Pamela Travers: yonena, mbiri, moyo, zilandiridwenso ndi mabuku

Pamela Travers - British novelist chiyambi Australia. chigonjetso chake chachikulu kulenga anali mabuku angapo a ana a za Mary Poppins. Pamela Travers, amene yonena ali m'nkhani ino, ankakhalanso zochuluka, olemera ndi chidwi moyo, lolingana dziko mabuku ake.

ubwana

Dzina lenileni la wolemba - Helen Goff. Iye anabadwa pa August 9, mu akutali 1899. Izo zinachitika mu mzinda ku Australia Maryborough. banja lake linali lolemera ndithu. The bambo, dzina lake Travers Goff, amene ankagwira ntchito woyang'anira banki. Amayi, Margaret Morehead, mphwanga ndi amalume, nduna ya Queensland. Pamela anali mizu Irish bambo ake.

Mu 1905, ntchito ya Travers ali anakankha m'banja lake asamukire ku tauni yapafupi ya Allora, komwe downgraded kwa munthu wogwira ntchito ku banki. vuto onse booze anatumikira wakeless mutu wa banja. Patapita zaka ziwiri, wolemekezeka Travers anafa. Mu zikalata zofunikira chifukwa cha imfa inali wakhunyu zoyenera, koma patapita nthawi yaitali, mwana wake wamkazi, kale wolemba wotchuka, ananena kuti bambo ake anamwalira chifukwa cha uchidakwa.

Pambuyo pa malirowo, banja lawo linasamukira ku New South Wales, komwe agogo anga ankakhala, Pamela Helen. Iye anali ndi shuga munda. Goff kukhala kumeneko zaka khumi.

Monga mwana, Helen adalipo anthu nyama gulu anthu. Iye anali ndi malingaliro kwambiri ndiponso m'maganizo. Iye kuwerenga kwambiri mabuku ndi kukhulupirira mu nthano.

achinyamata

Pamene First World nkhondo, Pamela Travers anayamba kuphunzira mu Eshvildskoy sukulu kwa atsikana. Kumeneko bwino kwambiri anaonekera paunyamata wolemba ake talente. Kudakondweretsa masewero sukulu zisudzo, kulemba nkhani ndi ndakatulo, abale ndi alongo ake anasangalala ndi nthano wochoka kwa cholembera cha Pamela.

M'mawa kwambiri kuyamba kusindikiza mu magazini Australia. Komabe, kulemba mabuku sanali chinthu la mtsikana. Anaphunzira nyimbo ndi kulakalaka kukhala katswiri wa zisudzo.

Mu 1917, chifukwa cha chilakolako chake Helen Goff anasamukira ku Sydney. Ndiko kumene kumakhaladi P. L. Trevers. Maina panthawiyi ntchito ku akazi amene akufuna kuchita nawo moyo chikhalidwe ndi luso.

Kwa zaka zingapo iye bwinobwino anachita mu bwalo lamasewera, kusewera maudindo akuluakulu. Komabe, zinthu zimenezi sizinathetse ndalama kwambiri, ndipo kukayamba, Pamela anali kupeza mtolankhani. Kwa nthawi yaitali iye anatsogolera mzati mu nyuzipepala. njira zolembalemba andzesera ndalama yaing'ono. Nthawiyi, ndakatulo yake kupeza mu kutchuka. Mitu ya ntchito anali osiyanasiyana ndithu. Ena anaimba kunyumba ya bambo ake - Ireland, ena anali kugonana chikhalidwe.

M'kupita ntchito zolembalemba anapambana ndipo Pamela anaganiza kuti adzipereke moyo wake mabuku.

Kusamukira ku England

Inasintha tsoka la wolemba inayamba mu 1924. Apo ndi pamene iye anapita ku Mangalande. ulendo wake unali wosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo umaonekera ena ntchito za Pamela. Malinga ndi Maulendo Travers, zinali ndalama khumi yokha, pamene iye anakhala pa msewu, ndipo asanu a iwo akhala ntchito pa ena zamkhutu.

Nthawi yoyamba iye analemba zolemba pang'ono ofalitsa Australia mu London ndi kutumiza nkhani zambiri pa pepala luso kwawo.

Mu 1925, pa ulendo wopita ku Ireland Pamela Travers anakumana ndi ndakatulo George. W. Russell, amene anakhala iye chabe bwenzi, koma ena njira ideologist wa moyo. Kukambiranako awo mpaka 1935, imfa ya Russell. Iye anali mkonzi wa magaziniyo, kotero Pamela zambiri kusindikizidwa. Komanso, kuthokoza kwa wolemba munthu anakumana andakatulo ambiri Irish wa mzaka zana makumi awiri, adali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa iye.

Pakati pawo ndi malo apadera anali kulamulidwa ndi Uilyam Yeyts, amene anaika chidwi chake osati zamatsenga, koma kukhulupirira iye. Kuyambira nthawi imene anakumana ndi mpaka masiku ake otsiriza, Pamela Travers tinaona kuti motsogozedwa kudziwa tsoka lake.

chigonjetso Pamela

Mu 1934, wolemba anadwala ndi pleurisy ndipo tinasankha kusamukira ku London tipeze mphamvu m'midzi mu mpweya wabwino. Iye anakhazikika ku nyumba yakale ku Sussex ndi nthawi anakana ntchito zolembalemba.

bwenzi lake Russell adafotokoza kuti Pamela akuchita buku lalikulu za mfiti (chifukwa zokonda zake zamatsenga), koma sizinali choncho. Iye sanalembe, tingowerenga kwambiri koma kusamalira munda. Koma pamene iye anafunsidwa kuti asamalire ana awiri, ndipo Travers anavomera. Kuti mwanjira kuchereza ana, iye anabwera ndi nkhani zodabwitsa za wantchito zachilendo wakudza kwa ana pa maambulera.

Umu ndi mmene wotchuka Mary Poppins anabadwa, mwadzidzidzi mu nyumba №17 pa Cherry Street, banja la Banks ndi ngwazi zina. Ku nkhani mwachizolowezi yogona kukhala nkhani ya m'buku, koma palibe amene yekha Pamela Lindon Trevers. "Mary Poppins" linasindikizidwa mu 1934 chomwecho. Zinali bwino zosaneneka, kupambana kwenikweni.

Chaka chotsatira anabwera kupitiriza nkhani ya namwino. Total wolemba walenga ntchito 18 matsenga Lady Mary, yomaliza ndi imene inafalitsidwa mu 1989.

Pamela Travers mabuku akhala anajambula mu Hollywood mu 1964. Disney anapanga filimu, kenako inali nthawi 13 asankha kuti "Oscar" (5 mphoto anapambana). Mu Russia mu 1983 anabwera kanema "Mary Poppins, chabwino!" Udindo waukulu umene iye anachita Natalia Andreichenko.

moyo

Relations mu moyo wa wolembayo anali kwambiri, koma anakwatiwa sanabwere kuchokera. Iye zimachitika zokhudza chikondi ndi akazi.

Kwa nthawi yaitali, Pamela Lindon Trevers, amene adakonda buku ana onse English ndimalota za mwana wake, koma iye anali kubereka sizinachitike. Choncho, mwamsanga pamene anali ndi zaka makumi anai, anaganiza kuti titengere mwana. Iwo anapeza mnyamata Dublin (Ireland). Chisankho sanali mwangozi. Little John Kemmilus ndi mdzukulu wa Yosefe Ghosn, amene nawonso anali bwenzi la William Yates ndipo anali wolemba mbiri yake. Joseph ndi mkazi wake anakakamizika kubweretsa ena asanu ndi adzukulu, napangana naye kumpatsa kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa mmodzi wa iwo, kuti mwanjira moyo mosavuta. Kemmilus anali m'bale mapasa, koma, ngakhale, Pamela ankafuna kuti atenge iye yekha.

Pambuyo kulembetsa zolembedwa zonse, John anayamba kunyamula dzina Kemmilus Travers Ghosn. Pamela akubisa choonadi mwana wake, koma iye chinayandama kunja, pamene iye anakomana mu London bala lake amapasa Anthony. Achinyamata anali zaka ziwiri.

Kemmilus anamwalira mu 2011.

mfundo zosangalatsa

1. P. L. Trevers anamwalira mu 1996, sanakhale moyo miyezi ingapo pamaso 97 kubadwa kwake.
2. Wolemba ndi mkulu wa Order wa Ufumu wa Britain.