Megalithic akachisi a Malta: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

The wamkulu zopangidwa nyumba amene amayambitsa asayansi padziko lonse mafunso ambiri ali Malta. chipembedzo m'badwo kuposa mapiramidi a Egypt, kuyambira 1980 m'gulu la UNESCO World Heritage List.

Akachisi ndi mphanga anamangidwira popanda cementing njira analenga pogwiritsa ntchito mwala pang'ono ankachitira munthu. Modabwitsa, kutalika kwa ena mbale chifukwa mamita oposa asanu ndi atatu m'litali ndi kulemera matani pafupifupi 50. Choncho si bwino mmene m'zilumba ndi zipangizo wosazindikira analenga ngati yaikulu mapulani gulu loyimba. Komabe ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zosaneneka megalithic akachisi a Malta anamangidwira osati mwa oimira mtundu wa anthu, ndipo iwo anali nawo ntchito yomanga Stonehenge ku England.

Malta masamu

N'zovuta kukhulupirira kuti kalelo kunali chitukuko pa Malta, zomwe akatswiri kukangana lero. Amene anali apainiya amene anafika pa zilumba mu zana lachisanu BC ndipo anamanga akachisi megalithic cha Malta? Mwatsoka, onse funso chidwi amakhalabe osayankhidwa, koma ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti anthu awa kanthu kochita ndi anthu amakono a limati Mediterranean mulibe. Ofukula kuti chilumba kwenikweni ispolosovannaya kuda kwambiri kuti akhalebe pa ngolo ulendo kapena ngolo, koma silinapezeke gudumu aliyense, ngakhale matabwa.

Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana magwero a kuda kwachinsinsi

Choncho ufologists pali nkhani ya chiyambi zakuthambo wa njanji, ndipo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti lodziwika bwino Atlantis inali mu dera la Malta ndi matendawa, onse anasiya Titans amphamvu. kuda lokopa nthawi zina kupita pansi pa madzi, ndi zikopa zawo wandiweyani wosanjikiza matope ndi mchenga, koma ambiri a iwo mbisoweka pansi nyumba yomangidwa.

Pali buku lina, lomwe anaperekedwa kwa chilumbachi nzeru zawo anasonkhanitsa wa anthu ambiri wosamvetsetseka dziko - ndi Sumerians, amene anapanga amathandiza kwambiri chitukuko cha chitukuko chathu.

The nyumba yakale

Amazipanga, anthu oyamba anamanga chachikulu akachisi megalithic cha Malta zaka chikwi pamaso mapiramidi zotchuka Cheops. Zomangamanga wa boulders, mawonekedwe malowedwe imene ofanana maluwa zokula ndi cromlechs - Nyimbo zozungulira wa mbale vertically ataima.

Ngati ife kulankhula za malo, izo bwino anakhazikitsa kuti nyumba onse anali kulambira. Total anapeza 23 Temple, palibe amene sizinawakhudze ife mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi. Nkhani yaikulu chifukwa chinyumba anatumikira anajambulapo zamoyo, ndipo alimi a kumeneko nthawi zambiri chosakaniza mbale yomanga zake, kupanga akachisi bwino anasunga mu bwinja izi. nyumba zinayi zokha Tingaone ndi wawo. Komabe, iwo zowawa tsoka chisoni kukhazikitsanso osauka ankapereka kuonjezera otaya alendo.

Megalithic akachisi a Malta: kufotokoza, mbiri

Aliyense boma opatulika yodziwika ndi nyengo yake. Ngakhale yomanga latsopano mipingo, akale anapitiriza ntchito ngati manda a anthu. Ofufuzawa anapeza kuti nyumba zonse zinamangidwa pa mfundo yomweyi: kumanga likulu ili manda ndi manda anakula padziko akachisi pa mtunda wautali kwa iye.

The wamkulu opatulika Ggantija

Chifukwa cha zofufuza chinapezeka kuti malo opatulika kwambiri wakale Ggantija. Zomangidwa Megalithic cha Malta ndi chiwembu chomwecho, cholinga mofanana kalembedwe mapulani. Kumangidwa amene anali mu XIX atumwi, ali wamba kumbuyo khoma, zomwe zikugwirizana mipingo awiri ndi zipata osiyana.

Yomwe ili pa chilumba cha Gozo, ndi Chimatisi zilumba zofunika zofukula m'mabwinja malo inamangidwa zaka zikwi asanabwere Farao mu Iguputo. Megalithic kachisi Ġgantija ndi mawonekedwe cloverleaf, amatanthauza chonde mpatuko, ndipo zotsatira zikusonyeza mafano pa ntchito yomanga.

yomanga Features

Aliyense wa makachisi ali wapakamwa pang'ono concave ndi pamaso pa aliyense wa iwo ndi nsanja yaikulu ya slabs mwala. Mbali kumene zovuta achipembedzo enclose apezeka vertically ataima. Pafupi ndi khomo anapeza chachilendo mbale recess ladzala ndi madzi ndi ntchito ablution mwambo.

Kufupi chachinsinsi megalithic malo mu Malta, amene mbiri nkhawa asayansi a dziko akuuzidwa kuti akumane ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa. Akukhulupirira kuti South kachisi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita - ndi oyambirira ndi yaikulu yomanga kupanga magawo angapo theka-zozungulira (apses). zotsalira za pulasitala anapezeka, lomwe munali kapangidwe akhakula pa khoma. Anapeza m'kati maguwa kachisi mafupa nyama umboni chakuti panali nsembe.

Hagara Quim

Ili makilomita 15 kuchokera likulu la Malta lalikulu kachisi pa phiri, tichipeza malo atatu, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba. malo achipembedzo, pamwamba umene chowulungika anajambulapo slabs anapeza, chokongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsa zosangalatsa, mafano a nyama ndi mafano opangidwa ndi pakachitsulo. Clover zooneka ngati makachisi ena megalithic, Hajjar Quim anafika ana pafupifupi wawo.

Mnajdra

Atatu achipembedzo gulu loyimba Mnajdra kachisi bwino anasunga. Malinga ndi asayansi, malo opatulika ndi zochokera kwa dzuwa pa yozizira ndi March. Akatswiriwa yaitali ntchito m'gawo, sanapeze chilichonse chinthu zitsulo, zimene zikusonyeza magwero a Neolithic chipilala achipembedzo.

akachisi Tarsch

Lonse zovuta, wopangidwa mwa malo anayi megalithic, anazindikira ngati zovuta kwambiri onse. Bwino anasunga kachisi ndi chidwi alendo mpaka lero. Malta zachilendo megalithic zomangamanga Ndimagoma luso wosiyana ndi talente imodzi ya mapulani amene analenga cromlechs mwachinsinsi, komwe zonse mosamala ndinaganiza ndipo umboni.

Yomanga zovuta m'munsi mpingo akutsimikiza kuzindikira za ambuye zodabwitsa zakuthambo: mu September ndi kuthamanga kudutsa March, dzuŵa chaka kutsatira njira yodutsamo chomwecho.

Kuonekera m'mabwinja a mmunsi mwa fano la mulungu wamkazi wa Chimatisi - ankaona zilimba zake siketi ndi mapazi adachitira umboni. Asayansi apeza kuti chosema wafika oposa awiri ndi theka mamita mu msinkhu. M'chimake tsopano akukhala pa Metropolitan Museum, ndi malo opatulika wayikidwa chidole ziboliboli.

Nearby ndi mwala guwa, molemera chokongoletsedwa ndi ziwembu mwauzimu. Ilipo mu dzenje anali mwamphamvu yagoletsa, ndipo pamene ofukula chitakonzedwa miyala, anapeza mafupa nyama ndi miyambo mpeni. Limodzi la zinthu tinapeza mbale yaikulu unadulidwa slabs mwala. Zonsezi zikusonyeza lonse zovuta amakhulupirira m'zipembedzo za Chimatisi.

Hypogeum Hal Saflieni

Bakuman megalithic akachisi a Malta ndi mobisa opatulika, osemedwa m'mwala, ndi yaikulu ya mbiri isanayambe zipilala la dziko lathuli. Hypogeum Hal Saflieni amapezeka pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi, ntchito ngati chinthu achipembedzo ndi malo m'manda.

Iwo ali apansi atatu zovuta ndi chitsanzo zachilendo a zomangamanga mobisa. Zafukulidwa m'phanga chimbalangondo zipatso - zipangizo wapadera pofukula anapezeka. Zotsalira za mafupa, ziwiya zadothi, chosema mafano nyama, mafano ang'ono, ndi zodzikongoletsera ngakhale akazi kugwetsa kuzindikira za moyo wa m'zilumba wakale.

Kumidima, osemedwa m'mwala, chimakwirira kudera la mamita 500 lalikulu. Pa 30 maholo, zipinda ndi niches amasiyana kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Chipinda kuya mu gawo m'munsi masamba pa nthaka mamita 10 makulidwe. Mu zipinda pa mlingo pakati makoma kotero yosalala, zikuoneka kuti zomangamanga.

Asayansi chidwi chokongoletsera anapanga ndi wofiira ocher, mu zipinda zonse za Hypogeum. Pantchito mwauzimu mwachidziwikire kusonyeza chitukuko ndi kupitiriza kwa moyo. Mu malo opatulika mobisa, imene tingati ndi necropolis, tinapeza oposa 30,000 zotsalira anthu. Komabe, yomanga wa nthumbi ulipobe, kotero asayansi zingasangalatse amapeza latsopano.

AP Dalam

view wina ndi zosaoneka kumwamba, kumene anapeza kuda midzi anthu pa zilumba, Amasonkhezera maganizo a asayansi amene akufuna kumvetsa zimene ndi maukonde kwambiri ngalande. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, izi mobisa mzinda lodziwika bwino kwa dongosolo la Malta, ndi pa zina, ndi pa mozama za kuchimbudzi wakale.

Mfundo yakuti pali nthano ya Akhristu a, amene anamanga labyrinths mobisa ku Malta ndi malemba chinsinsi. Ndipo lero, mwambo lidatsirizika, antchito anapeza tauni lalikulu khomo mumphangayo. Analephera kudutsa mu makonde mobisa ndi arches mkulu, chifukwa iwo onse zokhoma. Komabe, olemba mbiri ena a Malta amakhulupirira kuti mbali chabe ya dongosolo wakale madzi.

Megalithic Zomangidwa: akale chinsinsi cha Malta

Asayansi nkhawa ndi funso la chifukwa palibe malo denga ofukula zinthu zakale. Choncho ayesetsa kwambiri ntchito pa ntchito yomanga megaliths ndi imodzi mwa omanga sanakuoneretu kuthekera zachinsinsi m'malo opatulika, kufikira nyengo yoipa sanaletse munthu kulankhulana ndi milungu. Komabe, ofufuza ena amati denga anali akadali, koma kenako anakomoka.

Megalithic akachisi a Malta - chodabwitsa wapadera ndipo maofesi ofanana mu dziko ayi. Pakuti khoma limodzi akuzilekanitsa malo, ndi udani umenewu zikutipatsa mafunso ambiri. Ngati anthu akulambira Mulungu yemweyo, chifukwa mipingo anagawanika pakati pawo? Ndipo angati ansembe - chimodzi kapena zingapo? Akatswiri kukanganira za chipembedzo cha anthu wakale wa boma. Kodi milungu adamlambira kwa zaka zikwi zisanu asanabadwe Khristu?

mwambi chitukuko

Otulukira chilumbachi ndi bwino wogawanika nyumba zawo ndi akachisi megalithic cha Malta, kuchita m'nyumba zawo chifukwa cha zipangizo zosalimba ndi akuika cromlechs kwa muyaya. Mu 2300 BC chachinsinsi chitukuko Mwamsanga, ndipo umboni kuti anamwalira chifukwa cha ngozi inayake, palibe. Potsatira kuphunzira zotsalira za necropolis ndi chilichonse chosonyeza anapezeka miliri.

Kodi anachita omanga nyumba yoyamba padziko lonse, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani iwo sankafuna talente chidwi, mpaka pano a zinsinsi za chitukuko.

Travel Zokuthandizani

Kwa amene akupita ku Malta ayenera kudziwa kuti maulendo kuti Cromlechs analamula mwezi pamaso pa ulendo. Kuti akachisi wakale asamapite anthu oposa 80, ndiponso pa nyengo mkulu ima pamzere anatambasula kwa miyezi ingapo. mtengo zoyerekeza pa munthu maulendo - madola 120.

Pafupi nyumba achipembedzo pali zinthu zakale ndi zinthu za interactivity, kumene inu mukhoza kuwona zonse amapeza zachilendo anapanga zinthu zakale kukumana ndi zitsanzo za megaliths ndi kuphunzira zambiri za nyumba yakale ya dziko lathuli.