Nsanja ya Babele - osati nthano, ndi nthano

Asayansi padziko lonse ankakhulupirira kuti za m'mene kumanga Nsanja ya Babele - nthano ya kudzikuza anthu, ndi yekhayo. Ndipo chotero izo zinali, mpaka ofukula amene anabwera kuchokera ku Europe, sanapeze Malo mabwinja wakale wa Babulo. makilomita A zana kuchokera Baghdad aakulu kwa zaka mapiri opanda moyo ndi otsetsereka ndi nsonga mosabisa. Anthu akumeneko ankaganiza kuti mfundo zachilengedwe mpumulo. Palibe anaganiza kuti pansi pa mapazi anu - mzinda kwambiri ndi nsanja yaikulu ya Babele. Mu 1899 iye anabwera kuno ku Germany katswiriyo Robert Koldewey, anapita mpaka mu mbiri monga munthu amene zakale Babulo.

Nsanja ya Babele - Mbiri

ana a Nowa anali anthu umodzi, nati m'chinenero chomwecho. Iwo ankakhala ku chigwa cha Sinara pakati pa Firate ndi Tigirisi mitsinje.

Iwo abverana kuti amange mzinda ndi nsanja yaitali - kumwamba. Takonzekera ambiri njerwa - amamwa, anaphika dongo, ndipo mwachangu anayamba ntchito yomanga. Koma Ambuye cholinga ankaona kunyada ndi wokwiya - anapanga kotero kuti anthu anayamba kulankhula zinenero zosiyana kwathunthu, asiya pomvetsetsana konse. Kuyambira kunsanja ndi mzinda anakhalabe yosatha, analanga wana wa Nowa anayamba kufalitsa pa m'mayiko osiyanasiyana n'kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Yosatha mzinda wotchedwa Babulo, limene, mogwirizana ndi mawu a m'Baibulo chimatanthauza "chisokonezo": pamalo Ambuye nadodometsa zilankhulo za mdziko, ndipo malo amenewo, anabalalika anthu m'dziko lonse.

Pamodzi ndi Tigirisi ndi Firate anali anamangidwira yaikulu otchuka nsanja anali ndi tanthauzo la chipembedzo. Iwo inkakhala tiers angapo analowa, tapering oposa. Pa lathyathyathya pamwamba opatulika unadzipereka kwa mulungu. Top anachita yaikulu mwala masitepe, limene nyimbo ndi amalonda pa Kulambira ananyamuka chionetsero yaitali wa ansembe. Zinali Nsanja ya Babele, malinga zofukulidwa munali 7 tiers, ndipo msinkhu wake anali zana ndi makumi asanu ndi anayi mamita.

Tiyeni tibwerere ku zofukulidwa pansi pa chitsogozo cha Robert Koldewey. Iye anaona bwinobwino za kuchuluka kwa Babulo patapita miyezi ingapo kugwira ntchito. Poyamba anali zakale mpanda wa njerwa (7 mamita lonse ndi mamita 12 kutalika). Pa mtunda wa mamita 11 kuchokera ku dziko lake lolemera anabisa khoma lachiwiri la miyala yopsereza njerwa pafupifupi 8 mamita lonse, ndi kupitirira anali khoma lachitatu -. 3 mamita lonse.

Pakati woyamba danga 2 khoma pa nthawi ina anali watsirizika pansi pamwamba, kuwapatutsa mu imodzi yaikulu, moti angaloŵe makoma. Khoma mkati iliyonse mamita 50. Wochokera pa kusunga. Zitatero, ndi katswiriyo Koldewey pakuchitika kuchuluka zodabwitsa nsanja khoma - 360! Choncho, lonse lamkati mpanda wa Babulo anali makilomita oposa 18! Ndi chifukwa magawo awa Babulo anakhalabe mzinda waukulu imene inamangidwa ndi munthu pa dziko.

Apeza malo awa anali amatichititsa kuchuluka - anali chipata cha mzinda, wokutidwa ndi mkuwa, makombo a anatsalira-ziboliboli za yosalala Khoma njerwa, otchuka mikango mapiko, anapanga ofotokozedwa ndi Osema wakale. Komanso trehshahtny anali zakale bwino, amene anali kamodzi wambiri ndipo okonzeka ndi hoist lamba amene anafuna mosalekeza kudyetsa madzi. Khalani a nyumba yonse mobisa, kumene kunali bwino, anali kunapangitsa ndi mwala. Zonse zakale izi wabisika pansi, ndimachita ukulu ndi ubwino wa katswiri wa chitukuko cha Aigupto.

Nsanja ya Babele, omwe akufanana ndi chipilala, ndi chimake chenicheni cha kunyada anthu, ndipo nthawi yaitali yomanga ake (misa pandemonium) - chizindikiro cha chisokonezo ndi anthu. Iwo likukhalira kuti nthano - osati nthano, ndipo Nsanja ya Babele alipodi mu dziko wakale.