Ndakatulo A. T. Tvardovskogo "kukumbukira Human." "Anthu kukumbukira": mwachidule

Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka Russian wolemba, dzina lake Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky, akuti ndi ndakatulo ndi luso ndi mtolankhani. Iye ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amphatso amene anazisindikizitsa zaka Soviet. Komabe, si onse mankhwala akhala ovomerezedwa ndi Kutsutsa Twardowski ndi kuvomereza kuti ilembedwe. Zinali ndakatulo "Human kukumbukira" mwa malemba woletsedwa. Chidule izo ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Ndakatulo "Human Memory", mwachidule tikambirana pansipa, wolembedwa mu 60s lapansi. Koma chifukwa cha chiletso inasindikizidwa yekha mu 1987. Zojambula ankafunira monga mbali ya ndakatulo "Mu kutali - mtunda", monga Twardowski anaitenga yosatha, zinali mtundu wa kutineneza, "unsaid. Kodi Ndingatani kusiya ... "

Komabe, patapita chaputala zina unakhazikitsidwa ngati ndakatulo osiyana. Ndipo ntchito imeneyi anasonyeza kusakhutira wa wolemba zandale ndiponso kusintha kwa 60s: poyesa lemekezani Stalin kachiwiri pothawa anthu zosankha chipani msonkhano wodzaza Ulamuliro, okhwima kufufuza, chidzudzulo mwambo makalata onyenga m'malo mwa "antchito." Zonsezi zikugwirizananso pa tsoka la mtundu wonse ndi Twardowski. Zonsezi kwambiri za wolemba, zikhoza kukhala patali ndipo akuima mphamvu ndakatulo wozenga mlandu ndi umboni wake ndi wankhanza, zochita wodyerana.

polemba chinenero apachiyambi

Kumbali ya mtundu wanyimbo ndakatulo angatchedwe ndi m'nyimbo ndi nzeru zaumunthu mawunikidwe. Ngakhale mlakatuli yekha limautcha 'kuyenda tsikulo ". The atchulidwa maso ntchito: Soviet dziko, anthu okhala mmenemo, komanso zochita zawo ndiponso kuchita.

N'zochititsa chidwi mtundu wanyimbo m'maganizo a mankhwala "Human Memory", mwachidule zomwe zimasonyeza kuti pali pamaso pa nthano ndi ngwazi matsenga:

• ndi protagonist abwelela kunyumba;
• ngwazi-wothandizira - ndi thalakitala;
• antihero - mbala;
• mpulumutsi - Stalin.

Komanso kuchuluka kwa chiyambi fairytale akuti kuchuluka kwa mawu, mawu, miyambi kalembedwe wowerengeka. Choncho, Twardowski amaonetsera zenizeni mu mawonekedwe m'nthano, kotero nkhani zambiri ndi tanthauzo lakuya wophiphiritsa.

mutu

Nkhani yaikulu ndakatulo "Human Memory" (mwachidule akutsimikiza mfundo imeneyi) - mutu wa pamtima. Koma vutoli adziwonetsa ena, owopsa - udindo pamaso pa ana a kusafuna kuthana ndi zimene zinachitika kale, "Ndani amabisa m'mbuyomu ... kuti ndi chodziwikiratu ndi tsogolo mogwirizana." Twardowski ankaganiza kuti palibe wina akhoza kuiwala zakale, chifukwa limagwira ntchito kwa onse ndiponso zimakhudza tsogolo la dziko, chitukuko ndi umoyo wa anthu.

Ndakatulo anamanga monga limaonetseratu m'nyimbo monologue, imfa yovuta kupitiriza ndi kugwirizana pakati pa chiwonongeko mibadwo.

Ndakatulo "Mu Memory ufulu": Mwachidule

ntchito agawidwa magawo atatu. Woyamba amachita mbali ndi kukumbukira unyamata a wolemba, izo zikumveka ofunda, nditaona, wodzala ndi mapulani ndi maloto: "Ndipo kumene, mmodzi wa ife amene ... amve unyamata wake."

wamng'ono ndakatulo maloto mkulu ndi wangwiro, chikhumbo chachikulu - kugwira ntchito kwa dziko. Ndipo ngati n'koyenera, ndi wokonzeka kufera dziko lawo ndi moyo. Wolemba ndi kukhumba ndi chisoni anati naivety wake achinyamata ndipo umbuli wa mavuto onse amene wakonza tsoka: ". Kukonda mbadwa dziko lawo mayi, / kuti moto ndi madzi"

Chaputala chachiwiri cha mankhwala "Human Memory", nkhani zimene ife zolowa, amatchedwa "Mwana wa Atate akuyankha." Izi ndi mbali movutika si mu ndakatuloyi, komanso moyo Twardowski. chakuti banja wolembayo anali anagonjetsa ndi ku Siberia, iye anakhala Tvardovsky ku Smolensk kokha chifukwa alekanitsidwa ndi mabanja awo mu zaka. Kuthandiza kutseka ndakatulo sakadakhoza kuchita kanthu, ndipo adzazunzidwa moyo wake onse. Komanso manyazi munakhala "mwana wa nkhonya", omwe sakhala moyo mosavuta kwa Soviet Union. Iwo zitsanzo zimenezi zikugwirizananso ndi ndakatulo wake: "Yamikani anthu a bambo ake, iye adawakhululukira inu bambo."

Gawo lachitatu la ndakatuloyi zikumveka inde monologue, pamene wolemba kuteteza ufulu pamtima. Only mpaka pamene ana a kumbukirani ntchito za makolo awo, iwo ali moyo. Memory - mphatso yamtengo wapatali ya munthu, ndipo iye sayenera izo.

kusanthula

Ndakatulo "Human Memory" otsutsa ambiri ankatchedwa kulapa Twardowski. Mmenemo ndakatulo akuyesera kuti aphimbe zolakwa za unyamata, chisoni ndi chisoni adatsanulidwa mizere wokongola wa mwapang'ono.

Mu chaputala choyamba, pamodzi ndi chikumbumtima unyamata Tingaone ndi mmene zinthu zidzakhalire kusintha zakale zomwe isanduke mavuto nkhondo ya ngwazi, osati kokha ndi chowonadi ozungulira, komanso tokha. Nkhondo mkati adzakhala waukulu mankhwala a mutu wachiwiri. Wolemba ndakatulo akuyang'ana kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana za mawu a Stalin, "Mwana wa bambo akuyankha". mawu awa anali ngati kasupe amene sanafune kugawana za tsogolo la makolo ake. Komabe, m'nyimbo "Ine" a ndakatulo iyi akukana thandizo, iye safuna kuti akampereke bambo ake. Komanso aweruzira makolo ukapolo. Twardowski ndi wokonzeka kuyankha kwa izo, ndi ufulu wodziteteza ubale anthu kuti mdani wa anthu, potero poyesa kuti aphimbe unyamata tikumupachikaso banja lake.

Koma m'kupita kwa lingaliro la udindo zokhudza makolo, umasanduka udindo kukwaniritsidwa kwa dziko lonse. Ndipotu, chimene chinachitika mu masiku a Stalin, olakwa onse amene anayang'ana pa mwakachetechete kupondereza.

Pomaliza

Twardowski ndakatulo "Memory Human" anasonyeza mayesero onse amene agwa kuti ndakatulo iyi pa msewu wa moyo. Izi kupondereza Stalinist ndi Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi katundu pambuyo nkhondo nyengo, ndi m'firiji pamtunda. ntchito yake analetsedwa kuvomereza, ndi kulira moyo, umene ndi sanathenso wosayankha mbiri ya moyo wawo.