Njira zowerengera GDP

Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha GDP chikuwonekera kwa anthu kutali ndi chuma, chinachake chosamvetsetsa, ndithudi, kuwerengera kwa GDP kuli kosavuta. Zoonadi, sitinganene kuti chizindikiro ichi chilibe zofooka, chifukwa sichitikira zinthu zambiri zowona za chitukuko cha zachuma, monga kuganizira za kupanga, sayansi yamphamvu, ndi zina zotero. Komabe, GDP, pokhala chizindikiro chowerengedwa molingana ndi malamulo okhwima a masamu, ikhoza kuwerengedweratu molondola, ngakhale kukula kwakukulu kwa chuma cha dziko. Kuyerekeza za chitukuko cha chuma chosiyana chingathechitenso molondola. Ndikokwanira kokha kufanizitsa GDP ndi munthu aliyense pazinthu za dola. Komanso, njira zonse zowerengera GDP zimapereka zotsatira zomwezo, zomwe ziri zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro ichi powerengera.

Zonsezi, lero pali njira zitatu zogwiritsira ntchito GDP. Njira yoyamba, yapamwamba, ndi kuphatikiza kwaphweka kwa miyezo yowonjezera yomwe idapangidwa mu chuma kwa nthawi inayake. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuwerengera kwa GDP sikulingalira mtengo wa zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Apo ayi tikhoza kulingalira za mtengo wawo kangapo - kwa nthawi yoyamba ngati chinthu chotsirizidwa, kawiri kachiwiri ngati mbali yofunikira ya maphunziro. Motero, GDP ikhoza kuwerengedwera powonjezerapo zotsatira zachuma pa ntchito iliyonse ya bungwe la zachuma. Izi ndizo, kuwerengera kumaganizira kokha mtengo umene kampaniyo inaphatikizapo, osati mtengo wake wonse.

Ngati njirayi ikuwoneka yosokoneza kwa inu, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsera njira zina zowerengera GDP. Njira yomwe imatchedwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyo lero yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi akatswiri pankhani ya macroeconomics. Malingana ndi njirayi, GDP yonse ya dziko ikugawidwa kukhala zigawo zinayi zazikulu: ndalama zapakhomo, mwachitsanzo, Ogwiritsira ntchito, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kampani, ndiwo ndalama, ndalama zamagulu komanso mgwirizano wa chuma cha dziko ndi mayiko akunja.

Ndipotu, ndondomeko yosavuta imapezeka. Chilichonse chomwe sichigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabanja chimayendetsedwa ndi mabungwe ogulitsa malonda, malinga ndi lamulo la macroeconomic lotulukira ndi Keynes. Ife tikuwonjezera apa boma lina limene limasonkhanitsa misonkho ku bajeti ndi chifukwa cha akaunti iyi imatenga kugula kwa boma, ndikupanga zofuna zina. Mu chuma chachinsinsi, zofunikiranso zowonjezera zimapangidwanso kudziko lina, ngati kutumizira kunja kumaposa zopititsa kunja, zosiyana, zofuna, choncho GDP, mosiyana, imachepetsanso. Chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake ndi kufotokozera, mgwirizano uwu sagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera GDP, komanso mu maphunziro ena ovuta kwambiri.

Potsiriza, njira zowerengera GDP zimatseka njira yopeza ndalama. Mu njira yomwe siigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pali lingaliro lofanana ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito. GDP yonseyi igawidwa pakati pa mabungwe azachuma omwe amapereka zinthu, koma pokhapokha ngati akuwona kuti si ndalama zawo koma ndalama zawo. Popeza ndalamazo zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe amapeza, zotsatira zake zidzakhala chimodzimodzi. Choncho, pakufunika kuwonjezera malipiro (ndalama za anthu), phindu (ndalama za makampani), chiwongoladzanja (ndalama zopezera ndalama), ndi lendi (ndalama zopatsa malo).

Monga momwe mukuonera, njira zowerengera GDP ndi malingaliro awo sizikuyimira chilichonse chovuta. GDP ndi zonse zomwe chuma chimapangidwa ndi kuyesetsa kwa mgwirizano wa onse ochita zachuma. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, GDP siyinaphatikizepo ndalama zomwe zimachokera kuzinthu zamakono zowonongeka, chifukwa sizikuwonjezera kupanga kwenikweni. Kuonjezera apo, GDP siyinaphatikizepo ntchito zogulitsa katundu wachiwiri komanso zopereka za chuma. Ntchito zonsezi ndi zizindikiro zokhazokha za kugawidwa kwa zopindulitsa kale. GDP imanena kuti ikuwonetsa chitukuko chenicheni cha chuma cha dziko ndipo lero ndi yoyenera kwambiri pa chizindikiro ichi, ngakhale patalibe wangwiro.