"Pallada" Sitimayo Russian. "Frigate" Pallada "- kuyenda essays Goncharova I.

Mu ntchito ya Ivan Goncharov zimakhala zapadera essays malo kuyenda "frigate" Pallada ". Iwo anauza wowerenga kwambiri za kapangidwe ka limati akunja, monga kutukuka European ndi atsamunda ku Africa, Asia ndi Far East. No zochepa chidwi anali kufotokoza ndi njira ya moyo ya anthu Russian mu Siberia.

A mwaluso la zombo Russian

Mu 1831, mkulu munthu wa Nicholas Ine, panali tsamba mmodzi wa wotchuka zombo Russian wa zoyambirira za XIX m'ma "Pallada". The frigate anaikidwa ku nyanja patapita chaka ndi kutumikira kwa zaka zoposa 20.

"Sitimayo inagunda" mu zaka osiyana mu lamulo la H. Nakhimov P. Moller, J. Unkovsky. Chifukwa specifications mkulu luso ndi zochita mwaluso oyendetsa chombo sanangatikhululukira kuthandiza zombo mavuto. Ine ntchito kwa maulendo yaitali kugombe la maiko ena. ulendo wake omaliza chombo wachita kuti Japan - iye anafotokoza mu essays wake I. Goncharov. Mu 1855, "Sitimayo inagunda" (frigate anavutika kwambiri awiri Mkuntho anali nsanza) anagona mu Bay alonda dera la Imperial (Soviet) doko ku Khabarovsk Gawo.

ulendo World

Cholinga cha ntchito za mgwirizano wa mayiko, kucitika mu 1852, anali kufunika kugwirizananso malonda ndi Japan ndi kuyendera Alaska a Russia. Iye anatengedwa ndi adalira ozindikira ogwidwawo kwa chakudya nthawi yaitali. Gulu la Bolivia kutsogoleredwa ndi wotsatila asilikali E. Putyatin ndi mlembi anatumikira pamene wolemba Ivan Goncharov mu Dipatimenti ya Trade okhonda. Frigate "Pallada" tidapita zapitazi England, Indonesia, South Africa, China, ndi Philippines ndipo ambiri zilumba ting'onoting'ono Atlantic, Indian ndi Pacific. Ulendo wonse unatha pafupifupi 3 zaka.

Mbiri ya kulemba bukhu la "Frigate" Pallada ""

I. Goncharov anatenga uthenga za ulendo ndithu, tingadziwe kuti izo kwambiri alemere zomwe zimachitika m'moyo wake. Kuyambira masiku oyambirira, anayamba kulemba zonse zomwe ndinaona mu chipika pa njirayo, ngakhale pambuyo pake, mu oyamba essays, ananena kuti ankafuna yekha luso mumpanda mphindi chofunika kwambiri paulendowu. Ndi zidindo za mayiko kunja kuwonjezera kuona moyo Russian Siberia: Goncharov anali kutenga ku St. Petersburg pamtunda kuchokera kugombe la nyanja ya Okhotsk, amene anapita "Sitimayo inagunda". Frigate n'zofunika kukonzedwa ndi sakanakhoza kusuntha navigation zina.

Patatha miyezi iwiri kubwerera ku likulu (mu April 1855) mu "Mfundo za Lathu" anaonekera sewero loyamba la pa ulendo. Kenako kwa zaka zitatu Goncharov lofalitsidwa mu "Nyanja zosonkhanitsira". Kwathunthu magazini inafalitsidwa mu 1858 ndipo pomwepo chidwi za lonse kuŵerenga. Kenako, buku - amene si anakonza poyambirira wolemba - "frigate" Pallada "" kuwonjezera essays awiri. Loyamba chomaliza ulendo kudutsa Siberia, lachiwiri - tsogolo la sitimayo.

Ubwino waukulu kulembamo kuyenda otchedwa kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zenizeni zimene zinalembedwa, uthenga za chododometsa m'mbuyomu pang'ono kuti anthu Russian, ndi luso wolemba.

"Frigate" Pallada "": okhutira mwachidule bukuli

Essays kuimira nkhani ya moyo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Ndipo lingaliro la wolemba kunadetsa yapadera ndi limodzi ndi mawu n'zolakwika bwanji alendo, amene anali. Mwachitsanzo, chitukuko English, malinga Goncharov, amawononga zinthu zonse zamoyo. Apa, zonse zikuyenda monga kukonzekera palibe cordiality. Njira ya anatsutsa moyo yotakata Russian. Mwachitsanzo, kumbukirani nkhani ya woyendetsa Sorokin, amene akufuna kukula Siberia mkate. Maganizo ake anali opambana, koma sasiya kumeneko, ndipo akufotokozera gawo latsopano, kupereka zipatso za Tungus awo ntchito ndi mpingo.

tcheru payekha, chokumbukira wolemba, kuboola m'ngalawamo "Sitimayo inagunda" - wolemba frigate m'dziko lachilendo mChipangano kunyumba mbadwa - za moyo wa fuko lomveka Russian. Izi umo_mosangalala tiyi yopuma, chete atagona pabedi, maholide wosatha. Pakuti Goncharova iwo sanapite poyerekeza aliyense ndi amangokhala ali pikitipikiti zonse za English.

Negros, ndi Chinese sindimakonda fungo awo, mwina chifukwa acimbadzoza mafuta ndi wapadera. Japanese wolemba ankaona kuchenjerera (achikulire, nkhope zambiri zopusa writhe) ndi sluggishness. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti m'pofunika kuwononga kachitidwe kawo kudzipatula kwa dziko lakunja ndi umunthu. Koma ubwino wa anthu molapitsa anali moyandikana ndi chilengedwe, otaika kwathunthu British. Chikutanthauza mfundo zosangalatsa wolemba pa zotsatira za kulamulira, kuona pafupifupi njira lonse la "Pallada". Malinga ndi wolemba, "chilombo" cha Chinese pa zolakwa zawo ankakhoza kuwaphunzitsa kutukuka British ndi America, ndi ulemu, ndi onse chikhalidwe cha khalidwe ndi maganizo kwa mphatso za chilengedwe.

Bukuli limati (kwa nthawi yoyamba!) za moyo wa pa Decembrists ku Siberia, anathandizidwa ndi womdziwa lenileni la wolemba ndi ena owayimilira. Chosagwedera mphamvu, moyo (ngakhale zinthu oipa mtima, oimira yabwino otchuka anayesera kusunga mu kwake awo parlors zofunika mlingo wa uzimu) linachititsa kusirira wolemba.

mfundo zingapo chidwi wa essays Goncharova I.

Owerenga zamakono buku ndi chidwi onena zimene lero akuwoneka chotheka. Mwachitsanzo, kuseka ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa anachititsa Goncharov chizolowezi moni English. "Choyamba, yesani kugwetsera dzanja wina ndi mzake," - analemba. Kodi wolemba ankadziwa kuti anatengera mu Chingelezi amuna njira ya moni anaonekera mu Russia.

Zomwe zinachitika wina oseketsa adza kwa Japanese. Mmodzi wa anthu am'deralo yapamadzi anapereka botolo kanthu. Zitatha izi, Almeida Japanese anafunsa kuti atenge mphatso kumbuyo. Ndi mawu akuti: "Inde, kuponyera (botolo) m'nyanja," anati kwambiri kuti inu simungakhoze. "Tidzakutulutsani ndi inu kwenikweni mudziponye ...". Kunapezeka kuti makonsolo anali kuvutika ndi kuzembetsa.

Iye akufotokoza ulendo wake zachilendo I. Goncharov, ndi frigate "Pallada" limene zaka ziwiri ndi theka sanali kokha nyumba ndi chikumbutso cha dziko, komanso gwero la kudzoza, amene amaloledwa kulenga ntchito kwambiri luso.