Representativeness ya chitsanzo

Vyborka- imeneyi ya deta anatengedwa ndi ndondomeko yoyenera ya anthu yoganizira kafukufuku. Representativeness - izi chuma kubwezeretsa ulaliki wa lonse la ziwalo. Pa wina, ndi kuthekera kufalitsa lingaliro la lonse, gawo zimenezi zimaphatikizapo.

Representativeness wa nyemba - muyeso, chomwe chakuti chitsanzo zizionetsa kuchotsedwa zizindikiro kwathunthu ndi molondola, amene gawo. Angagwiritsidwenso limanenedwa ngati chuma cha chitsanzo kwathunthu kwambiri kuimira makhalidwe a anthu, kwambiri pa maganizo a zolinga za kafukufuku.

Kuganiza kuti ambiri anthu - onse ana a sukulu (anthu 900 kuchokera makalasi 30, ophunzira 30 aliyense kalasi). Chinthu kuphunzira - chiŵerengero cha ophunzira kusuta. Achikhalire chitsanzo ongokhala 90 ophunzira okha sekondale, kuli mphatsoyo lonse kuposa chitsanzo cha ophunzira 90 yemweyo, amene anaphatikizapo lililonse kalasi 3 wophunzira. chifukwa chachikulu - kufalitsidwa wosiyana wa mibadwo. Motero, vuto loyamba la representativeness wa nyemba adzakhala otsika. Pankhani chachiwiri - mkulu.

Mu Chaanthu, ananena kuti pali representativeness wa nyemba ndi representativeness ake.

Mwachitsanzo, ndi mayiko chitsanzo kungachititse nkhani yakale, komwe kunachitika mu 1936 mu United States pa chisankho cha Pulezident.

Magazine "Literari Digest", imene ili bwinobwino kwambiri ananeneratu zotsatira za chisankho yapita, nthawi imeneyi analakwitsa Zoneneratu awo, ngakhale anatumiza mafunso olembedwa olembetsa miliyoni angapo, komanso kafukufukuyu osankhidwa buku foni ndipo analemba galimoto kulembetsa. Mu voti yachinayi, zimene abwerera odzazidwa, Kuvota anali motere: 57% kutsogoleredwa ndi phungu Republican Alf Landon woyitanidwa, ndi 41% anafotokoza ubwino pulezidenti nkoyenera - Democrat Franklin Roosevelt.

Ndipotu, kusankha kulamulidwa ndi Roosevelt, amene yagoletsa pafupifupi 60% ya mavoti onse. Cholakwika "Literari Digest" anali pafupi. Iwo ankafuna kuonjezera representativeness la chitsanzo. Ndipo popeza ankadziwa kuti ambiri olembetsa awo azisonyeza kuti Republican, iwo anaganiza kukuza chitsanzo chifukwa anayankha, kusankha kwawo mabuku foni ndi mndandanda galimoto kulembetsa. Koma kuganizira mavuto alipo ndipo zinachitikadi kutali mbali zambiri za Republican, chifukwa pamene Wamkulu Depression magalimoto ndi mafoni sangakonde kalasi pakati ndi chapamwamba. Ndipo izi munkakhala Republican, osati Democrats.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsanzo zosankhidwazi: yosavuta mwachisawawa, siriyo, lililonse lopangidwa ndi pamodzi.

Zambiri mwachisawawa zitsanzo zosankhidwazi ndi kusankha kwa kuika lonse mayunitsi pansi kuphunzira mwachisawawa popanda dongosolo lililonse.

Mawotchi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi ntchito pamene anthu mu anatilamula Mwachitsanzo, pali ndondomeko zina mayunitsi (manambala chonse cha ogwira ntchito, mndandanda visankho, manambala a manambala kafukufukuyu foni nyumba ndi nyumba, etc.).

A kusankha mmene ntchito pamene kuika lonse zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu ndi mtundu. Pamene ntchito anthu amenewa Mwachitsanzo, maphunziro, msinkhu, magulu chitukuko, mu phunziro amakampani - nthambi kapena bungwe osiyana ndi ena.

Siriyo kusankha lipindulitsa pamene mayunitsi ndi amaphatikizidwa mu nkhani yaing'ono kapena gulu. Zino akhoza kukhala mtanda wa mankhwala Kwatha, makalasi sukulu, magulu ntchito ndi magulu ena.

Tikaphatikiza chitsanzo zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse m'mbuyomu zitsanzo osakaniza mosiyanasiyana.