Common Nase: kufotokoza, moyo, chithunzi

Kamodzi Common Nase anali mwachilungamo woimira ambiri a banja carp, ndi m'madera ena ngakhale m'gulu mndandanda wa nsomba malonda. Lero, n'kovuta kwambiri ndi pafupifupi pangozi.

mafotokozedwe

Mu kukula Podust ayenera wachinsinsi monga nsomba yaing'ono. Childs, m'litali si masentimita oposa 30, ndipo kulemera - 400 G koma nthawi yapadera zimapezeka anthu makilogalamu 1.5. Thupi elongate, yokutidwa ndi lalikulu, mamba mwamphamvu oyenerera. Mimba ndi flanks yowala siliva mtundu wa nsomba, ndi kumbuyo chionekera wobiriwira kuli mdima. Loonetsa utoto zipsepse ndi mchira ali ndi malire wakuda pa m'mbali pamwamba ndi pansi. Pa spawning, amuna kukhala mtundu yowala - pa mphambano za pakamwa, pafupi ndi zipsepse pectoral kuoneka mawanga lalanje. Pamodzi thupi lonse (m'diso kwa mchira) pa mbali ya amathamanga wakuda gulu, ndi mamba kuoneka monga specks ka mtundu. Pamutu anapanga zambiri timabamputimabampu zaminyewa.

Dzinali undermouth analandira udindo zachilendo mkamwa. Iye ali pansi pa mphuno gristly chimaonekadi jutting ndipo ali mawonekedwe a yopingasa arcuate kudula. mano Pharyngeal lalikulu, limodzi mzere. Pa nsagwada m'munsi ali ndi zisonga nyanga cheholchik.

Moyo amayembekezeka ndi avareji ya zaka 8-10, ndipo kumakhala zimadalira mavuto the Common Nase moyo.

taxonomy

mtundu wa banja carp, madongosolo carps gulu la nsomba ray-finned. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, manambala ake utachepa kwambiri. Ya 18 mitundu alipo undermouth wamba - ambiri.

Habitat ndi yogawa

nsomba wakonda njira yabwino ndi sakonda ataima madzi. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amakhala ku mitsinje yozama kumene pansi ndi mchenga, miyala, ndi monyanyira yaikulu, kupewa malo ndi nthenda yotaya pang'onopang'ono. Podust - nsomba pansi, anali pafupifupi pansi kwambiri, pafupifupi akumugwirayu ndi mimba yake. Makamaka amakonda malo ambiri snags adalowetsedwa ndi zinyalala miyala.

Umapezeka mitsinje pafupifupi onse lalikulu European. Ndi ambiri mwa Germany ndi Switzerland. Mu Russia, iye amakhala mu mitsinje mabeseni ya Baltic, North ndi Black Pacific. Mu malire chapamwamba za Kama ndi zachilendo Common Nase. Mu Belarus, osiyanasiyana ake okha kwa mtsinje beseni ndi Bug Western ndi Pripyat.

njira ya moyo

Nsomba zimenezi ndipamene ziweto zambiri ongokhala makumi kapena mazana a anthu pafupifupi ofanana-kakulidwe. Podust wodzichepetsa ndiponso kukhulupirira kwambiri, kupanga izo mosavuta anglers. Nsomba ndi wokongola kwambiri blur, inu zambiri kuwaona monga momwe iwo kusambira pafupifupi mapazi a bathers anthu. Anakweza kuchokera pansi pa matope ndi mchenga akufunafuna mphutsi tizilombo. Nsomba zambiri pamwamba (Sungunulani) mu May ndi June, pamene pali ndege misa bloodworms. Chifukwa cha makonzedwe apadera mkamwa undermouth chakudya amakakamizidwa pa atakhala ku mpukutu madzi pamwamba, kusonyeza pamimba yowala. Zimenezi zikhale zosavuta kusiyanitsa limatsogolera nsomba ndi mzake.

Common Nase - nsomba kutsogolera tsiku moyo. Mu nyengo dzuwa, mukhoza kuona ubwenzi wabwino pansi pa mizere italiitali ya nkhosa. Amathandizanso lalikulu kwambiri. Usiku, nsomba zipita kuya kapena kuyandikira ku gombe, kubisala mu tchire, amene kazinji kene mbagwa dengu nsomba ndi basting.

Undermouth owonetsetsa kuwonongeka kwa madzi. Koma pa mpweya poizoni kwa zomera riparian ndi anagubuduza zilibe chokani ngati kuti Mwachitsanzo, minnows, ndi kali kuseri miyala. Chifukwa, pafupifupi chilimwe, inu mukhoza kuwona momwe mtsinje ambiri akuyandama undermouth theka akufa, kukokera kutali akhwangwala ndi miimba.

chakudya

Common Nase, ndi chithunzi chimene chinaonekeranso m'nkhani ino, monga nsomba tsiku wakudya makamaka pa algae filamentous ndi detritus. Iye amatenga miyala, chikuni choyandama milu, skilfully otsukira ndikupha tizilombo milomo yake. Iwo kuchititsa mavuto aakulu ku kasupe undermouth nsomba zina kudya mazira ndi umuna, kuchipala ndi zinthu m'madzi. Part wa zakudya mu nthawi imeneyi ndi monga ndowe, nyongolotsi. Koma ndi chiyambi cha dzinja kumakhaladi zamiyendo Inayi nsomba Common Nase - chakudya tichipeza kwathunthu kwa mtsinje zomera.

kubalana

Kukhwima wa nsomba kufika zaka 3-5 zakubadwa, pamene thupi lawo kutalika amakhala osachepera 18 cm. Undermouth Caviar chagona pa miyala ikuluikulu, milu. Akupitiriza nthawi imeneyi ayi kuposa masiku atatu. mazira lalikulu, yochitidwa mtundu, kuchuluka kwawo ndi ku zidutswa 1.5 12 chikwi. Ena nthawi undermouth akugwiritsabe pafupi malo spawning. Panthawi imeneyi, izo wakudya osati zomera, komanso caviar spawning pambuyo pake, nsomba: chub, gudgeon, roach. Nthawi zina sangaone kunyozeka ndi wake.

Patapita masabata 2 mphutsi kuoneka m'kuunika. Iwo amakhala miyezi iwiri mu madzi, kudya zomera ndi kukhala mwachangu, kusuntha kwa moyo pansi kuti kawirikawiri zimabweretsa Common Nase.

Kubalana chimayambira mu April, koma zimachitika nthawizina pa tsiku kale, izo zimatengera kutentha madzi - ayenera kukhala ofunda mpaka 8-10⁰S. Mwachangu kuoneka, pamene kale ofunda mokwanira, ndipo nthawi yotentha lonse mu osaya ndi shoals ndi panopa ofooka. M'madera ena zambiri kukula udzu zokwanira (madzi Pine Shelkovnikov ndi T. D.), Chifukwa chimene nsomba kukula mofulumira ndithu. Mu September, ndi juveniles asamukira zakuya. Kwa zaka chaka chimodzi Podust kulemera ndi 60 ga kugwa kale ukufika kulemera 150-200 ga

wintering

Mu autumn, ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira, undermouth zikukhazikitsa malo mtendere ndi bata. Kupanda chomera chakudya kum'kakamiza kuyang'ana kwa matope wosanjikiza njenjete. Mu October mitsinje ndi mafunde amphamvu ndi shoals pafupi zimachokeradi. Mbuto ikulu m'nyengo yozizira Common Nase, ali kwambiri maenje. Mu iwo, iye akubisala ku November, pamene mitsinje kuyamba amaundana, ndi kufikira masika.

kufunika zachuma

Undermouth phindu malonda alibe. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti posachedwapa iwo pafupifupi zimachokeradi ambiri. Komanso, pansi pa moyo ndi malo ake kovuta nsomba. Nthawi zambiri undermouth Ugwidwa kwa anglers onyamula nsomba ndodo yosavuta. The kuipanikiza ndi zipangizo zina zofanana si makamaka wofunitsitsa. Koma nyambo ya agwidwa movutikira. Pang'ono ulipo pakati pa asodzi akatswiri ngati kuti nsomba Podust poods. Kuluma kwa nsomba amafuna chikusesa mwamsanga ndipo ndi lamphamvu kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimene zimafunika. Komanso pamafunika ndi kudya bwino lalikulu zedi.

Podust zokoma nyama, zakudya, ali katundu zosiyanasiyana zothandiza. Kuphika zikhale atangotha kugwira nsomba, T. Kwa. Iwo amatha mofulumira poipa.

kukhwimitsa chitetezo

Kawirikawiri mitundu, amene anthu zaposachedwapa yafupika kwambiri, ndi Common Nase. Red buku m'mayiko ambiri European monga mu mndandanda wa nsomba pangozi. Chifukwa chachikulu kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mtundu uwu - kuipitsa mitsinje ndi mankhwala, banja zimbudzi mafakitale. Common Nase - nsomba kupulumuka kokha mu madzi oyera kwambiri. Choncho, kumathandiza kuteteza ndi kuyeretsa mtsinje bedi, kuteteza siltation zifukwa spawning, yokumba kulera, namtsata Yesu lililonse madzi.