Ndege Lamulungu 25: zaumisiri specifications, miyeso, malongosoledwe. Mbiri ya chilengedwe

The Soviet ndi Russian ndege ali zambiri lodziwika bwino ndege, dzina limene amadziwika kuti munthu aliyense amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana, chidwi zida za nkhondo. Nkhawa anthu "Rook" - Lamulungu 25 kuukira ndege. Luso specifications a makina ndi bwino kuti sikuti lero chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nkhondo padziko lonse, komanso mosalekeza akweza.

mwachidule

Monga tanenera kale, kuukira. Flight liwiro - subsonic; Ndi buku labwino. makina lakonzedwa kuphimba mphamvu pomenyana kapena kanthu palokha kukhala mbali ya mayunitsi ndege, akhoza kukantha pa accumulations la anthu oti ndi mdani magalimoto oti muli nazo zida, zouluka nthawi iliyonse ndipo pafupifupi zinthu zonse nyengo. Kodi ukhoza kuyambitsa SU 25 kufotokoza? Sewerolo makhalidwe la ndegeyo kotero mosalekeza kuti mungagwiritse ntchito buku lonse! Komabe, yesani kuchita lalifupi kwambiri nkhani.

The ndege yoyamba ikuchitika pa mapeto a February 1975. makina ntchito kwambiri kuyambira 1981, ndege anali pa nkhondo zonse zida pa dera la Soviet Union, ndipo osati. The akutchulidwa komaliza wa ntchito - nkhondo mu 2008 Ossetia chaka. Lero tikudziwa kuti mndandanda wa kuukira ndege adzakhala utumiki wa asilikali athu mpaka 2020, koma - phunziro kwa kupezeka kwa zosintha ano ndi kuti boma chifukwa kupitiriza Atamasulidwa - mawu amene bwino ankatembenukira kalekale. Pa nthawi, Russia lili 200 Lamulungu 25. Luso makhalidwe makina ataima pa maso imayendetsedwa ndi kukulitsa zawo zonse zenizeni ano.

kulemba

Padziko pakati 60s ndi zinthu lankhondo la Soviet Union ndi United States akhala akukonza ndi kusintha kwambiri. Pa nthawi imeneyo zinaonekeratu kuti ndigwira ankayembekezera lingaliro la onongani mdani mwa zida za nyukiliya - ndi kudzipha opusa padziko lonse. Onse anazindikira kuti tiyenera kuganizira kugwiritsa ntchito zida wamba. Ndipo chifukwa awiri mayiko kunkhondo ankamvetsera mwatcheru citukuko ca mwatsatanetsatane ndege monga waukulu chidwi mphamvu pankhondo zonse za m'zaka za posachedwapa.

Masiku amenewo, Soviet Union anali zida: ndi MiG 19, MiG 21, Lamulungu-7b, ndi Yak 28. makina amenewa anali abwino kwambiri, koma ntchito mwachindunji pa nkhondo ndithu si bwino. Iwo anali kwambiri ndege liwiro, koma chifukwa sangathe kupendeketsa ndi kumumenya mipherezero yaing'ono. Komanso, mtanda pa makhalidwe awo kumenya kukhala kusowa wathunthu wa kusungitsa: chifukwa mipherezero nthaka pansi kuukira kwa ndege izi kuti angabweretse munthu ngozi mfuti iliyonse. Zinali ndiye kuti prerequisites kwa SU 25 anaikidwa. Luso specifications za makina atsopano ayenera chinachake kubwereza anthu kwa lodziwika bwino IL-2: zida, see, ang'ono ukuuluka liwiro ndi armament.

mudziwe mwachidule za chitukuko

Choncho, asilikali Zinkafunikiradi mu ndege apadera. Sukhoi posachedwa anapereka polojekiti T-8, amene anayamba kupanga ndi akatswiri pa kanthu yake. Kuwonjezera iye, mu 1969 mpikisano panafika ndi Il 102, koma tsogolo, "Grach" akutsutsana wosiyana wamng'ono kukula, zida, ndi maneuverability. N'chifukwa chake "khitchini" chitukuko cha kuwala wobiriwira anapatsidwa, ndi vuto latsopano ndi ulemu wadutsa mayesero onse. Izi zinali kukuchitika chifukwa chakuti okonza achita ntchito polenga mfundo ya pazipita survivability kumenyana galimoto m'mikhalidwe yonse.

Makamaka kwambiri chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mphamvu zomuthandiza zotsatira za MANPADS kuukira ndege, umene panthawi imeneyo anayamba kuoneka paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi asilikali a adani angathe. Kuti US "mbola" anakhala mutu weniweni wa ndege athu Afghanistan, choncho onse miyezo anatengedwa sanali kuthetsa.

"Thanki" njira

Chinachake mosiyana analenga Lamulungu-25T. History, makhalidwe a manja ake mbali imodzi ndi kukula galimoto oti muli nazo zida nyengo. NATO yapanga ndalama pa komaliza katundu ndi mwangwiro atetezedwe akasinja, choncho chofunika wapadera "subspecies" kuukira ndege, zomwe zingachititse kuti kuukira wina imathamanga m'munsi, kupereka bwino chandamale chiwonongeko.

Analandira kusinthidwa izi anavomerezedwa mu 1993. Mosiyana ndi muyezo "Rook" zazing'ono, koma iwo ali. Kugwirizana kwathunthu ndi "kholo" ndege - 85%. Chachikulu kusiyana ndi wangwiro akuonadi zida ndi zovuta mivi odana thanki "Whirlwind". Mwatsoka, kugwa kwa Union of magalimoto 12 anamanga, 8 okha anali mu Russia. kupanga ena ndi wamakono ndege izi zidalengedwa. Mwachisoni, Lamulungu-25T, ntchito makhalidwe amene amalola molimba kugunda akasinja onse Western, salinso kuwuluka ndi kuvala magalimoto wosatha pakati Makhachkala.

zinthu zofunika:

Mapulani imachitika ntchito okhazikika bwino yachibadwa kuuluka bwino potsatira njira kasinthidwe ndi udindo wodziwika mapiko. Mosiyana omenyana, chifukwa kuukira ganizo limeneli afika mlingo pazipita maneuverability imathamanga subsonic.

Kwa nthawi yaitali akatswiri analimbana ndi mulingo woyenera kuuluka bwino potsatira njira kasinthidwe za makina, koma khama alibe kumizidwa pachabe: pali ziwawa za m'mwamba mu mitundu yonse ya nkhondowo amayendetsera, chabwino ndege aerodynamics, maneuverability kwambiri pobwera kuukira mipherezero pansi. Chifukwa aerodynamics wapadera SU 25, makhalidwe luso amene m'nkhani, ndi mphamvu kupita pa kuukira pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ovuta, pokhalabe mkulu ndege kupewa ngozi. Komanso, ndege angathe kuyenda pansi pa madzi pa liwiro 700. Km / h, pamene kukhala kuweramira madigiri 30.

Zonsezi, komanso ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri a zosungitsa, osati kamodzi analola oyendetsa kubwerera kuchiyika pa injini limodzi lokha, ndi fuselage, kudzera anamulasa ndi mangled mabomba a maroketi ndi zipolopolo MANPADS makina katundu mfuti.

galimoto chitetezo

Onse ndege ntchito Lamulungu 25 ingathe pang'ono, ngati mlingo wa chitetezo cha makina. A digiri ya mkulu uyu. Zofunika kulemera "Rook" uposa 7% wapangidwa zinthu za zosungitsa ndi machitidwe ena zozitetezera. Kulemera kwa mtundu uwu ndi matani zambiri! Onse machitidwe ndege yofunika osati kwambiri kumuteteza komanso lingafanane. Koma chimake cha kutukula Sukhoi linaperekedwa kwa chitetezo cha dongosolo mafuta ndi cockpit.

kapisozi wake wonse unapangidwa titaniyamu aloyi ABVT-20. The makulidwe a zida (pa malo osiyana) kuchokera mamilimita 10 ndi 24. Ngakhale windscreen glazing ndi monolithic chipika TSK 137 mu 65 mamilimita wandiweyani, amene amathandiza woyendetsa kutetezedwa zipolopolo, kuphatikizapo likungosonyeza lalikulu kwambiri. Makulidwe bronespinki woyendetsa - 10 mm. mutu A kuteteza 6mm mbale. Osati zoipa, sichoncho? Koma si onse.

M'madera onse a katswiri woyendetsa zimatetezedwa ku kuwomba mfuti likungosonyeza kuti 12,7 mamilimita kuphatikiza, ndi ziyerekezo kutsogolo popewa mliri ku chida barreled, ndi likungosonyeza amene ali 30 mamilimita palimodzi. Mwa chidule, Lamulungu 25, makhalidwe luso lomwe ali kutsidya lina matamando, kuyima osati yekha komanso kwa moyo wa woyendetsa, amene wamaliza.

Za mwayi wa achoke

Mwadzidzidzi, woyendetsa mayankho chipulumutso catapult mpando K-36L. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa modes onse ndege, pa liwiro onse ndi zikhalidwe za nyengo. Pamaso ejection denga ndi bwererani ntchito squibs. Ejection mpando ikuchitika pamanja ndi woyendetsa ayenera imodzi kukoka zigwiriro ziwiri.

armament kuukira ndege

Inde, Lamulungu 25 'Grach' mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso makhalidwe amene afotokozedwa mu masamba a m'nkhaniyi, kodi si bwino zida. Izo zili ndi mfuti ndege, pa katundu kunja akhoza anapachika motsogozedwa ndi mabomba unguided, Nursi, komanso mabomba kutsogoleredwa "mpweya ndi mpweya." okonza onse m'gulu kuti n'zotheka zosachepera 32 yonse ya zida zosiyanasiyana. Anthu ogwira ntchito yaikulu - 30 mm Cannon GS-30-2.

Dziwani kuti onse kulongosola za Lamulungu-25K mndandanda 8 kupanga umene waima utumiki wa Russian Federation Air Force. Pali zosintha zina (monga Lamulungu-25T), koma makina amenewa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri motero kuti ntchito iliyonse amasewera. Koma tiyeni tionenso Kuwulura makhalidwe a "Rook".

zida zina - ZOWONJEZERA zimaonetsedwa malingana ndi maonekedwe a ntchito pa nkhondo adzakhala ndi chintchito woyendetsa kuukira ndege. Pansi pa phiko lili ndi mfundo kuyimitsidwa asanu osiyanasiyana zida. Kutsogoleredwa mizinga wokwera pa launchers APU 60 chitsanzo mabomba ena, maroketi, ndiponso Nursi ndi pylons lembani CDD 25. Zolemba malire kulemera chiwonongeko zikutanthauza amene akhoza kukwaniritsa kumuukira, ndi 4400 kg.

makhalidwe ntchito kiyi

Kukuthandizani ankaganiza kuti angathe Lamulungu 25, makhalidwe luso zotsatira zabwino lomaliza mndandanda:

• Full wingspan - 14,36 m.
• Total ndege kutalika - 15,36 m.
• Nyumba kutalika - 4,80 m.
• Phiko malo okwana - 33,70 m.
• Kanthu kulemera - 9500 kg.
• Muyezo kudzachitika-kuchokera kulemera - 14600 kg.
• Zolemba malire kudzachitika-kuchokera kulemera - 17600 kg.
• Engine Mtundu - 2hTRD P-195 (pa ndege yoyamba - R95SH).
• Liwiro pa nyanja - 975 Km / h.
• Zolemba malire osiyanasiyana (ndi akasinja dontho) - 1850 Km.
• The utali wozungulira pa pazipita kutalika - 1250 Km.
• Malire a ndege pamwamba pansi, zinthu nkhondowo - 750 Km.
• Flight denga - 10 Km.
• Kugwiritsa kutalika kwa nkhondowo ntchito (Max.) - 5 Km.
• Zolemba malire zimamuchulukira mu mode nkhondowo - 6.5 G.
• Adalira - woyendetsa ndege.

Kodi inu mukudziwa pamene ndege Lamulungu 25, koyamba kutsimikiziridwa makhalidwe luso lomwenso takambirana chabe?

Afghanistan

Mu March 1980, makina chipani, ngakhale zionetsero vehement akatswiri alibe nthawi kuwatulutsira kwa adakhumba "chikhalidwe", anatumizidwa ku Afghanistan. oyendetsa The analibe zinachitikira moyenera nkhondo mu mapiri, ndi airfield yokha inali bwino pamwamba pa nyanja. Chifukwa masabata woyamba wa timu ndege kupereka kusintha machenjerero ndi kuululidwa "matenda ubwana" ndege, chimene chimaonekera mavuto phiri.

Pofika sabata chachiwiri, njira yatsopano wachita m'chigawo Farakh. Ndipo pomwepo zinaonekeratu kuti Soviet Union kunaposa kuukira ndege. Ngakhale kuti akatswiri ali osavomerezeka pa zimamuchulukira woyamba "Makwangwala Olimbana" zipolopolo yolemera matani anayi, panafunika mwamsanga. Mosiyana ndi Lamulungu 17, chimene chikanakhoza kutenga pazipita matani 1.5 mabomba, kuukira watsopano anakweza kumwamba asanu ndi atatu zipolopolo pyatisotkilogrammovyh lolemera kuti mpata bunkers nthawi losindikizidwa ndi m'mapanga, amene anabisa Mujahideen. Ngakhale ndiye, asilikali anakhala nkhoswe odzipereka kwa kukhazikitsidwa othamanga za makina mu utumiki.

polimbana MANPADS

Kudzera mwa khama la America ndi Afghanistan Chinese msanga anaonekera MANPADS ano. Pofuna iwo maofesi inaimitsidwa ntchito ACO-2, umene aliyense makaseti 32 pali IR msampha. Pa iliyonse ndege akhoza popachika eyiti maofesi amenewa. Zimenezi zimathandiza woyendetsa ndi chiopsezo kochepa kuchita ndi inayi shturmovok iliyonse sortie.