"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali": mwachidule. "Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali": kusanthula mapangidwe a protagonist ndi

"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" - wakale Russian ntchito amene wolemba amakhalabe osadziwika. Ndi izi memo zolembalemba ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi. Timaona kuti mwachidule, ife azipereka kuwunika ndi kutanthauzira chifanizo cha protagonist lapansi.

Pa mankhwala

Mbiri ya buku kupeza ndi zachilendo kwambiri. Mpaka 1856, palibe izo analibe ngakhale kumva. "Nthano watsoka ndi matsoka," amene tikambirana nkhani zotsatirazi, anali mwangozi anapeza mwa academician AN Pypin pamene anaphunzira Zolembedwa MN Pogodin, amene anasonkhana nkhani wowerengeka ndi zambiri.

Chidutswa anali analembedwa m'ma 17. Zinali zambiri latsopano ndi zachilendo kwa Old makhalidwe mabuku Russian: ngwazi popanda dzina, wowerengeka vesi ndi chinenero, maganizo wapadera kwa makhalidwe abwino ndi zauzimu za kusankha anthu.

"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali": Mwachidule

Mankhwala imayamba ndi nkhani ya m'Baibulo, ndiko kuti, ndi kugwa kwa Adamu ndi Hava. Choncho, wolemba inscribes mbiri yake mu zipembedzo padziko lonse. Ndiye akuyerekeza Ambuye, amene anakwiyanso anthu, nawobe iwo njira chipulumutso, ndi makolo amene kulera ana, adzawalanga.

Apa pakubwera mbali yaikulu "The nthano" - mwachita bwino. Makolo anaphunzitsa ku nkhope ubwana wake. Akulangiza mwana wake osati kupita ku maphwando, kumwa kwambiri, chenjerani opusa kupeza temptresses chonse, musatenge zinthu za ena sachita ukathyali, posankha mabwenzi, kuyang'ana pa kudalirika kwawo ndi kukhulupirika, osati matamando.

Onse chiongoko ndi madalitso a makolo ndi kuchepetsedwa kutsatira njira mwambo wa moyo. Kukhala bwino, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a makolo awo osati kusiya kucheza ndi banja komanso miyambo.

Kodi kukhala bwino?

Ikuthamangira ku "nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" ndi tirigu anafunika kutsatira malangizo a makolo awo. Iye akufuna moyo maganizo ake. Mlembi anafotokoza kuti chilakolako cha ngwazi kuti iye anali adakali wamng'ono ndipo opusa, sanaone sankadziwa moyo. Ndi kupanda zinachitikira tsiku ndi tsiku amamchititsa kuti zikutsutsana ndi makolo ake.

Kutsogoleredwa kokha mwa kufuna kwawo, chabwino kwa mabwenzi atsopano. Ndi mmodzi wa iwo anali pafupi kuti anayamba kuitana m'bale wake. Ndi ichi "m'bale" ndi anzake zazvat ndi nyumba za alendo yapafupi. Hero kumvetsera nkhani wokoma mnzathu wokhulupirika, kwambiri zakumwa ndi waledzera msanga. Booze anatsirizira anzake anagona mu nyumba za alendo a.

Kodi akutembenukira mwachimbulimbuli?

Kovuta kuti munthu wabwino ku "nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" m'mawa. Ngakhale ngwazi za adalimkugona, iye achifwamba. "Anzanga Woona" anamusiya nsapato yekha ankavala ( "Lapotko-otopochki") ndi nsanza ( "DGCPI Nyumba"). Kunyengedwa akufuna kupita ku "abwenzi", koma sikuloledwa. Palibe amene amafuna kuthandiza kwambiri. The ngwazi amakhala manyazi, chikumbumtima sangathe Iye abwerere kwawo kwa makolo ake, kuti wake "banja ndi fuko."

Pomaliza, aganiza kupita ku mayiko akutali. Mu masana ake mwangozi igwera mu tauni ena. Apo iye Amayendayenda kubwalo, kumene kuli phwando. Kukumana ndi anthu atsopano, ndipo tsopano zizichitidwa, "wasayansi analemba," amene akutsatira sayansi ya makolo. Khalidweli ndi osangalatsa kwambiri makamu. Choncho, ngwazi anapempha kuti gome ndi kuyamba kuchitira.

Komabe, zinali zovuta mgugu paphwando. Ndipo patapita kanthawi, iye anazindikira atsopano kuti sanamvere makolo awo, ndipo tsopano anali manyazi kupita kwa iwo. Iye anapempha malangizo tsopano moyo ndi chochita m'dziko lachilendo. anthu abwino amalangiza kuti moyo monga mwa chilamulo chikhalidwe, ndiyo kutsatira malangizo a bambo ndi mayi. Nzeru pa zimene wachikale makolo.

Moyo malangizo a anthu achikulire

Tsopano chirichonse chiri pa phewa amakhala ikuthamangira ku "nthano watsoka ndi matsoka." Zinali chimwemwe mwa luntha ndi nzeru makolo, ndi kumvera atate wake ndi amake. Tsopano iye akukhala mwaluso mofulumira kupanga ndalama zochuluka ndipo wapeza mkazi wabwino. Mfundo chimatsatira ukwati. Komabe, pano mwachita zake zonse - zimayamba kudzitamandira pamaso pa alendo ndi chirichonse chimene wafika. wolemba limaletsa mwachita ngwazi wake - mawu otamanda nthawi zonse "zovunda."

Kudzitama ngwazi amamva Tsoka-tsokali ndipo pomwepo wasankha laimu ngwazi. Kuyambira pamenepa izo relentlessly motere zonse zazikulu. Tidzathandizanso iye guzzle katundu onse anagula mu nyumba za Alendo chifukwa cha paradaiso yekha "wamaliseche, anabala mulibe galimoto." Good kuyamba kumvera mavuto a tsokali, ndipo amapita ku malo omwera, kumene akumasula ndalama zake zonse.

Only lenilenili, ngwazi ya anati ndipo akuyamba kuganizira mmene kuchotsa Kanema wanu obsessive. Ganizo chabwera m'maganizo ake ndi lingaliro kudzipha. Koma mnyamatayo sanakhumudwe anamira mu mtsinje. Hero amusankha pa gombe, kumene iye anali kuyembekezera Tsoka matsoka. mawu wokoma izo amakakamiza mnyamata potsiriza kugonjera chifuniro chake.

mathero

Kumapeto kwa mwachidule a. "Nthano watsoka ndi matsoka," kwenikweni, ndi limatiuzanso nthano za mmene moyo weniweniwo kulanga anthu amene amanyalanyaza malangizo a akulu. N'chifukwa chake mnyamata anakapezeka vuto zovuta.

Komabe, kamodzinso tsoka la ngwazi amapereka mwayi kwa chipulumutso. Ndipo nthawi iyi, zimathandiza anthu abwino. Onyamula kuwoloka mtsinje atamva nkhani ya mnyamata, anatenga chifundo pa iye, mukafunde ndi kudyetsedwa. Anthuwa atumiza kwa mbali zina ndi tiwonana kupereka malangizo - makolo ndi kupempha dalitso awo.

Komabe, kamodzi ngwazi za yekha ndi anatchulidwanso Tsoka-tsokali ndipo anayamba kufunafuna wake. Kuchotsa mnzake zapathengo, anzake akutembenukira kabawi. Koma chisoni si kuphwera ndipo gyrfalcon. The ngwazi kwasanduka nkhunda, ndi cholinga chimakhala mnzake Mphamba; mwachita bwino - nkhandwe, Chisoni kwasanduka paketi ya hounds; chithunzi amakhala nthenga, nyanga-tsokali n'kukhala kuluka ndi; anzathu adzatembenuza nsomba Tsoka nawathamangira ndi khoka a.

Pomaliza, mosimidwa, mnyamata ungatengeso thupi laumunthu. Koma apa, Tsoka, tsoka lina pambali pake. Tsopano, Mzimu wa ngwazi lingaliro la kuba ndi kupha, kuti anatsutsika ndi kumpachika kapena kufa mwemo.

Long ndinakana kutengera anachita, kenako anaganiza malumbiro. Kamodzi ngwazi ya mitanda khomo la obisika, ndi phiri kumbuyo kwake. Iye alibe njira kunja kwa kachisi chipata woyera.

"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali": kusanthula ndi mtundu wanyimbo apachiyambi

M'zaka za m'ma 17 yaing'ono zothandiza Nkhani zinali ponseponse. Iwo analibe ndi mbali bwino polemba chinenero, kaphatikizidwe okha makhalidwe zikuyenela mitu. Olemba ntchito zimenezi anatembenuka pofunafuna chiwembu kuti nkhani wowerengeka, wowerengeka ndi m'nyimbo songs, anecdotes. Ndi mitundu mabuku Old Russian monga "nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" (mwachidule ndi umboni).

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nkhani zimenezi tsiku ndi tsiku anachoka misonkhano akale m'chifanizo cha anthu ndi zochitika. Iwo akhala akupenyetsetsa kwa munthu, pali zizindikiro za kuwerenga maganizo m'chifanizo cha ngwazi. Olemba woyamba kuyambitsa mikangano angapo, kuphatikizapo zinthu zoweta, ndi ntchito ethnographic, ife kupeleka chidwi ku zimene chikhalidwe mwawo.

Pa nthawi yomweyo ife itakula azimuth wowerengeka. Mwachitsanzo, mu "The nthano ..." pambali chiyankhulo cha Amalawi, pali zinthu za nthano: mwachita bwino amapita nyama, kuyesera kuti abuluke kuwotcha.

zinthu folklore

"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" (mwachidule bwino zimenezi) ndi lodzala ndi zithunzi wowerengeka ndi ophiphiritsa. wolemba zonse akugwiritsa njira ya chinenero wowerengeka song, folklore amagwiritsa achipongwe ndi kubwereza: "yonyowa pokonza lapansi", "kufika olimba mtima", etc.

Komabe, "The Nkhani ..." zinthu zina nzeru kuti mabuku a atumwi 17. Mwachitsanzo, wolemba wachifundo kwa ngwazi wake. Komabe, mu mankhwala palibe mbiri bwino, palibe chilichonse chosonyeza zenizeni zochitika ndi malo silidalembedwa anasonyeza ndi nthawi. Ngakhale ngwazi amakhalabe mayina.

chithunzi zoweta

"Nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" lili ndi zithunzi za moyo, kuti akuyandikira zonse banja maziko zimene kanthu m'kati. Choncho, mfundo ya mtendere, "The nthano ..." kumaonekera kwa ziphunzitso za makolo anzathu othandiza wowerengeka luso malonda, makhalidwe malangizo "anthu abwino" ndi malangizo awo banja. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi amalenga chithunzi cha makhalidwe abwino a anthu Russian ndi njira yake ya moyo, m'lembali palibe kafungo concreteness mbiri zotchulidwa. owerenga siyikuperekedwa umboni uliwonse aliyense kuti adzaone zomwe nthawi chiwembu m'kati.

zojambula moyo lowonjezera ndi zina ethnographic, ngakhale ochuluka kwambiri, "Kabatsky bwalo," akuti "moona phwando." Umatchedwanso zovala "chiry" (nsapato), "DGCPI Nyumba", "Lapotko", "madoko mtengo."

Dziko lonse Koma ukufanizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu za nthano "dziko lina" popanda maina Hrs, "timuone", "m'kanyumba", "mkulu nsanja", etc.

Tsoka-tsokali

Choyamba limatiuzanso nthano "nthano watsoka ndi matsoka." Chisoni anali mu ntchito za mphamvu kwambiri kuti amalanga munthu chifukwa cha ntchito osalungama, kumuthandiza kuti zochita oipitsitsa. Mu njira yomweyo ophatikizidwa kumvetsa anthu achisoni kwambiri. Mu m'nthano za tsogolo la munthu NTHAWI zambiri motere. Ndiko kuti, pakati pake penipeni, muli ndi ntchito yophunzitsa.

Komanso, mu wowerengeka nyimbo ine moto ngakhale amatamanda ndi zinthu zozizwitsa (mwachitsanzo, mawu), zimene zikusonyeza ntchito za ntchito yake yoteteza. Tikhoza kunena kuti chisoni akupereka kumbuyo kwa moyo wa munthu. Choncho, Tsoka, tsoka lina amachititsa munthu kusiya obisika, kupereka moyo chidziko. Komabe, kuti mpumulo ku zowawa, muyenera mayeso ena - osati amayamba kukopa chisoni ndi kuyamba kulenga zochita oipitsitsa.

Chifanizo cha khalidwe waukulu

The protagonist a "nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" - bwino, wopanda dzina wolankhula khalidwe la typicality. Iye silili mu mtundu wake - amuna ngati iye anthu ambiri. Kuyambira nkhani zimaonekeratu kuti khalidwe bifurcated atatsamira ndi ntchito zabwino, ndiye kuti zoipa. Komabe, wolemba amakonda chisoni khalidwe lake, ngakhale machimo ake.

The ngwazi za "nthano watsoka ndi tsokali" anapatsidwa ndi dziko wolemera mkati, ali pamphambano. owerenga amaona mtendere mumtima mwake ndi kusauka kwa maganizo. Kwambiri ikusonyezera kakasi mnyamata, pamene chisoni napita naye kwa njala ndi umphawi. Komabe, misdeeds ka ngwazi, chifukwa cha umene iye Chilango yaikulu, kukakamiza owerenga kumumvera chisoni.

Choncho, mtundu wanyimbo a m'nyumba buku, umene uli ntchito imeneyi, zinakhudza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha dziko lonse la mabuku Russian, kuchotsa miyambo ovomerezeka ndi kutchula mu nkhani ya zinthu zatsopano.