Ngwazi za chameleon ndi ndani? Tikatha kupenda nkhani AP Chekhov a "bilimankhwe"

"Kufupika - mlongo luntha." Mwambi umenewu ungagwiritsidwe ndi kupambana kwa zilandiridwenso Mlembi wake, Anton Chekhov. Musapitirire nkhani yochepa kapena buku, iye sakanakhoza kulenga zithunzi succinct, bwanji ambiri mitu yosiyanasiyana - chikhalidwe ndi wosatha. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayina a okamba, zigawo, mouma ndemanga pa zochita za ngwazi, Chekhov kusandulika tsiku ndi tsiku, zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku mu chinachake zambiri - chinachake chimene chimathandiza kuti uweruze ngati munthu chabwino kapena choipa, osangalala, etc. Zonsezi zikhoza kugwiritsidwa pa nkhani ya "bilimankhwe". Monga wolemba amatanthauza Khriukin ndi Ochumelovu? ngwazi za chameleon ndi ndani? Yankho la funso limeneli ndi nkhani imeneyi.

Mbiri ya mtundu wanyimbo ndi mbali

"Bilimankhwe" wa mtundu wanyimbo a nkhani zoseketsa. Monga mukudziwa, pa nthawi oyambirira a ntchito yake (80s pozaproshlogodnego m'ma) Chekhov analenga ambiri, ngati si mazana, nkhani zosiyanasiyana, nkhani lalifupi, "zithunzi", "melochishek" ndi zithunzi. Mu nawo, kunyoza zolakwa zawo zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo "bilimankhwe" kulembedwa mu 1884 ndipo inafalitsidwa mu "makombo" pansi pa pseudonym Antosha Chehonte, yotero. Tiyeni tiyese muganize momwe kupanda chosekedwa Chekhov nthawi iyi, ndi amene anthu a m'nkhaniyi ndi bilimankhwe. Koma choyamba ife tisanthule zili.

nkhani

Chinthu chapadera cha prose Chekhov a - mphamvu. Palibe kuganizira yaitali, wolemba otchula zapitazi. M'malo mwake, zochita zikuchitika pano ndi tsopano, mwamsanga kwambiri. Nkhani limayamba ndi kufotokoza mmene apolisi woyang'anira dzina Ochumelov amapita pa msika. Kufotokozera za mfundo za maonekedwe a ngwazi za, komanso malo ozungulira, anapatsidwa mouma. Komabe, owerenga ndi malingaliro abwino si zovuta kuganizira zowonjezera wazaka zapakati munthu (bwino, zimene angakhale apolisi Superintendent) ndi kuyenda pambali pake wapolisi, amene dzanja lake lili pa katundu kwambiri - ndi sieve ndi gooseberries analandidwa. Pa lalikulu chete kwambiri ndi ogwetsa ( "palibe ngakhale anthu osauka"). N'zosadabwitsa kuti ankafotokozedwa m'mudzimo linga la bourgeoisie zazing'ono, zimene Chekhov anali kunyansidwa zoopsa.

Koma ku nkhani. Ooneka enieni chionetsero Ochumelova ndi mkuluyu kaye phokoso. China chachiwiri - ndi amuna kuona mmene barani galu akuthamanga woyamba ndiyeno kuthamangitsa Khriukin ake, osula golidi, ndi chala wamagazi. Ukumana khamu. Ochumelov amamva nkhani ya wovulalayo (amene galu pang'ono chifukwa cha woledzera kuti adakutokosani iye pokumana ndi ndudu) ndi anamaliza: kuwononga galu. Koma ndiye munthu wina amaona kuti nyama mwina wa General. Ochumelov yomweyo amakhala mbali galu, pamene wapolisi si amakayikira za chiyambi cha galu. Choncho Ochumelov ine kangapo maganizo ake, pamene akudutsa Prokhorov, kuphika ambiri alibe kusonyeza: nyama wa m'bale wa onse, amene inu kudzacheza. Izo zimapangitsa woyang'anira kumwetulira mokoma ndi kumuopseza Khryukin. Pothera nkhani. Chinthu chimodzi chili bwinobwino ndiye bilimankhwe mu nkhani Chekhov chiyani? Ndipo mmene kufotokoza mutu wa ntchito? The retelling watsiku ndi nkhani ya lemba sudzapereka ndi kuyankha mafunso amenewa.

Choncho zimene anthu a m'nkhaniyi ndi bilimankhwe?

Mu Chekhov ndi prose poyerekeza ndi khalidwe la nyama zonse amatanthauza ziyenera zake zoipa. Amene chabe sichingapezeke mu nkhani wolemba: ndipo ozungulira, ngati kachilomboka, ndi protagonist, ali ndi mkazi hering'i. Ndipo ngati si kwerani nkhosa mu amati anthu - vuto! Nthawi zambiri mu bestiary limeneli lili chameleons, omwe angathe kusintha maganizo awo, poyerekezera ndi chilengedwe. Choncho amene anthu a m'nkhaniyi ndi bilimankhwe? Yankho lake ndi losavuta: pa zinyama Ochumelov, kusintha khalidwe chimene chinapangitsa anadabwa cha khamu la anthu, ndipo wowerenga - ndi nditaona kumwetulira.

madyerero azithunzithunzi

Kuwonjezera kufananitsa nyama Chekhov amatanthauza njira zina azithunzithunzi, mwachitsanzo mayina wokamba. Mphutsi, Gryaznorukov, Gnilodushkin, Polzuhin ... ndipo Ochumelov ndi Khriukin Kulowa khamu zabwino. Kumvetsa njira ya kuyankhula za dzina lotsiriza n'kofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti kuwerenga choyamba osula golidi angathe kumwedwa ngati nsembe, owerenga tcheru anaona afiira wauzimu mtima, ndipo zimenezi chingafanane ndi nkhumba.

Inu ayenera kulabadira pa mfundo. Chekhov iwo amalankhula. Choncho, zikusintha zochita, limene palokha zikuwoneka wokongola zimaseketsa zazikulu pempho bwana kuponya, ndiye avule malaya ake. Mwayi kutuluka mtima ndi zochititsa ambiri thupi amachita pa Ochumelova, kum'pangitsa mumamva kutentha kapena kuzizira.

cholinga wolemba

Choncho, funso amene ali bilimankhwe ya zilembo ntchito Chekhov a, amaloledwa. Komabe, kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ena otchulidwa zikupita diso kukopera-kuwona? Kumene ayi. Tanena kale kuti Chekhov kungotchula akungondinyoza ndi Khryukin, koma osati otchulidwa kokha awa awiri okha ndi wolemba. Iye amazitsutsa mudzi wonse, AKULONGOSOLA amene Anton Pavlovich awiriawiri zokwanira za zingwe.

nkhani Chekhov a - kothandiza kwambiri mankhwala mukufuna kuphunzira pasukulu. Uyamiko kwa Iye, achinyamata wapeza ndani bilimankhwe (kwa panjira njira ya moyo), ndi amene M'malo mwake - wabwino ndi woona mtima munthu.