Pole North: kumpoto kwenikweni nsonga ya dziko

Kumpoto kwenikweni kufika m'dziko - mmodzi wa malo osachepera kufufuza padziko lathuli. Nyengo nkhanza wakhala chimtolo mu phunziro m'derali. Kwa zaka zingapo, maulendo osiyanasiyana kugonjetsa Pole North, koma osati nthawi zonse, ulendo inatha bwinobwino. Anthu ena kuphunzira Madzi oundana mtengo thanzi ndiponso moyo. M'nkhaniyi, timayesa kumvetsa zimene zinsinsi amasunga mpaka kumpoto kwenikweni kwa dzikoli.

Kodi kwenikweni ndi North Pole?

Ngati tiyandikira nkhani ku mfundo za sayansi view, ndi Dziwani kuti pali mitundu 4 zake:

• The geomagnetic. Ndi apo, kumene maginito olamulira a dziko lapansi.
• Pole wa Inaccessibility. mfundo ili mu ozizira, ayezi lokutidwa nyanja, ndi kudutsa bolodi akutali kwambiri padziko lapansi.
• Maginito. Iye ananena kuti kampasi singano.
• Geographic. malo lolunjika pa olamulira dera limene dziko.

North Pole ali ndondomeko - 90 ° ^N, koma kutalika palibe, kuyambira zonse mizere converge pakati pa mzati.

The Pole South lili ndi ku Antarctica, 98% ya yomwe imachitika pansi ndi ayezi. Kumpoto kwenikweni mfundo za padziko lathuli m'katikati mwa Ocean Arctic. Dera limeneli imatchedwanso kozizira, ndi kuwonjezera madzi nyanja, kumaphatikizapo kumtunda kwa Russia, Canada ndi United States. Ku Arctic komanso ndi maiko monga Iceland, Finland, Norway ndi Sweden.

Wapakati kuwerenga pachaka kutentha

Mfundo kumpoto kwa dziko lathu si ozizira. pafupifupi pachaka kutentha m'dera lino m'nyengo yozizira ndi ^za -43, ndi m'chilimwe - kusungidwa pa kuzungulira ⁰ ° Celsius.

Malo ozizira pa dziko - MUTI South. M'nyengo yozizira, ambiri kutentha chizindikiro ndi wofanana ndi madigiri 58 pansi pa ziro. Tsiku yotentha analembedwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo, mu 2011, ndi kuwerenga thermometer anali pa kuzungulira ^-12.

Kufotokoza chifukwa chake Pole North ndi yozizira, ndithu chabe. Mfundo yakuti Antarctica - kontinenti imene limatuluka pamwamba pa nyanja ndi oposa 2 Km. Unyinji mpweya ndi wozizira bwino kuposa pa North Pole, ndipo madzi nyanja mozungulira Africa sangathe kutenthetsa dera lalikulu.

Mu kutentha kozizira kungachepetsedwe ndi Ocean Arctic Koma ayezi pankhani zimenezi yochenjera kwambiri kuposa Pole South.

Cape Chelyuskin Cape ndi Fligely

Kumpoto kwenikweni nsonga ya Russia - Cape Chelyuskin, limene lili pa Taimyr Peninsula, ali ndondomeko ^{77. 43 \} N

Mu 1742, nthawi yoyamba malo awa anapita ndi ulendo, amene anali mtsogoleri wa SI Chelyuskin. Poyamba iye ankatchedwa Cape East-North. Renaming chinachitika mu 1842. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali chidwi tsiku - zaka 100 chikumbutso cha ulendo wa. Cape dzina lake polemekeza kwambiri Russian Arctic wofufuza ndi kuyenda panyanja Umuna Chelyuskin.

nyengo pa Taimyr Peninsula kwambiri ndithu. Chaka chonse, yozizira akulamulira kuno. Ngakhale mu miyezi yotentha ndi July ndi August chizindikiro kutentha sasefukira pamwamba mlingo wa 1 ^° C

Komabe, Cape Chelyuskin - ichi ndi muyeso kumpoto kufika Russia kumtunda. Pali Rudolf Island, m'manja mwa Russian Federation, limene lili makilomita 900 monga ku North Pole. Iye mpaka akudzitcha kuti mfundo kumpoto kwenikweni kwa Russia. Chilumba chili m'gulu la zilumba za Frantsa Iosifa Land. Iwo kwathunthu womangidwa ndi ayezi, ndi malo a 297 Km ^2. Nsonga kumpoto kwa chilumbachi - Cape outbuilding ali ndondomeko ^{81 49 \} N

Anthu amene anagonjetsa North Pole

Kuyambira chiyambi cha XVIII m'ma kumpoto mfundo za padziko lapansi, anachititsa chidwi chachikulu pakati amalinyero. Iwo anali pa nthawi iyi anali bungwe maulendo ambiri umalimbana kuphunzira Arctic. Munthu oyamba kufika ku North Pole anali Robert Piri (American wapaulendo). Iwo ankanena mutu wa kafukufuku wina ku United States - Frederik Kuk, koma Robert kwathunthu anatsutsa zonena zake.

Mu 1926, ndege yoyamba inali ikuchitika. Apaulendo ku Norway Amundsen ndi Nobile anawoloka Madzi oundana direzhable.

Mu April 1978, Japan ndi Naomi Uemura nzika, anapanga ulendo umodzi wa North Pole. Iye anagonjetsa 725 Km, kusunthira mothandizidwa ndi magulu galu. Ulendowo unatenga masiku 57.

Masewerera a Ski ulendo lotsogoleredwa ndi wotchedwa Dmitry Shparo unachitika mu May 1979 Kwa masiku 77, ophunzira anagonjetsa 1500 Km.