Nyanja akangaude - kwachinsinsi wokhala kuya

Nyanja akangaude zambiri amatchedwa nyama mnogokolenchatymi. Iwo ali kalasi ya Chelicerata, mtundu wa timeneti - Arthropods. Komanso chovomerezeka ndi gulu limene akuti "Chelicerata" amatanthauziridwa subtype ndi imene nyanja akangaude kalasi osiyana. Pali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti dzina sayansi kalasi - Pantopody, Piknogonidy ndi ena.

Ena zambiri

Lingaliro la "kangaude nyanja" zikuphatikizapo zoposa 1,300 osiyanasiyana ambiri mabanja. Iwo padziko nyanja padziko lonse. Kukumana m'madzi arthropods mwina kuya zosiyanasiyana. Ena mitundu amakonda m'munsi intertidal (osefukira gawo la nyanja), ena umapita pansi ku abyssal (zone kwambiri). The mchere ndi brackish madzi Mnogokolenchatye ndi zambiri wamba kuposa brackish nyanja kumtunda. M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, akangaude ali yothetsa m'nkhalango algae ndi pansi.

Pa nyanja ndi mitundu littoral wa akangaude zimasiyananso kapangidwe ka thupi, ndi kukula. Mu zigawo zakuya za madzi nyanja kangaude wamkulu, ndi yaitali ndi miyendo wowonda, zimenezi yaitali tsitsi. Zida akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo lakuya. Kangaude Osangopereka akuyandama, ngati ukuyandama m'madzi. Kumira pansi, ndi yaying'ono zokwanira n'kutsamira ziwalo zawo yaitali pansi Taurus.

M'mphepete mwa nyanja yaying'ono mawonekedwe. Miyendo ndi thicker ndi wamfupi, koma ili anayamba tokhala ndi spikes zofunika kusaka ndi chitetezo.

mbali structural

Aliyense kangaude nyanja, ndi pa nyanja ndi mitundu m'mphepete mwa nyanja, dongosolo lililonse. thupi lagawidwa awiri Tagme (dipatimenti). dzina lawo - segmented ndipo sanali segmented prosoma opisoma. Pakuti prosoma khalidwe cylindrical kapena chimbale woboola pakati.

Njovu pa nyanja akangaude miyendo m'munsi wokutidwa ndi cuticle chitinous. Pali kusiyana mu cephalothorax ndi mimba (a achikalekale). Mu cephalothorax ku zigawo 7 mpaka 9 4 ali zinaphatikizidwa pamodzi. Zinaphatikizidwa gawo la cephalothorax imatchedwa ndi gawo mutu. The zigawo otsala akhoza mwina zinaphatikizidwa ndi kuligaŵa. Front mutu thunthu gawo ndi cylindrical kapena mawonekedwe ovoid. Mbali lateral wa thunthu ndi kuliika mitundu iwiri iwiri ya nthambi: helifory ndi palps. Kumbali ventral mutu wa dipatimenti wotetezedwa awiri wachitatu wa miyendo (miyendo desyatichlenikovye oviparous). Imodzi mwa mbali structural wa akangaude nyanja 3 kutsogolo awiriawiri miyendo samafuna pansi, ndipo samenya kuyenda lapansi.

Kuyenda miyendo ya kangaude nyanja wotetezedwa nthambi mbali ya mutu wa gawo thupi. Nthawi zambiri ali 4 awiriawiri, koma ena oimira - 5-6 awiriawiri.

dongosolo alimentary

M'madzi kangaude ali dongosolo m'mimba mwa mawonekedwe a mwa chubu pang'ono kusiyanitsidwa diverticula. Diverticulum Pankhaniyi - ndiyo njira m'matumbo asanalembe lililonse mwendo. Chimbudzi cha arthropods awa pamodzi. Izo nawo ndi m'mimba ndi okhudza maselo ambiri mawonekedwe.

loonetsa

N'zosavuta ingoganizani akangaude m'madzi chakudya. Ambiri a iwo - ndi adani. Mu chakudya chawo ndipo amangokhala invertebrates amangokhala. Zimenezi zingakhale polychaetes, bryozoans, ciliates, anemones, ndi coelenterates golovozhabernye mollusks, echinoderms yaing'ono starfish. Migodi unachitikira zikhadabo pa heliforah. Iwo kuchokamo ndi zidutswa za chakudya mkamwa mwake.

megalomania

Si kale mu madzi Antarctic chimphona nyanja kangaude anapezeka. Mwa kuphunzira payekha, ofufuza anafotokoza kuti chodabwitsa mwachinsinsi, ndilo lotchedwa gigantism kumalo ozizira. Kwa ena, chifukwa koma zosadziwika, madzi achisanu a Antarctica akutembenukira mitundu wamba a akangaude nyanja mu Zimphona. Mwina udindo kukula kumatheka mpweya, umene uli mu madzi ozizira kuposa ofunda.

Anapeza kuti gigantomania m'madzi Arctic sindilola akangaude kokha, komanso ena molluscs, nkhanu ndi echinoderms. Zofufuza zikupitirirabe.

"Starfish ndi Kangaude"

Kodi mukuganiza tidzapitiriza kukambirana kapangidwe ndi moyo wa nyama zam'madzi? Koma inu mukulakwa! M'chigawo chino tikambirana za buku chidwi chifukwa chake mfundo za bwino makampani osiyanasiyana ndi mabungwe. Ena a iwo ali makolo ngati akangaude: mapazi awo kukula kwa thunthu ndi, mutu ndi maso. Iwo akhoza kugwira, kutaya mbali ya mwendo kapena kupondeleza maso ake, koma opanda mutu - kufa.

Chinthu china starfish, thupi lake zikuwoneka wamba Komabe, koma ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana: mutu ndi ubongo wa nyama ndi konse, ndi matupi waukulu abwerezedwa aliyense nthambi. Komanso, ngati nyenyezi kudula ziwalo, adzabwezeretsedwa. Ngakhale ngati ife kudula nyanja wokongola mu magawo angapo, izo siziti kufa, ndipo patapita kanthawi amachepetsa kukhala nyama palokha. Ndipotu, chitsanzo cha ziweto wapadera Taganizirani makampani kuti ntchito Intaneti chimodzimodzi decentralized.

buku lakuti "Starfish ndi Kangaude" - chitsanzo omveka chakuti zonse mu chikhalidwe ndi wololera, ndipo ambiri mwa malamulo a chitukuko lipindulitsa ntchito m'madera ena a zochita za anthu.