Soviet thanki T-34/76: zithunzi ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Kumayambiriro kwa WWII thanki T-34 zinalengedwa Mabaibulo awiri. Anamasulidwa mu pang'ono T-34/5 zida dongosolo mfuti ZIS-4. T-34/76 anali akasinja pafupifupi ndi zikuluzikulu ndi mfuti F 34. Ndi pakati pa nkhondo, anachita yaikulu Soviet chitsanzo. Kukwera kwa T-34/76, umene unachitika mu July 2016 mu dera Voronezh, amathandiza kukumbutsa m'badwo lino la kufunika ndi lodziwika bwino. Makamaka kuyamika makina, Red Army anakwanitsa fupa la nsana wa mdani German. M'nkhani ino tikambirana mfundo zosangalatsa za izo.

kupanga

Mu 1941 iye anapanga masinthidwe wotchuka pa zomera zitatu Kharkov, Stalingrad ndipo pa "Red Sormovo" mu Gorky. Kumayambiriro a nkhondo, 25 June, Bungwe la Commissars Anthu amenewa lamulo malinga ndi zomwe makampani Soviet anayenera kwambiri kuonjezera yopanga akasinja.

Analengedwa dongosolo latsopano la kupanga. The otsogolera mmenemo anauzidwa kuti mbewu nambala 183 mu Kharkov ndi Maofesi ake. Asilikali ankaganiza kuti zinthu zina makampani umabala thanki T-34/76, ndi kusintha kapangidwe wake, tidzapita ndi kampani imeneyi. Zochita zinthu zinayenda mosiyana. Chipwirikiti cha nkhondo, gulu la Kharkov zomera Nizhny Tagil ndi zina zinachititsa kuti chakuti sanali chabe mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso makhalidwe a chitsanzo. M'madera ena zomera za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zingasiyane pang'ono. Title kusinthidwa Komabe, kunali ponseponse. 76 Number anatengera chifukwa cha khalidwe 76 mm Cannon.

Maonekedwe a asilikali

Nkhondo yokakamiza wosalira zambiri ndipo modernize kupanga malinga ndi kusintha kwa zinthu conjunctural. Mu September 1941, pambuyo liwiro la miyezi ya nkhondo, T-34-76 anayamba kufika paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi ndi asilikali. Wamng'ono wa hardware izi lonse lankhondo anali pa zisudzo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa ntchito.

Choyamba, amalowa kwa nthawi yaitali anali yekha wamng'ono (zochitika zazikulu zinachitika m'dera Moscow). Kachiwiri Leningrad Front anapeza yokha kutali otsala a USSR. Kutumiza akasinja oletsedwa mzindawo pa Neva ndi kovuta. Chifukwa Lenfronta paki makamaka inkakhala osati wa misa T-34/76, ndi kuwala kwa T-26 HF lolemera ( "Clim Voroshilov").

Wa thalakitala - mu akasinja

Ndi October 1 anali 566 akasinja (65 amene anali T-34/76) patsogolo kumadzulo. Malinga kwa ziwerengero, pamene chiwerengero cha kusinthidwa anakhalabe otsika. Ambiri mwa T-34/76 opangidwa ndi kupangidwa mu 1943, pamene anakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi kuzindikira Soviet akasinja. izo m'malo mwa kusinthidwa zotsatirazi uli chifupi ndi mapeto a nkhondo - ndi T-34/85.

M'dzinja 1941 sewerolo waukulu akasinja anakhala Stalingrad mbewu. Nkhondo isanayambe iwo unalengedwa monga thirakitara. Pa mafakitale Stalin pakhala makampani akuluakulu amenewa, ndi onse a iwo zinamangidwa ndi diso kuti mkangano zotheka zida. Ngati yamtendere ndi Stalingrad thalakitala fakitale anapanga, ndi pambuyo kuukira German, chifukwa peculiarities wa kupanga izo mwamsanga anadzatchedwa thanki. Mu malo ya ulimi makina anadza kwa zida za nkhondo.

mayeso yozizira

Kwa nthawi yoyamba T-34/76 analengeza ngati thanki konsekonse mu chaka cha 1941. Mu masiku amenewo, Germany magulu ake onse anathamangira ku Moscow. The Wehrmacht ankaganizira blitzkrieg, ndipo kuponyedwa nkhondo nkhokwe zambiri. asilikali Soviet anali kuthawa ku likulu. mkanganowo kale mu makilomita 80 kuchokera Moscow. Nthawiyi, m'banda (mu October) anali chisano ndi panali chisanu chivundikiro. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi, kuwala thanki T-60 ndi T-40C atasiya kuti akamagwiritsa. Lolemera chitsanzo amadwala kupanda PPC awo ndi HIV. Chifukwa, pa yofunika ya nkhondo, anaganiza kuti waukulu thanki T-34/76. Ndi kulemera, makina ankaona pafupifupi.

Chifukwa nthawi yake zinali bwino ndi mkulu-mapeto zipangizo Soviet thanki T-34/76, 1941 nyemba. Makamaka kunyada constructor amatchedwa injini dizilo B-2. Protivosnaryadnym zida (thanki zofunika zoteteza mchitidwe) ikuchitika ntchito zake zonse ndi molondola kuteteza gulu la anthu 4. Zida zankhondo dongosolo F-34 mkulu-liwiro kuwombera, kulola mwamsanga kuthana ndi mdani. makhalidwe amenewa atatu akusamalira akatswiri mu malo oyamba. mbali zina za thanki anasintha kumayambiriro lomaliza.

Zimphona mathanki

Mathanki, kumenyana pa T-34/76, anadzipereka anamanganso zambiri zimene mungalembe iwo onse n'zosatheka. Pano pali zitsanzo chabe za oyeretsa kulimbamtima pa Nkhondo ya Moscow. Kaforin anga anapitiriza moto pa mdani, ngakhale pamene comrades ake onse aphedwa, ndipo thanki kunagwa. Tsiku lotsatira adagwidwa ndi makina wina, Wawononga platoons awiri oyenda, ndi mfuti chisa ndi positi mdani lamulo. Kwa nthawi anga otsiriza Kaforina kugonja m'mudzi wa Kozlov. Iye anaponya kumbuyo, osati koma yapsya pamodzi ndi thanki.

Mofananamo, moto yokutidwa kumenyana magalimoto oyeretsa ndi mlangizi ndale mkulu Timerbaeva Mamontov. Thanki kampani mkulu Captain Vasilyev anavulazidwa, koma anapitiriza kuwombera. Mozizwitsa anatha kutuluka galimoto maminiti pang'ono kuphulika lapansi. Kenako Vasilyev analandira choyenera mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union. Komanso mwapadera khama osiyana Red Army 28 oti muli nazo zida Brigade.

Poteteza Moscow

asilikali oti muli nazo zida achita mbali yofunika polepheretsa ndi zoopsa German zolawula pa Moscow. Iwo ankachita mu ambushes, kukakumana ndi kuteteza njira zofunika kwambiri likulu, atagwira msewu mpaka kufika kwa reinforcements. Pa lamulo lomwelo zambiri sankadziwa mmene kuthana ndi akasinja lapansi. Inagunda osadziwa ndi kusadziwa zenizeni zamakono, pamene ndodo ya Red Army M'malo mwake, anagunda mdani ndi olimba mtima komanso opirira.

Nthawi imeneyi efficiently kwambiri opareshoni gulu limene panalinso asanu brigades oti muli nazo zida (MAF): alonda 1, 27, 28, 23 ndi 33 thanki Brigade. Iwo anagonjera Army 16 wokutidwa Volokolamsk malangizo. Nkhonya pa Germany adayikidwa makamaka ambushes. Kuwulula zinachitika pa November 16 m'tauni wakunja kwatawuni wa Athene. asilikali Soviet anatenga mbali kumbuyo m'mudzi. The akasinja anasowa anabisala aja. Posakhalitsa, mdani anayesa kukhazikitsa ulamuliro pa akadzidzi a. 80 German akasinja anagonjetsa asilikali a Red Army oyenda ndi Moto mfuti brigade. Mu mphindi yovuta kwambiri anabisala aja anali Soviet makina, zomwe anabwezeretsa zokhazikika. Pankhondo linanyeka pafupifupi akasinja German ndi makampani awiri oyenda.

Model 1943

nkhondo yaikulu zinachitika mu 1943 pafupi kum'mwera steppes Russian, kumene kunali kuchuluka kwa kuchititsa mchitidwe nkhondo ndi ntchito ya misa lalikulu makina. Iwo anakhala lalikulu Soviet thanki T-34/76. Lachitsanzo salinso kupanga Stalingrad. M'malo mwake, kupanga wake anagwidwa Omsk, Chelyabinsk ndipo Sverdlovsk.

Ndi pakati pa nkhondoyo inatha ndi mzake (ngakhale ang'ono) wamakono wa T-34/76. Panali stamped ndi hexagonal nsanja, ndi gearbox yatsopano inayamba. Ofesi kapangidwe anazunguzika mmene kuonjezera kupanga lalikulu la makina, pokhalabe ndi khalidwe la chamoyo wake. Ndipotu, usiku wa Kursk nkhondo thanki T-34/76 1943 iye anakhalabe kusinthidwa pang'ono kuloŵedwa m'malo, amene anaonekera pa chiyambi cha nkhondo.

zolakwa

Nthawiyi, m'kupita kwa zochita nkhondo pa kauntala-amanyansidwa wa Red Army anayamba kusonyeza kapangidwe zolakwika kwambiri chimene chimasiyanitsa Soviet thanki T-34/76. zidazo anali German odana ndi concede atangobadwa kugonjetsedwa kwa Wehrmacht pa Stalingrad. Ulamuliro wa Nazi anazindikira kuti dziko ndi nthawi yokonzekera yaitali okwana nkhondo (osati Blitzkrieg). Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa moyo anthu zachilengedwe kwambiri mu ndondomeko ya m'munsi asilikali. Pali zosintha zamakono zosinthira German.

Vuto wopereka T-34/76 anali chosowa maneuverability a thanki. Popanda chitsanzo amakhala wosatetezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha chilema anali kusowa liwiro la ulamuliro HIV. Kale ndi T-34/76 chitsanzo mu 1942 anali 4 liwiro gearbox, pamene galimoto yodula - ndi 5-6 liwiro. Komanso, gearboxes Soviet amasiyana movutikira. Kuchokera galimoto chofunika kwambiri luso ndi kupirira izo, pamene German thanki oyeretsa sankadziwa za mavuto amenewa.

adani latsopano

Pokonzekera nkhondo wofunika kwambiri Kursk, lamulo Soviet ankaganiza kuti akasinja Russian kupirira German chitsanzo popanda kusintha kulikonse lalikulu chosintha mapulani ake. chikhulupiriro ichi analimbitsa latsopano zida kuboola zipolopolo, amene anaonekera pa Red Army mu April 1943. Komabe, nthawi imene T-34/76 adayamba kusewera zonse duel ndi adani chachikulu pa nkhope ya German "Panther".

Kursk potsiriza kumatha Musamadzinamize a boma la Russia. Latest "Tigers", "Ferdinand" ndi "Panthers" anali kuposa luso Soviet, zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Zikuoneka kuti kusiyana ndi negligible. Ndipotu, pankhondo patsogolo zaumisiri asilikali yagoletsa ndi liwiro lalikulu, nchifukwa chake ngakhale kusiyana laling'ono kuchokera mdani zingakhale amapha.

Ntchito pa nsikidzi

mavuto onse pamwamba wa T-34/76 anali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri chifukwa okonza Soviet. Ntchito pa nsikidzi anayamba nthawi yomweyo. Kupanga loyamba latsopano zomera mabokosi zida anayamba mu Sverdlovsk. Pali latsopano 5-liwiro gearbox, ndi yapita 4-liwiro modernized. kupanga anayamba ntchito bwino avale zosagwira zitsulo. Komanso, akatswiri anawayesa latsopano kufala kapangidwe (mayendedwe Kusinthidwa zigawo zikuluzikulu HIV, ndi zina zotero. D.). Sverdlovsk timu ya woyamba anatha kuika mu kupanga waukulu zowalamulira actuator, amene kwambiri adziwerenga ntchito ya dalaivala.

The galimotoyo akweza anali kusintha mtundu wina, umene muli ndi kusinthidwa thanki T-34/76. chithunzi makina kuchokera angapo osiyana ndi maonekedwe osati kukhala wosiyana, koma kusiyana zofunika kwambiri pakati pa iwo anali anira awo mkati. Iwo analimbitsa mawilo ndi idler odzigudubuza, bwino kudalirika kwa kamangidwe, ndi zina zotero. D. Komanso, akasinja wonse adamangidwa ndi fakitale kuyezetsa zina.

Back mu malonda

Mu July 1943, kwa nthawi yoyamba anayamba bwanji patsogolo pa miyezi ingapo yapitayi kakusintha thanki T-34/76. Chidwi mfundo anasiya wotchuka Nkhondo ya Prokhorovka. 5 alonda thanki Army anapanga ulendo ndigwira kale lonse.

Kwa masiku atatu thupi ndi zomvetsa kochepa mu ogwira zinachitika makilomita 350. Ndithu mwadzidzidzi kwa Germany, mankhwala awa woyikidwa ndewu ndi anagwetsa kuukira German. mdani anataya kota ya akasinja awo.

Kutha kwa ntchito

Vuto lina lalikulu kwa luso la Soviet chinali Chibelarusi tiponye 1944. Poyambirira pano, komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo Russia, anaonekera pa nkhani za kafukufukuyu anamira mu zithaphwi magalimoto a asilikali. Kuphatikizapo kangapo opangidwa thanki kutukula T-34/76.

Mu Belarus, njira anali kusuntha mchenga ndi miyala misewu si bwino quality, kapena ngakhale nkhalango zithaphwi. Pankhaniyi, nthawi yokonza analibe. Ngakhale latsopano kufala T 34/76 anakwaniritsa ntchito yake natsutsana ulendo wa makilomita 1000 (makilomita 50-70 patsiku).

Pambuyo Byelocountryn ntchito chitsanzo ichi kenako njira yotsatira Mphindi 85 kusinthidwa. Womalizira thanki T-34/76 anapezeka pansi pa mtsinje Don m'dera Voronezh. Ndinatuluka pamwamba mu July 2016. Pezani adzakhala anasonyeza mu nyumbayi.