kutulukira umisiri watsopano. Mafumu chabe kuiwalika.

Koma Doktor Dzhon Langmore, pulofesa pa yunivesite ya Michigan, ndi gulu lake "anayang'ana" mu maselo, chimake cha moyo wa munthu. Makamaka, iye anaphunzira ndipo anapeza DNA pa malekezero ake unyolo chobwereza awiriawiri michere amene kenako anamutcha kuti "telomere". Iwo ntchito zoteteza "zisoti" pa mapeto a DNA kuti kuteteza mamolekyulu pa nthawi, n'zotheka kuti ng'ambidwa pakati, imbaenda ku ukalamba ndi kufa munthu.

Kodi "telomeres"

Asayansi dziwani kuti pamene munthu akukula, telomere kutalika amachepetsa unyolo. Pomaliza pake kukhala lalifupi kuti selo kugawanika amachititsa zolakwa amapha kapena zidutswa akusowa mu ndondomeko DNA, kuteteza maselo luso m'malo okha. Izi zimasokoneza mfundo pamene selo wataya DNA malamulo moyo ndipo sangathe kubereka yokha, lotchedwa malire Hayflick. Ndi muyeso wa kangati khungu akhoza motsanzira yokha, asanafe.

Ena mwa maselo thupi lathu ndi lalitali kwambiri Hayflick malire. Mwachitsanzo, maselo mkati pakamwa pathu ndi intestine kalekale achotsa ndipo m'malo mwake. Ndithudi, iwo amaoneka kuti athe kukula telomeres, ngakhale mukadzakula. Ndiye asayansi chidwi chifukwa ena maselo ziletsa kukula kwa telomeres msinkhu, ndi ena ayi.

"Analinganiza" maselo

Dr. Langmore ntchito thupi, amuzolengedwa ndi chibadwa njira kuphunzira kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya telomeres, anayambitsa dongosolo selo ufulu ayambe chitsanzo zinchito za telomeres ntchito DNA kupanga. Ndipo ananenanso limagwirira imene telomeres ndi "kukhazikika", ndi zinthu zimene zingawatayitse Kusakhazikika awo.

Mapuloteni zinthu "udindo" kwa olimba wa malekezero khromozomu anali anaipanga ndi kuphunzira. Elekitironi wamamamayikirosikopu kunapangitsa kuti mwachindunji udzakhalire Kapangidwe ka telomeres chitsanzo. Ili ndi phunziro chidwi zinachititsa kuti zinthu zambiri zimene zingamuthandize.

Asayansi adapeza enzyme zofunika zimene zingathe 'kusinthana kuvula "telomere kuti DNA akhoza wamphamvu mafoloko. Njirayi imatchedwa telomerase. Koma pamene ife akamakula, kuchuluka kwa telomerase maselo amachepetsa. Izi ndi yankho ku funso la chifukwa mibadwo thupi.

Zisanu ziphunzitso zazikulu

Choncho, asayansi atsimikizira kuti imfa kumachitika mogwirizana ndi imfa ya ambiri maselo. Pali ziphunzitso angapo kuti afotokoze mmene malire Hayflick m'kukoma maselo a thupi. Taganizirani iwo mwatsatanetsatane:

1. zolakwa kungoganizira. Chiphunzitsochi imalongosola zolakwika zimene mungakumane zochita mankhwala kupanga DNA ndi RNA, monga limagwirira kagayidwe kachakudya si 100% zolondola. Cell imfa kungakhale chifukwa cha zolakwa zimenezi uncorrected.

2. Chiphunzitsochi a ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira ufulu. Iwo amayankha funso la anthu chifukwa ukalamba, njira zawo. Kusalankhula ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira ingawononge nembanemba yowazungulira maselo ma DNA ndi RNA mamolekyulu. kuwonongeka ichi n'kukumana ndi selo imfa.

Panopa, chiphunzitso chimenechi mtima wonse kuphunzira. Zatsopano pa mbewa asonyeza kuti kuchepa kwa 40% ya madyedwe caloric akutitsogolera kuti anawaonjezera kuwirikiza kawiri pa moyo amayembekezeka ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira ufulu. Komanso, akatswiri anapeza kuti mavitamini E ndiponso C bwino kuyamwa iwo.

3. crosslinking chiphunzitso limanena kuti kukalamba zamoyo chifukwa mapangidwe mwachisawawa wamoyo (by crosslinking) "milatho" pakati mamolekyulu mapuloteni, amene kenako kusokoneza ndondomeko ya ulimi wa RNA ndi DNA. crosslinking izi zikhoza chifukwa cha mankhwala ambiri, kawirikawiri mu maselo chifukwa cha kagayidwe, komanso ndi Mankhwala oipitsa (mwachitsanzo, kutsogolera ndi fodya).

4. Brain kungoganizira akuyankha funso la chifukwa anthu amakalamba mwamsanga, mwa njira ina. Izi ndi chifukwa "Kulephera" mu homeostasis ntchito thupi, makamaka pa ulamuliro wa ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha pa pituitary England, womwe amachititsa anathetsa ulamuliro wa zopangitsa za endocrine.

5. Autoimmune chiphunzitso. Iwo anali akufuna ndi Dr. Roy Walford ku Los Angeles, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mitundu iwiri ya maselo mapuloteni magazi a chitetezo cha m'thupi (B ndipo T) kutaya mphamvu zawo chifukwa cha "kuukira" tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi maselo a khansa. Ndipo pamene B- ndi T-maselo kukhala zosalongosoka, iwo kupatsira maselo wathanzi.

Chifukwa okalamba anthu: zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Panthawi ina mu moyo wawo, nthawi zambiri kuyandikira kwa zaka 30, kusonyeza zizindikiro za ukalamba ayamba kukhala chenicheni. Iwo akhoza kulikonse: pakhungu makwinya, yafupika mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha mafupa ndi mafupa, ndi mtima, m'mimba ndi machitidwe mantha ndi nkhani kusintha.

Ngakhale kuti palibe amene anganene ndendende chifukwa okalamba anthu. Koma ndithudi inapeza kuti chibadwa, zakudya, masewero olimbitsa thupi, matenda, komanso zinthu zina kusonkhezera ndondomeko imeneyi.

Mosamala kuona zizindikiro ndi zimayambitsa kukalamba machitidwe yaikulu ya thupi:

1. maselo, zimakhala ndi ziwalo:

- telomeres, zomwe zili malekezero DNA m'selo iliyonse, kenako kuteteza akuwaza ya DNA;

- zinyalala kudziunjikira maselo;

- connective minofu umakhala okhwima;

- pazipita zinchito mphamvu ziwalo zambiri yafupika.

2. Mtima ndi magazi zotengera:

- mtima khoma amakhala thicker;

- mtima minofu kuyamba ntchito zochepa efficiently ikukoka yofanana magazi;

- pa msempha amakhala thicker, stiffer ndi zochepa kusintha;

- pang'onopang'ono mtsempha wamagazi kupereka magazi kwa mtima ndi ubongo, ndilo chifukwa okalamba anthu, zizindikiro ndi zoonekeratu.

3. N'kofunika mbali:

- thupi Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulamulira kutentha;

- kugunda kwa mtima imatenga nthawi yaitali kubwerera mwakale pambuyo thupi.

4. Mafupa, minofu, mafupa:

- mafupa kukhala n'kakang'ono ndi cholimba;

- mfundo - stiffer ndi zochepa kusintha;

- chichereŵechereŵe mafupa ndi mfundo anayamba kufooketsa;

- minofu minofu komanso wotaya mphamvu yake limafotokoza zimene zimachititsa okalamba anthu, zimayambitsa ndondomeko imeneyi.

5. dongosolo m'mimba:

- m'mimba, chiwindi, kapamba ndi intestine yaing'ono kutulutsa timadziti kwambiri zochepa m'mimba;

- izo kubweza kayendedwe ka chakudya kudzera dongosolo m'mimba.

6. Brain ndi mantha dongosolo:

- chiwerengero cha maselo mitsempha mu ubongo ndi msana ndi utachepa;

- mu ubongo ungadzakhazikitsidwe nyumba nthenda monga "mipukutuyi" ndi "tangles", zimene zimachititsa kuti kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zake;

- chiwerengero cha kugwirizana kwa maselo mitsempha amachepetsa.

7. Maso ndi makutu:

- diso amakhala wowonda, ndi kuwatenga ophunzira - wowawa;

- sichidziwika bwino mandala;

- makoma a ngalande khutu kukhala n'kakang'ono ndipo m'makutu - chachikulu.

8. khungu, misomali ndi tsitsi:

- Khungu ndi zaka amakhala n'kakang'ono ndi zochepa zotanuka, lomwe ndi chifukwa chake anthu amakalamba ndi maonekedwe;

- ndi zopangitsa thukuta kubala zochepa thukuta;

- misomali kukula pang'onopang'ono;

- tsitsi limayamba imvi mtundu, ndi ena ngakhale kusiya kukula.

okalamba zizindikiro

Pali zizindikiro wamba ukalamba, monga awa:

- kuchuluka chiwopsezo matenda;

- kuchepa pang'ono kukula;

- kuchuluka chiopsezo cha kutentha sitiroko kapena hypothermia;

- mafupa mosavuta kuswa;

- suopa

- zoyenda pang'onopang'ono;

- kuchepetsa mphamvu zonse;

- Kudzimbidwa ndi incontinence mkodzo;

- ndi liwiro pang'ono maganizo ndi kuwonongeka kwa chikumbukiro;

- utachepa kugwirizana;

- kuwonongeka kwa acuity zithunzi ndi kuchepa mu masomphenya zotumphukira;

- kumva;

- sagging ndi makwinya wa khungu;

- graying tsitsi;

- kuwonda.

Ndiyeno ganizirani zimene ndicho chifukwa chake munthu okalamba, ndi wotani zinthu kutichititsa achikulire.

chikoka cha shuga

Anthu amene amakonda mchere, zidzakhala zosasangalatsa kudziwa kuti shuga "imathandizira" m'badwo wathu wakale. Ngati inu mpesawo lalikulu zedi, inu posachedwapa kunenepa mwamsanga, ngati thupi lanu limakhala kuti atengeke matenda aakulu. Iwo, kumene, pang'onopang'ono "mizu" mu moyo wa munthu kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, aliyense matenda aakulu amakhudza maselo onse m'thupi. Ndipo ndicho chifukwa chake munthu okalamba pang'onopang'ono.

kusuta

Ngakhale mwana amadziwa kuti kusuta n'koipa thanzi. Ku New Zealand, mwachitsanzo, amafa chaka anthu 5000 chifukwa mavuto kusuta (kuphatikizapo chabe). Ichi ndi anthu 13 patsiku!

Lililonse kusuta adzawonjezera makwinya pa nkhope yanu. Ndipo osakaniza wambiri dzuwa ndipo komabe zimathandiza kuti maonekedwe a maselo akufa pa khungu.

chilekano

Inde, mukuwerenga kulondola! Kusiyana ndi amene amakukondani kwambiri, ndithudi, ali kungasokoneze osati pa boma wanu maganizo, komanso maonekedwe ndi thanzi.

Mu 2009, akatswiri anachita kafukufuku wa ana amapasa zofanana, chifukwa cha zimene zinadziwika kuti analekana mabanja kuyang'ana wamkulu kuposa amene anali nthawi zonse pamodzi.

Kukhala pa dzuwa

dzuŵa ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thupi la munthu, koma pamlingo winawake. Angathe kuyambitsa maonekedwe a makwinya pa khungu, ndiye zimaonekeratu chifukwa anthu ena msinkhu msanga kusiyana ndi ena.

Owonjezera dzuwa kungachititse kuti elastosis (kuchepetsa elasticity khungu) ndi maonekedwe a mawanga zambiri inki pa nkhope.

Phobias ndi nkhawa

maphunziro posachedwapa apeza kuti phobias laumwini ndi mtima imathandizira ukalamba ndi kuwonjezera zaka maonekedwe anu. Matenda nkhawa kumabweretsa zonse amasulidwe mahomoni mantha, amene zoyipa ziwalo mkati ndi zimakhala. Komanso zimathandiza kuti mapangidwe ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira ufulu, ndiwo chifukwa anthu okalamba kwambiri.

Kodi m'mbuyo koloko kwachilengedwenso

Pali mfundo zimene zingakuthandizeni paokha popanda pakuika limanena yaikulu m'mbuyo ukalamba mu thupi:

1. Phunzirani momwe angathetsere mantha anu ndi nkhawa.

2. kuletsa calorie wambiri kubweza ukalamba wako. Zotsatira kuyambirira a maphunziro pa anyani asonyeza kuti chakudya chamagulu akhoza "m'mbuyo" obwera ndi ukalamba kusintha thupi.

3. Khalani zonse. Ndipotu, amathandiza kuti amasulidwe mahomoni kukula.

4. Yesani kugona mokwanira tsiku lililonse. Only akagona Tingamvetse kubwezeretsa mphamvu zawo zonse.

5. Masulani. Sankhani njira yoyenera inu kumasuka. Mwina adzakhala akuvina, kuwerenga mabuku, kumvetsera nyimbo kapena njira chabe otentha miphika.

Pomaliza, tinganene kuti tidzakhala onse amakalamba, kaya tikufuna kapena ayi. Koma ife tikudziwa tsopano momwe m'mbuyo ndondomeko, ngakhale mlingo ma. Muyenera osati kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, komanso kuchepetsa zinthu zonse kungasokoneze pa thupi lathu.