Pamene panali Old Russian mabuku, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani?

Funso la pamene panali Old Russian mabuku, kusamalira lero anthu onse omwe ali chidwi ndi mbiri komanso chikhalidwe cha dziko lathu. Tidzayensa yankho mabuku kwa izo.

Kodi Old Russian mabuku?

Old Russian mabuku otchedwa zipilala kophunzira wa Kievan Yairo, amene anaonekera pa siteji ya kulengedwa kwa chikhalidwe cha kum'mawa Asilavo, wotchedwa Kievan Lazaro. Old nthawi mu mbiri ya mabuku Russian, malinga ndi mabuku ena, itha 1237 (pa tsoka Chitata kuwukira), malinga ndi mabuku ena, akupitiriza zaka 400 ndipo pang'onopang'ono itha Kubadwa Kwatsopano Moscow State itatha nthawi ya mavuto.

Komabe, zambiri ankakonda ndi Baibulo loyamba imene imayamba anafotokoza pamene ndiponso chifukwa ndi Old Russian mabuku.

Mulimonsemo, mfundo imeneyi zikusonyeza kuti makolo athu afika siteji zoterozo Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe, pamene salinso kukhuta wa folklore ndi zofunika Mitundu watsopano - mabuku hagiographic, ulaliki, ndipo Miscellany "mawu".

Pamene panali Old Russian mabuku: mbiri ndi zinthu zazikulu za

Tsiku lenileni la zolemba ntchito yoyamba m'mbiri yakale kumeneko, koma chiyambi cha kulemba mu Russia ali kale n'zogwirizana ndi zochitika ziwiri. The choyamba - zikamera dziko lathu la Orthodox Chimonko - Cyril ndi Methodius amene analenga zilembo Chigilagoliti, ndipo kenako kutsatira khama lawo ku chilengedwe cha zilembo za Chisililiki. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti amasulire malemba mapemphero ndi Mkhristu Byzantine Ufumu wa chinenero Chisilavo Chakale.

The chachiwiri kiyi chochitika anali leni zachikunja za Russia, amene walola dziko lathu kucheza kwambiri ndi Agiriki - ndiye zonyamulira za nzeru ndi chidziwitso.

Tikumbukenso kuti funso ngati m'chaka analipo Old Russian mabuku, sangayankhe panobe, ndipo chifukwa nambala yaikulu zipilala kophunzira wakale atayika chifukwa cha owononga Tartar goli, ambiri a iwo watentha moto ambiri amene anabweretsa kwa dziko kukhetsa mwazi wathu wongosamukasamuka .

Manda wotchuka wakale Russia kulemba

Tsatirani funso lokhudza pamene panali Old Russian mabuku, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ntchito nthawi imeneyi ndi mlingo mwachilungamo mkulu wa kupambana zolembalemba. Wina wotchuka "Mau" wa kampeni Prince Igor kuti Polovtsy zomwe ndalama zokha.

Ngakhale zinthu yowononga zinachitika, zipilala zotsatirazi anapulumuka.

Mwachidule lembani anthu kiyi:

1. Laurentian Chronicle.
2. Ostrom Uthenga Wabwino.
3. Ambiri didactic zopereka.
4. Amakhala zopereka (mwachitsanzo, zopereka za moyo wa woyamba Russian woyera wa Lavra).
5. "Chiphunzitso pa Chilamulo ndi Grace" Hilarion.
6. The Life of Boris ndi Gleb.
7. Kuwerenga nkhani zokhudza Boris ndi Gleb.
8. "Nthano ya makedzana Zaka".
9. "Malangizo a Prince Vladimir, dzina Monomakh".
10. "Ikani."
11. "Nthano ya dziko Russian imfa."

Dongosolo la Old Russian buku-learning

Katswiri zolembedwa mwambo, Academician DS Likhachev ndi anzake amanena kuti yankho ku funso la pamene panali Old Russian mabuku amapezeka zipilala la woyamba Russian buku kuphunzira.

Malinga ndi mbiri imeneyi, m'dziko lathu m'zaka za m'ma 10, poyamba anaonekera ntchito linamasuliridwa kuchokera m'Chigiriki. Mu yomweyi, nthawi yomweyo analenga folklore malembaŵa nkhani ya zochita za Svyatoslav Igorevich ndi epics za Prince Vladimir.

Mu zikomo 11 m'zaka za ntchito ya Metropolitan Ilarion zinalembedwa ntchito zolembalemba. Mwachitsanzo, ndi kale "Chiphunzitso pa Chilamulo ndi Grace", ikulongosola za kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity ndi anthu Russian ndi ena. M'zaka zomwezi malemba oyamba Miscellany, komanso miyoyo ya malemba oyambirira a Boris ndi Gleb zinalengedwa, aphedwa feuds Kalonga ndipo kenako canonized.

M'zaka za m'ma 12 lidalembedwa ntchito choyambirira cha olemba kuti amauzidwa za Moyo wa Theodosius, abbot Pechersky, Moyo wa oyeramtima a dziko Russian. Pa nthawi yomweyo lemba la otchedwa Uthenga Wabwino Galitsky, ndi luso Russian wokamba Kirillom Turovskim olembedwa fanizo unakhazikitsidwa ndi "mawu." The zaka chomwecho kunayamba chilengedwe cha mawu a "Ikani". Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo anafalitsa ambiri ntchito losandulika, anabwera kuchokera ku Byzantium ndipo ananyamula maziko a achikhristu ndi nzeru chawo.

Choncho n'zotheka mwachikulu kuyankha funso zimene atumwi Old Russian mabuku anaonekera: zinachitika m'ma 10 pamodzi ndi zikamera wa Asilavo Literature ndi chilengedwe cha Kievan Yairo monga boma logwirizana.