Ndi inflorescence ndi zimene tanthauzo lake kwachilengedwenso chiyani?

Wokongola minda ndi onunkhira ulemerero wa maluwa wosakhwima anali singasiyanitsidwe chokongoletsera nyumba chabwino nthawi zonse ndi mibadwo. minda Royal, Boyarsky Dvor, Manor kwenikweni akhala wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba malo zodabwitsa kuti maonekedwe awo anakweza maganizo ndipo anapanga kumva wowonda, akuthwa, kumakhaladi chikondi.

Today maluwa - monga ulemerero waukulu moyo wa mkazi, ndi anthu onse. zosiyanasiyana awo yaikulu chabe chodabwitsa: zakutchire, wokongola ndi yosavuta, makamaka wamkulu munda, lalikulu ndi onunkhira, amamwa mbiya, amatha kukongoletsa malo.

Komabe, anthu ochepa ankaganiza kuti inflorescence ndi ku mfundo za sayansi view.

maganizo

Ndipotu, yankho ndi wosavuta. ndi inflorescence mu zamoyo chiyani? Izi gulu la maluwa pa mbewu ili mwapadera pa olamulira chomwecho. Komanso, nthawi yosiyana, motero, ndipo si mitundu womwewo wa nyumba.

Pofuna kupeza maluwa zogulitsa nakulitsa zomera popanda inflorescences. Izi lalikulu, zowala ndi umodzi maluwa mawonekedwe zachilendo, mtundu, khungu, kapena kununkhira. A iwo kupanga bouquets kaso, mitanga, kukonzekera maluwa. Komabe, zomera kuthupi kukhala zinthu zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri sing'anga-kakulidwe maluwa ndi ambiri anasonkhana m'njira inayake. ndi inflorescence a zomera chiyani? Taganizirani tsatanetsatane.

mbali structural

Kuyambira mfundo zamoyo view, pali mitundu iwiri yaikulu ya kapangidwe inflorescence:

1. Botricheskoe kapena bokotsvetnoe. Awa ndi zomera kuti ndi maluwa ambiri anasonkhana pa olamulira yemweyo mu mtundu wina, koma maluwa amayamba okha ndi pansi. Pamwamba ambiri maluwa akuyamba mochuluka lomaliza. Zikuphatikizapo inflorescences losavuta: burashi, makutu, ambulera, chenjerani ndi anthu ena.
2. Tsimoznoe. ndi inflorescence tione ngati chiyani? Kumasiyana ndi gulu lapitalo, kuti apical maluwa iye anaulula poyamba, ndiyeno zimakupiza pachimake ena m'munsi mwake. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo pang'ono zovuta inflorescences: monohazy, dichasium ndi pleyohazy.

Aliyense maluwa ali zonse zofunika kukhazikitsa ntchito ubereki mbali structural: cholandirira, peduncle, stipules, pistil ndi stamens. makulidwe awo zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wa zomera, komanso kuchuluka. Mwachitsanzo, mitengo ina ya kanjedza ndi agaves, pali masauzande a maluwa inflorescence, ndi kukula ukufika mamita 14 mkulu ndi mamita 12 m'lifupi.

mitundu

Tsatirani funso kuti kodi inflorescence a zomera, adzawachititsa pang'ono chosavuta gulu la zonse:

• botricheskie yosavuta;
• zovuta;
• tsimoznye;
• single maluwa.

Aliyense mtundu zikuphatikizapo mitundu zingapo, zimene tiyenela kuiganizila mwatsatanetsatane.

inflorescences yosavuta

The oimira gulu dongosolo losavuta. Mitundu otsatirawa a inflorescence ndi kuperekedwa mu Baibulo ili:

• Burashi - pa olamulira yaikulu maluwa ambiri ang'ono omwe m'pofunika kukhala ndi peduncle. Zitsanzo za zomera: yamatcheri, wokoma mtola, wakuda dzombe, toadflax, kakombo, belu, kabichi ndi zina.
• Kolos - pa tsinde chachikulu (nthaŵi yaitali) pali maluwa ambiri, koma popanda peduncles, kuti amangokhala. Zitsanzo: verbena, maluwa, plantain, sedge, orchis, chimanga (wamkazi dongosolo), ndi ena.
• Chisononkho - olamulira waukulu kwambiri wandiweyani, olimba ndi minofu. Pa si lalikulu maluwa sessile ndi manambala osiyanasiyana. Zitsanzo: calla, arum, calamus. Zomera ambiri mu pepala m'munsi aumbike kuphimba mitundu yowala.
• Zambiri mbale - Ine ndikudabwa zimene inflorescence akufanana burashi, koma losiyana Mbali. Pedicels wa maluwa m'munsi ndi wautali, zomwe zimawachititsa ofanana msinkhu ndi aliyense. Chifukwa, mawonekedwe ambiri analandira mwa mawonekedwe a pepala mosalekeza. Zitsanzo: apulo, hawthorn, peyala, spirea, maula.
• Zambiri ambulera - ndi chomera ndi olamulira wamfupi chachikulu. nthawi zambiri aafupi kuti maluwa onse mofanana mapesi kutalika amaoneka akutuluka pamwamba m'dzenjewo. Zitsanzo: Primrose, Primrose, Angelica, fennel, kaloti, anyezi, chitumbuwa, adyo, ndi zina zotero.
• Mutu - n'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuti limatchedwa inflorescence zovuta monga izo zikuwoneka zophweka. Olamulira yaikulu ndi adzafupikitsidwa kuti pafupifupi wosaoneka, ndipo ambiri sing'anga-kakulidwe maluwa ndi kusonkhanitsidwa wandiweyani kapu pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, mwina kwathunthu kapena pafupifupi munthu peduncles amangokhala. Imeneyi complicates kapangidwe wonse. Zitsanzo za zomera: clover, nyemba, ADOXA, teasel ndi ena.
• Dengu - ofanana kwambiri mutu ali yaikulu olamulira patelliform thickening pa pamwamba pa. Choncho likukhalira maluwa ankaona kuti kukhala pa maziko wamba. Makamaka wamba ndi inflorescence mu oimira banja Compositae. Zitsanzo: dandelion, mpendadzuwa, chamomile, cornflower, chicory, aster, Cirsium, Yerusalemu atitchoku, kosmeya ndi ena. Mtanga wina akhoza anakonza osiyanasiyana maluwa: bango, nyuzi woboola pakati kapena lozhnoyazychkovye. Izo zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu. Komanso, masamba ndi tsinde lokhala kwambiri anakonza zoti akhale pansi lamina, chinkhoswe m'munsi.

zovuta inflorescence

gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo anthu amene anasonkhana kuchokera wamba ochepa ndipo ili mbewu yomweyo. Ndiponso, izi mitundu ya inflorescences ndi mbali imodzi: gawo la zinthu ikhoza kukhala mtundu womwewo kapena chosiyana. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kudziwa mtundu wa kuchulukana kwambiri ndi osakaniza mbali zosiyanasiyana. Total inflorescences ovuta monga mitundu isanu.

Khutu ambulera

Takambirana kale anafotokoza kuti zimenezi inflorescence zovuta. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za mitundu yeniyeni.

• Kukwera ndi ochepa, osavuta spikelets anasonkhana pa olamulira yaikulu ya kapangidwe wamba. Likukhalira ambiri mwa zigawo izi mkati chomera. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu Tingaone mu dzinthu: rye, tirigu, balere, Mapila, ndi nthenga ena.
• Cyme wamangidwa pa mfundo yomweyo, chabe umbel yosavuta. Yodziwika ndi inflorescences amenewo kwa akuluakulu a banja la dzina yemweyo: goutweed, Angelica, udzu winawake, chitowe, hemlock, parsley, fennel ndi ena.

Whisk ndipo akatero

Panicle zovuta kutchedwa inflorescence, wopangidwa mwa olamulira yaikulu ya nthambi mbali pa amene anakonza pa pamwamba osiyana maluwa burashi. Kunja, nthumwi awa pleyohazii ofanana kwambiri (tsimoidnye inflorescence). Zitsanzo za zomera: Lilac, moto, chitsamba chowawa, okoma chimanga (mwamuna maluwa) ndi ena.

Chishango tichipeza msonkhano yosavuta inflorescences ngati. Iwo ali mawonekedwe ili pa yemweyo kutalika silnovetvyaschihsya pa peduncles osiyana nkhwangwa ndi maluwa pamwamba. Zitsanzo za zomera: kiranberi, elderberry, ndi ena.

catkin

Izi ndi inflorescence zovuta, zomwe ndi ikulendewera dongosolo, kwathunthu amafa pambuyo fruiting kapena maluwa zomera. Pa tsinde waukulu anasonkhana burashi kapena spikelets wa maluwa ang'onoang'ono wamba wooneka zambiri woyera woongoka mtundu. Zitsanzo za zomera: birch, alder, otuwira, otuwira, popula ndi ena.

cyme

Izi ndi gulu chotero, chomwe amakhala ndi kukolezera ngati masamba ukufalikira. Iwo imayamba duwa pamwamba kuti Korona kutsinde chachikulu. Ndiye kulumikiza kapangidwe onse chimapangitsa. Mu zonse, gulu la inflorescences monga mitundu itatu:

1. Monohazy. Dzina chachiwiri - ndi umodzi-mtengo verhotsvetnik. Kapangidwe ka inflorescence wamangidwa pa mfundo za mwauzimu lapansi. Olamulira waukulu umatha ndi maluwa limodzi pamwamba, amene uli kusungunuka woyamba, pamene nthawi ifika. Pambuyo uli kusungunuka Mphukira chachiwiri, monga wosakwatiwa, yomwe ili mbali pansipa olamulira m'mbuyomu. Kenako wachitatu, komanso pa tsinde osiyana lateral nthambi. Ndipo kotero mwauzimu pafupifupi pansi pa mphukira kufika pa tsinde chachikulu, aposa ndi maluwa umodzi, monga kulamulira, sing'anga kapena zamitundu lalikulu.
2. Dihazialnye inflorescences. Dzina chachiwiri - verhotsvetnik-mtengo. kobvuta kwambiri kapangidwe dongosolo. The ndodo waukulu umatha ndi maluwa limodzi, amene uli kusungunuka choyamba. Ndiye tiwonjezere axially moyang'anana kuwonjezera sidetracks, amene kukula mu msinkhu monga waukulu ndi kutha ndi maluwa umodzi. Pansipa - olamulira a dongosolo wachitatu mu kalembedwe chomwecho, ndi zina zotero. Ambiri, likukhalira zovuta kwambiri gulu dongosolo, pang'ono ngati ambulera yosavuta.
3. Pleyohazy. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi ofanana ndi zovuta inflorescence ambulera. Mu wina wotchedwa multipath verhotsvetnikom. Zimene imaimira? Olamulira waukulu akumaliza apical maluwa motalika kokwanira, kupasuka choyamba. Kenako anachoka ku olamulira chachikulu cha mbali, kwa iye - mbali ochepa, kwa iwo - zotsatirazi. Lililonse mphukira pang'ono umabala pamwamba duwa limodzi. Ambiri, mbewu imodzi maluwa zonse akufanana ndi akuzinga wabwino maluwa.

Glomerulus - cyme

Makamaka mu dongosolo, izo si wamba. Ikukhala ngati mwamphamvu panali maluwa mutu. A kuchuluka peduncles maluwa ang'onoang'ono osauka, wopota pamodzi mu dongosolo limodzi, wotchedwa glomerulus.

Chitsanzo chabwino ndi inflorescence a zomera monga Kinoya, Beet, sipinachi zakutchire, barnyardgrass, Kalidium, pigweed, Salsola ndi ena.

Udindo ndi kufunika

Icho tsopano yokhayo yodziwira, kodi mtengo wa inflorescences. Chifukwa iwo anapanga zomera? Kumene, chifukwa munthu ndi wamtengo wapatali zokongoletsa. Komanso, nthawi zambiri maluwa kukhala zinthu za ntchito mankhwala kwa yokonza infusions, decoctions.

Koma kuti ndi zomera okha ndi tanthauzo zamoyo inflorescences mu zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Maluwa ang'onoang'ono kwambiri kapena sing'anga-kakulidwe adzabwera palimodzi, noticeable zambiri adzakhala nthumwi ya zomera kwa mungu tizilombo. Makamaka, ngati imayendetsedwa ndi zambiri ndi kowala mtundu corolla.
• Mapangidwe inflorescences amalola zomera kusiya mungu zambiri mphepo kenako dissipate izo.
• M'nkhalango malo zambiri zaphindu kwabasi pamodzi maluwa inflorescence, monga mwa njira imeneyi amakhala ovuta kuphimba ngakhale masamba a mitengo, kutanthauza kuti zimaonekera mungu.
• Inflorescences wa kuposa kumangosangalala ndi kufalitsa mungu mtanda kubereketsa zomera.

Kuti ali ndi udindo waukulu - kuonjezera mlingo wa kubereka, zimakhala lalikulu kwa msasawu, kuti kupereka umoyo wa ana m'tsogolo.