PVC - ndichiyani? PVC luso kupanga ndi ntchito

Ngati inu kusankha kugwiritsa ntchito yomanga kapena kukonza PVC, ndikofunika kudziwa musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala. Nkhanizi ndi kupanga thermoplastic mawonekedwe.

makhalidwe a PVC

Mu zikhalidwe fakitale zinabala mitundu iwiri PVC, yoyamba ndi plasticized, pamene lachiwiri - unplasticized. Zikatero, ndi plasticizer ntchito. Kunja, PVC ali maonekedwe a ufa woyera umene uli odorless. Iwo ali apamwamba ndi mphamvu katundu wa dielectricity lapansi. Ngati mwaganiza kugula PVC, kodi m'pofunika kuphunzira. Ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi alkalis, mafuta mchere, zidulo, ndi insoluble m'madzi. Imalimbikitsa yanyumba ndi kutupa ketones, esters, ndi chimasanduka onunkhira chlorinated. Zofunika chimapirira makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndipo pafupifupi Kodi kupsereza. Polyvinyl mankhwala enaake ali si chidwi kwambiri kutentha makhalidwe kugonjetsedwa atadziŵa kutentha madigiri 100 zimayamba kuwola ndinso. Pofuna kukwaniritsa kutentha kukana ndi kusintha khalidwe la solubility wa PVC poyera kuti chlorination.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito

Lero, ndithu anapeza ambiri PVC. Kodi izo aliyense ayenera kudziwa handyman ndi katswiri mu munda wa zomangamanga. Nkhanizi ntchito mankhwala, m'malo galasi ndi rabala. Choncho, ife anatha kupeza zinthu kamodzi. Chifukwa mankhwala bata ake ndi inertia, PVC chapeza kutchuka mkulu m'dera anati. Zamgululi ku izo osiyanasiyana ndipo mosavuta chopangidwa ndi, ndipo ndi otsika mtengo kuposa zipangizo kale ntchito.

PVC ntchito makampani kayendedwe. Izo ntchito kupanga mapanelo chitseko, armrests, komanso chilengedwe cha kutchinjiriza chingwe. Ndendende chifukwa cha galimoto anayamba nacho yaitali ya moyo, amene kuchuluka poyerekeza ndi kanjedza yapita kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. njira imeneyi kuwonjezera chitetezo zoyendera, ndi PVC anakhoza kulenga airbags ndi mapanelo zodzitetezera okhoza kuteteza okwera ku kuvulala mu nkhani ya ngozi.

Kukonza ndi kumanga

Poganizira polyvinyl mankhwala enaake kuti n'zotheka kuphunzira kwa nkhani ino. Nkhanizi ntchito lero mu view kamangidwe. kuthekera amenewa anaonekera zikomo chakuti zamakono limakupatsani kulenga PVC mankhwala a mawonekedwe aliwonse. Motero, n'zotheka kulenga zinthu mkati. Nthawi zambiri, polima izi angapezeke mu nyumbayi. Amalima kuvala zosagwira, osasinthika opepuka mankhwala mwangwiro kupirira dzimbiri ndi zotsatira mankhwala. Chotero kutchuka mkulu wa zomangamanga ndi chifukwa moto chitetezo chuma n'zovuta azinyadira ndi mabasi moto ndi kusunga pamene kuchotsa kutentha gwero. N'chifukwa chake mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zinthu, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa chitetezo kuchuluka moto. PVC nkhani yodziwika kwake, pa 75 peresenti ya machubu omwe adalenga kuchokera mmenemo kuonetsa ntchito yofunika zaka zoposa 40.

luso yopanga

Kukonzekera polyvinyl mankhwala enaake kwakukulu polymerization ikuchitika ndi zopangira, amene amachita monga mankhwala enaake vinilu. Ambiri ntchito makampani anali ndondomeko slurry, ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti lili ntchito yapamwamba. Chotero polymerization ndi imagwiridwa mu dongosolo nthawi. Vinilu enaake, amene ali ndi kuchuluka kwa 0,02 - 0,05 peresenti mu sing'anga amadzimadzi ntchito monga chigawo chachikulu. The feedstock okonzeka ndi usavutike madigiri 65, kenako pansi kukhudza ofanana kupeza mankhwala homogeneous. The polymerization chikuchitika mu m'malovu a mankhwala enaake vinilu. Pomaliza, sankatha kupeza microgranules porous. Kupanga makina kwathunthu, pamene polymerization wa ikuchitika mathanki amene buku amkulira 200 kiyubiki mamita. Nditamaliza wa polymerization mlingo wa mankhwala enaake vinilu, amene anachitira nthawi iyi, mpaka 90 peresenti. Zinthu zimene sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito amachotsedwa, pamene PVC ndi sieved ndi zouma ndi mpweya otentha. Pambuyo pake amapezeka ma CD. PVC, katundu amene akhala tafotokozazi, sitepe wotsiriza n'kukhala zapamadzi vinilu kapena pawiri pulasitiki.

The mankhwala komaliza PVC

PVC zinthu zikhoza kusinthidwa n'kukhala zapamadzi vinilu. Iye ndi mankhwala zovuta. Yodziwika ndi mkulu mphamvu mawotchi, kugonjetsedwa ndi kuukira mankhwala ndi madzi. Mwa zolakwa akhoza kuzindikiridwa zimakhudza mphamvu osauka, osauka chisanu kukana ndi pang'ono opaleshoni pakhomo. Pankhani stiffener, ndi zofewa zakudya ndi elasticity kwambiri. Iwo yodziwika ndi kukana madzi ndi kukana mafuta. Akukumana zimakhudza kwambiri mankhwala osiyanasiyana organic.

Pomaliza

PVC, mipope imene amapangidwa lero, wayima monga mmodzi wa zipangizo ambiri kuphatikizapo mapulasitiki. World yopanga ndi 17 peresenti ya linanena bungwe okwana katundu pulasitiki, ndi tithe wachitatu mwa ma polima lapansi. Zamgululi zopangidwa PVC, anapeza Mavalidwewa kumabungwe ambiri a zachuma, mafakitale, kukonza lolemera, mankhwala ndi ulimi. Masiku ano, pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse okonzeka ndi mazenera pulasitiki, komanso mankhwala ntchito pa maziko a nkhaniyo anafotokoza. Ndi ambiri limasonyeza kwambiri Mkhalidwe makhalidwe zakuthupi pamwamba umene uli mphamvu yapamwamba, kukana kuti kuwonongeka kunja ndi zotsatira za chikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.