Chikhalidwe ndi chizindikiro cha kalata ntchito kalelo, pamene panalibe alifabeti ndi makalata, wina chizindikiro ndi chinthu kapena chodabwitsa. Kwenikweni, dzina la amatanthauza "svyaschennovyrezanny" losema mwala. Kutchula koyamba za hieroglyphics a Egypt, pa nthawi imeneyo mpaka lero m'malangizowa osati otchulidwa munthu ndi syllables, koma mawu lonse ndi matanthauzo, kapena, ngati iwo amatchedwa ideograms. Pakali pano, kokha zilembo ntchito Chinese, Japanese ndi Korea chilankhulo ndi kulemba Kanji ntchito mitundu kokuji ndi hanche.
otchulidwa Chinese: mbiri ya yatsoka
Chinese kulemba anthu ntchito kuyambira nthawi zakale. Woyamba kupulumuka amatchula zimenezi zikukhudzana ndi 1400 BC, amene imagwera pa gulu la Yin Mafumu. Kulemba zilembo anali mu China mtundu wa Zilembozo zinkasonyeza luso, adutsa pansi ku mibadwomibadwo kuyambira chiyambi cha maonekedwe awo. bizinesi kumafuna ndende ndi luso, chidziwitso cha malamulo onse ndi chikhazikitso. Mwachitsanzo, onse khalidwe akadalembedwa kwenikweni kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja ndipo pamwamba mpaka pansi, choyamba mzere umodzi, kenako okha yopingasa.
Makhalidwe a m'nkhaniyi Chinese
chizindikiro chilichonse kawirikawiri mawu kumatanthauza Choncho, pali chiwerengero chachikulu chimene kukula tsiku lililonse. Lero wafika otchulidwa eyite zikwi. Ngakhale anthu a m'dziko la China, kulankhula kubadwa ndi ophunzira chinenero sangafikire moyo ndi kufufuza mwathunthu, kotero tizisonyeza Makhalidwe Chinese ndi kumasulira kwa kumvetsa. Nthawi zambiri, mafano awo ofanana ndi zinthu akuimira, ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu otchulidwa - mtundu wa zithunzi kusonyeza chinthu chifukwa mbali yake yaikulu ndi mawonekedwe.
zilembo Chinese
Pali chinthu monga zilembo Chinese. Hieroglyphs anawamasulira zikomo mfundo kwa iye, ngati chilengedwe chake umalimbana kuphunzira ndi kumvetsa chinenero, komanso kulankhulana chosavuta pa izo, chifukwa kuphunzira chinenero n'zovuta mwatsatanetsatane. Romanized zilembo osati kwa alendo komanso anthu Chinese, amene mukufuna kulankhula kunja kwa dzikoli. Ndiyamika zilembo anaonekera dongosolo monga Pinyin, akhoza kulemba mau a chinenero Chinese m'makalata Latin. Mosiyana pinyin zilembo kuboma ndi kuphunzira ndi ophunzira onse achilendo.
Kiyi Chinese otchulidwa yomasulira Russian
Taonani zina bwino mawu ambiri mu chinenero Chinese yomasulira Russian, ndiwo makiyi, kuti ndicho ngodya ndi maziko kwa anthu ena. Khalidwe dzuwa, - 日. Ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro wamkulu ndi ambiri, palinso Japanese, ndi Korea. Poyamba Ine zinkaimira chonse, osati amakona anayi, koma chifukwa cha mtundu wa wachisokonezo kunapatsidwa mawonekedwe bwino, komanso anthu ena anamaliza. Khalidwe liri constituent wa dzuwa mu zina, limaimira "mbandakucha" - 旦, "lakale" kapena "lakale" - 旧. Imodzi yothetsera - 人, kutanthauza "munthu" ndi mbali ya mawu monga 仔 - mwana, 亾 - imfa, 仂 - zotsalira. Tanthauzo la chizindikiro ichi ndi chimodzimodzi kwa zilankhulo Japanese ndi Korea. 厂 hieroglyph kutanthauza "mtima wosweka" ndipo 厄 - tsoka, 厈 - phompho. Chizindikiro 土 - izo dziko kapena nthaka, ntchito mawu: 圥 - bowa, 圹 - manda, 圧 - tulo. Awa ndi zilembo zinayi zikuluzikulu, ambiri mawu m'chilankhulo cha Chinese.
Khalidwe Chinese "Qi"
Hieroglyphics kalekale mbali ya chinthu chinachake chachikulu kuposa kulemba basi. Iwo kofunika kwambiri osati monga mawu, komanso zizindikiro za zokhudza moyo ndi danga. Chifukwa cha ichi, iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa zamkati ndipo zinthu kuvala thupi. Pali wotchuka otchulidwa Chinese yomasulira, makamaka otchuka. Mmodzi wa awa - 氣, kutanthauza "Qi" - mphamvu kwambiri. chizindikiro ichi ndi mwamphamvu mu nzeru Chinese, chifukwa cha kukhalapo zonse, ndipo ngakhale chilengedwe. Subdivide mfundo zitatu zikuluzikulu chizindikiro: chikhazikitso cha chilengedwe chonse, umoyo, umodzi wa thupi ndi mzimu. Mu njira ina, iwo angatchedwe mphamvu zitatu: kumwamba, dziko lapansi ndi munthu. Khalidwe ntchito Feng shui - ikuimira gulu la danga, komanso mankhwala.
Popular otchulidwa Chinese
The mfundo za wotchuka kwambiri ndi zothandiza kudziwa anthu amene akufuna kupanga zizindikiro. otchulidwa Chinese ndi kufunika translation, makamaka ngati phindu n'kofunika kuti munthuyo. Mwina khalidwe wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa tikhoza kuganiza "Fu» - 福. Akutchula katatu zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wathu: chimwemwe, chuma ndi ulemerero. Mu chikondwerero cha chaka chatsopano, banja lililonse China chagona chizindikiro pa khomo lakumaso, pamene pamodzi ndi khalidwe la "banja", amatanthauza "banja chimwemwe." Chizindikiro akhoza kuwonetsedwa kawiri, kutanthauza "awiri chimwemwe" ndi ntchito ukwati ndi chibwenzi. 富 chizindikiro alinso phokoso la "Fu", izo ntchito Kuwonjezera chuma. kufunika ofanana ndi chizindikiro cha "Gian» - 钱. Khalidwe "yankang" amatanthauza thanzi ndi akufotokozedwa ngati 健康. Chitukuko, zabwino zonse ndi bwino Adzaperekedwa ndi zizindikiro "fanrong" ndi "chenggong", ndi moyo wautali "changshou". Ena a m'nkhaniyi, "Ai" - chikondi, "buluu" - moyo, "Ching" - maganizo, "chung" - woona, "ren" - ndi kagawo.
Kanji mphini
otchulidwa Chinese yomasulira kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zizindikiro. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti zizindikiro, zonse za thupi la munthu ndi mphamvu yayikulu, ndi chikoka. Kawirikawiri zimenezi pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo ambiri, monga "Malaki" kutanthauza chimwemwe. "G" amatanthauza zabwino, khalidwe "mei" - apilo "heh" - wolimba, "de" - ukoma. Ena kusonkhanitsa mfundo mphini mafilimu kum'mawa, kotero Kawirikawiri mungapeze ndekha akufuna kulasa chinjoka "miyezi" kapena wankhondo "Changsha".
Kufalitsa mayina a abale, monga mayi - "mucin" kapena bambo - "Fuqing". otchulidwa Chinese yomasulira oyenera amene sanasankhebe pa kusankha. Ngati simukufuna kuganizira tanthauzo kwambiri, kungoti kumasulira mayina kapena okonda mu Chinese. Pakuti ichi pali matebulo wapadera kuti mwachindunji ndi zilembo lolingana dzina anakhumba, kawirikawiri ambiri.
Koma asanapite ku makeke mphini Tisaiwale mwatsatanetsatane yaikulu. Kodi chimachitika ndi kuti khalidwe lomweli likupezeka mu Japanese, Korea ndi Chinese, koma ali ndi tanthauzo losiyana kotheratu. Mwadala kuchita kuti aletse tanthauzo la chizindikiro mu zinenero zonse, sangagwelenso kovuta.
Mawu mu Chinese
Pali anthu amene sindikufuna okha mawu amodzi, kapena hieroglyph limodzi, chifukwa chaichi pali ziganizo lonse kuti ntchito zilembo Chinese. Photos anamasulira mawu kotero inu mosavuta kupeza pa Intaneti, koma pali wamba ndi otchuka. Mwachitsanzo, wotchuka Chibuda Testament: "Musalankhule choipa, kumva choipa, onani choipa." Pali zina zabwino kumva mawu akuti: m'dzinja maluwa, magulu atsopano, chapamwamba mwa mtima ndi moyo, mphamvu ya mzimu ndi ena ambiri. Onse umaimiridwa ndi zizindikiro zingapo zizindikiro amenewa adzatumikira bwino m'madera ambiri thupi. Mukhozanso ntchito ziganizo lonse kapena mawu: "Uzilemekeza Zakale, Pangani Tsogolo." Ife tikudziwa akuti "Muzilimbikira mtima wanu ndi kukhala mzimu." mawu onse awa kale yatembenuzidwa, koma ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ake omwe, ndiye ndi bwino kufunsa munthu womasulira akatswiri ochokera Chinese ndipo sakhulupirira kumasulira Intaneti.