Oktavian Avgust

Oktavian Avgust anali wamkulu-mphwake ndi wolowa yekha wa Kaisara wamkulu. Kutenga dzina la wakufayo ndi mfumu kuvomereza cholowa, iye anasankha thandizo la anzawo a bambo ake omulera, mu BC 44, chinaperekedwa kwa anthu.

Komabe, mphamvu yeniyeni mu zaka a kazembe Mark Anthony, yemwe kwa nthawi yaitali, nayenso, ankanena kuti Iyeyo ndi wolowa wolamulira wa. Popititsa msonkhano dziko, iye oletsedwa mwayi wodzakhala Tribune Octavius.

Koma patapita chaka Oktavian Avgust, mothandizidwa ndi Cicero ndi banja malemu mfumu anatha chilolezo chokhala awo.

Mavuto a za ndale ku Rome adabvutika, akamayamba nkhondo yapachiweniweni. M'zigawo zambiri yogwira achiwembu amene, pambuyo kupha la Kaisara anathawa mumzindamo.

Anthony zotsutsa Decimus Brutus, amene anatha 'kutenga kupambana "ndipo tsopano ndi seneti Oktavian Avgust anali kutumiza asilikali kuwononga mdani wanu.

Komabe, kusankha inawo sakanakhoza kukhala nawo mu mtima wa ambanda Kaisara. Ndipo ichi anathandiza Army: asilikali a asilikali a Roma anakana kuti amenyane Anthony.

Mu chaka chomwecho atatu Triumvir - August Oktavin, Anthony ndipo Lepidus anapanga pangano kuti kuwononga adani awo. Ndipo mu September chaka chotsatira, asilikali awo anagonjetsa Republicans. Cassius ndi Brutus anadzipha. Panali kusokonekera latsopano madera analanda Rome.

Anthony anakwatira "Mfumukazi ya mafumu" Cleopatra, ndi mkazi wake ndi mwana wake kwa Kayisala anayamba kusamalira Roma - Syria, Kilikiya ndi Cyprus. Koma anthu anayamba kuimba kuposa nthawi yomweyo ntchito Octavian, lomwe ndi thandizo la nyumba ya Senate analengeza triumviratora wompereka Iye.

Mu September, 32 chaka BC Actium anali munthu wamkulu panyanja nkhondo, amene Cleopatra ndi Anthony anatayika. Banjalo anathawira ku Iguputo, kumene anakafa.

Patapita zaka ziwiri, Oktavian Avgust mwakachetechete analowa Alexandria, potero kutsiriza yaitali nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Iye anakhala zonse kunachitika mwini chimphona Roma.

mtengo waukulu chinali chinachake chimene analibe zina mafumu a Roma: anatha kupanga mtendere, ndi chimene anatanthauza mapeto a zipolowe ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni, umene unatha pafupifupi zaka zana, ndipo analimbitsa malire kunja.

Atalemba malamulo ankhanza ndithu, kumenyana ndi akapolo osaweruzika, nthawi yomweyo kulola akuluakulu ntchito chitetezo kugonjera kwa nkhanza za ambuye awo. plebs Rural amene alibe malo utumiki wawo asilikali analandira monga mphatso za ndalama kapena maphukusi.

Ichi chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano ya dongosolo miyambo chikhalidwe, imene Mfumu Augustus ali ophatikizidwa njira yatsopano ya boma - kugwirizana kwa mtundu authoritarian, akhoza kuthandiza mgwirizano ndi dongosolo mu ufumuwo, wa kumbali, zochokera kugwilizana ndi njira mtundu wa boma.

Oktavian Avgust mu Mphukira kuletsedwa ziwembu munthu, nthawi akuwuka mwa olemekezeka disaffected. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye anatha kusalaza zotsutsana lakuthwa zachilengedwe chitukuko, kotero mu ufumu anali pa mtendere ndi bata.

Komabe, zaka khumi omaliza a moyo wa Octavian, ndipo anamwalira m'chaka cha 14 BC, anakhala zaka 49 zokha, anali koipa. Motsatizana zipolowe ndipo pamene khamu dziko anamusankha undergraduates chawo, iye anapereka lamulo anathetsa chisankho.

Tsopano mfumu wataya ulemu wake ndi kusinthasintha kawirikawiri anasiya nyumba yachifumu.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, izo ndithu bwino zafotokozedwa cholinga chake mwaluso pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse. Iye achitira sayansi, makamaka ndakatulo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti nyengo lonse dzina lake, inali lothandiza wa kuyanga luso.

The andale amene wavomerezedwa pansi Octavian Augustus, anapereka Roma zaka ziwiri pachuma zimakhudza mbiri wotsatira wa Europe.