Reviews m'buku la "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita" (Mikhail Bulgakov)

"Master ndi Margarita" - mwaluso kuti wasiya palibe aliyense osayanjanitsika. Wina kugwa m'chikondi ndi buku mu akangowerenga koyamba; Pontho munthu anakukwatira zaka kumvetsa buku ili; pamene zinthu zina chakukhosi "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita." Reviews m'buku lakuti, owerenga ndi osiyana kwambiri. Komabe, iwo onse pamodzi amavomereza kuti Roma Bulgakova - ndi osabvunda mwaluso.

A pang'ono za Master Mikhail Bulgakov

Mlengi lodziwika bwino la "The Master ndi Margarita" amadziwika, ndithudi, monga namatetule kuti sizinamulepheretse kukhala mwamuna ndi zolakwa zake. Mihailu Afanasevichu Bulgakovu mwayi woti moyo mu m'badwo yodabwitsa. Pa dzanja limodzi - nkhondo yapachiweniweni, kusintha kwa maganizo a lonse dziko, kupondereza, chiwonongeko ndi umphawi. Ndi pa zina - mofulumira kukula mabuku, kupambana mitundu yatsopano, zatsopano molimba mtima ndi kutanthauzira mwadzidzidzi wosatha.

Monga mbadwa ya banja la bwino zachipatala Bulgakov kuyambira ubwana ndi moyo, osati Kuchepetsa okha. Pachifukwa ichi, anakhala dokotala - ankafuna kuti apange ndalama. Komabe, ulimi wa 1917 chinasokoneza ulendo wake wofuna. Pezani yabwino kulipira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali iye sakanakhoza. Wosimidwa, Bulgakov anakhala morphine osokoneza. Iye ali ndi vuto lalikulu anamuchotsa zizolowezi zimenezi. Pofuna kugonjetsa mayesero kuti bwereza kuwombera wa morphine, Bulgakov anayamba kulemba zimene kalekale ndinkafuna.

Talente wa dotolo wamng'ono posachedwa posakhalitsa ndinazindikira. Ndipo Bulgakov anasamukira ku Moscow kumenya pafupi ndi likulu la moyo mabuku a dziko. Komabe, kuti akhale wotchuka, pamene kunali koyenera kuposa ntchito ya namatetule - kunali koyenera kuti kulumikiza. Ndipo kuti apange iwo, kunali kofunika kuti zonse kulankhula ndi akonzi ndi ofalitsa. Kuno zingati ndalama zambiri. Ndipo kuti adzawapatse kasinthasintha mabwalo lamanja, wolemba ntchito pa zonse banja zikutanthauza atagona zodzikongoletsera nthawi zambiri akazi. Komanso anali kubisalira pamaso onse a mkazi wake - Tatyana Lappa, kubera pa iye, ndipo nthawi yomweyo banja yasiyidwa kwa zotsatira zawo popanda ntchito ndi ndalama.

Posachedwapa wolemba aspiring anakwatira Luba Belozerskaya, omwe anakhala mlembi wake ndi imasonkhezera. Pa "Kuthamanga" kusewera zochokera kukumbukira iye moyo mu ukapolo kwalembedwa. Nayenso anali ndi njira ina atchule Margarita. Kuti mkazi uyu chinathandiza kulengedwa kwa "Masiku a Turbin," "The White Alonda" ndi "Mtima wa galu."

Koma iye anakumana ndi mkazi Helen Shilovskaya wotchuka mtsogoleri, Mikhail Bulgakov anataya mutu wake, ndipo pambuyo buku yaitali kupulumutsidwa kwa mwamuna wake. Ndi wolemba uyu wamkazi thandizo pa zaka zomalizira za moyo wake. Ndipo pambuyo pa imfa yake anapangidwa kwa otsiriza lofalitsidwa buku, amene Bulgakov analemba - ". The Master ndi Margarita" Reviews wa buku pambuyo kufalitsidwa anali wachangu kwambiri. Osati ntchito osachepera mu izi ankaimba yaitali kuletsa mankhwala amene anapanga buku chotchuka kwambiri.

Chiyambi cha buku la

Anthu ena otsutsa mabuku otchedwa ntchito imeneyi "Faust XX atumwi.". Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa Bulgakov ndikusinthidwa kuti mbali zambiri mwaluso Goethe a. Baibulo limatchula koyamba ndi epigraph wa buku "... Kotero inu muli, mulimonse? Ine ndine gawo la mphamvu lomwe muyaya wamfuna zoipa muyaya ntchito zabwino. " Koyamba kwa Woland iye wagwira mzimbe ndi mutu wa poodle, monga kogwirira kozungulira ndi (Mephistopheles, Faust ulendo wake m'nyumba mwa mawonekedwe a wakuda galu). Komanso anatenga kuchokera ntchito za Goethe, dzina la protagonist wa - Margarita. Tawona kuti "Faust" ndi nkhani ya Frida ndi zopotola mwana wake wapathengo. Choncho anachita Margaret, napatsa kubadwa kwa mwana ndi Faust.

Zomwe zinachitika ndi mutu wa Berlioz pa mpira pa Woland - mawu onena kuti zongopeka otchuka Roma Belyaeva "Professor Dowell Mutu". Berlioz ndi kukambirana opanda pokhala ndi Satana mfundozo ambiri ndi kalembedwe amatikumbutsa buku Ehrenburg "Waukulu Zopatsa Chidwi Hulio Hurenito" (1922). mafotokozedwe Caustic a moyo ndi miyambo ya anthu wamba pafupi ndi satires Zoshchenko ndi buku "The Golden Ng'ombe" ndi Ilf ndi Petrov (Makanema "Rookery"). Mwazina, chikondi mzere "Master ndi Margarita" amanena mwachindunji kwa moyo patokha Bulgakov. Ngakhale kulemba bukuli, mobisa anakomana ndi Elena Shilovskaya kuti yaitali sanayese n'komwe kusiya mwamuna wake chifukwa cha ana.

Storylines

"Master ndi Margarita" amatchedwa buku mu buku, monga zochitika panopa ali kolowera ntchito za Pontiyo Pilato. Buku bwino ndi storylines angapo. Izi makamaka chikondi nkhani ya The Master ndi Margarita. Amathamanga ikufanana nkhani Pontiyo Pilato ndi mneneri oyendayenda Yesu Ha-. The yofunika ankaimba ndi mbiri ya zamoyo wa Ivan opanda pokhala, lomwe ndi mlengi wa ndakatulo otsika kalasi propaganda kwasanduka wasayansi lalikulu.

Monga tikudziwa, Bulgakov anali pa ubwenzi amakhumudwa kwambiri ndi olemba ena, ofalitsa ndi akonzi. Chifukwa cha kukondera, dyera, osati wa nzeru ndi maganizo chabe a ambiri a iwo, Mikhail Afanasievich Nthawi zambiri kuwerama kuti tikwaniritse buku la ntchito zake. Nthawiyi, ambiri a ntchito zake zinali osati waluntha, komanso zogwirizana ndi nthawi yake. Apa basi zokonda za munthu kawirikawiri anapatsidwa kwa mediocrity-careerists. Pachifukwa ichi, kutinyoza Massolit mu "Master ndi Margarita" wapatsidwa malo apadera.

Chimango ndipo nthawi yomweyo kugwirizana chachikulu storylines onse Woland ndi ankatumikira wake. Iwo anachotsedwa mu stupor la ngwazi ndi kuwakakamiza kuchita. udindo wawo buku la kuthamanga epigraph ndi pang'onopang'ono amatsogolera wowerenga kuganiza kuti m'dziko zabyvshem Mulungu, udindo wa zabwino ndi chilungamo chiyenera kuchitika pa Satana ndi ziwanda zake.

Nkhani ya "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita"

Mu buku lino, kuti anaukitsa mafunso ambiri "wosatha". Choyamba, chakuti munthu mu mphamvu apamwamba. Kotero, pachiyambi cha buku la, Berlioz ndi mnzake molimba mtima kudzitama iwo sakhulupirira Mulungu ndi okha kulamulira tsogolo lawo. zochitika wotsatira anawatsimikizira Bodza la chiweruzo. Komanso mu mankhwala mipata yokwanira khama ubale pakati pa ndalama ndi anthu ammudzi. Choncho, kulenga mkulu kalasi, malinga ndi wolemba, inde zofunika chuma ndiponso ufulu kusankha nkhani.

Anthu masiku ano Mihailu Afanasevichu olemba malinga mitu, ndipo ndi nkhani kuti kufufuza mosamala mabuku awo. Dziwani kuti, monga otsutsa ambiri, Bulgakov pa nkhani likutsutsa yekha. Kwa ambiri a katswiri wake analemba limodzi, mu intervals pakati pa ntchito yaikulu. Vuto lina la buku ili ineradicable tikumupachikaso umunthu. Mwachitsanzo, scammers ndi nsanje pano mu Moscow, ndi Yershalaim akale. Iwo ankavala mosiyana, ali ndi zolinga zosiyana ndi njira ya moyo, koma zamaganizo sanasinthe zaka zambiri.

Reviews m'buku la "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita": Makhalidwe waukulu mwa maso a owerenga

Ngati otsutsa makamaka kwambiri ndi, owerenga ndi maganizo osiyana a zilembo za buku la. The maganizo kwambiri ndi khalidwe mfiti. Ena amasirira iye monga namatetule, kuti kuuluka pamwamba moyo ndi kukwiya ndi zinthu zazing'ono za dziko ano. Ena anamutcha wanzeru, koma wodzikonda. Choncho kulemera, iye sanafune kuthandiza ena, ndipo amathera lonse. ngwazi wake Margaret amaona ngati imasonkhezera, osati ngati munthu weniweni. Iye amakonda ake, koma alibe nkhawa tsoka lake. Kukhala mu chipatala, Ambuye ali pachangu palibe kugonjera nkhani nokha, pamene iye amakhala openga ku suspense.

Ena ndemanga za buku lotchedwa "The Master ndi Margarita" zotsutsana ndi Master ndi ndakatulo opanda pokhala. Choncho, poyamba, ndithudi, wanzeru, koma olemba anzawo amatanthauza kudzikuza popanda kuwerenga mzere umodzi wa ndakatulo opanda pokhala, Master zimapangitsa ndakatulo mu mkhalidwe misala manyazi ntchito zawo. Pankhaniyi owerenga alibe mwayi kuyerekeza zolengedwa awiri a olemba ndi kusankha ufulu Master.

Kuyambira pomwe bukhu la buku la, Margarita nthawizonse ali ndi uthenga wabwino kwa owerenga. Monga zinachitika khalidwe waukulu anatenga Helen Shilovskaya, Mikhail Bulgakov ( "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita"). Reviews m'buku lakuti, ena otsutsa mabuku amanena kuti khalidwe palinso mbali ya awiri oyambirira wolemba wamkazi. The mbali yaikulu - mkazi m'chikondi amene anakhala mfiti kwa tapered ndi nawo coven Satana.

Owerenga moyenerera taonera kupanda ungwiro kwa chithunzi ichi. Choncho, Shilovskaya yaitali anasiyana ndi mwamuna wake chifukwa cha ana. Koma Bulgakov anapanga heroine wake wopanda mwana. Choncho sizikumveka chake, m'chikondi yaikulu chotero, iye anakhala ndi mwamuna wake kwa nthawi yaitali. omvetsera akukhulupirira izo Margarita - kuwerengetsa narcissistic mdzakazi, mwa kunyong'onyeka zavedshaya chibwenzi. Akatswiri ena, kulemba ndemanga za buku lotchedwa "The Master ndi Margarita" amakhulupirira kuti khalidwe waukulu - mtundu wa Faust Bulgakov. Pajatu kwenikweni anagulitsa moyo wake chifukwa cha kufunafuna cholinga m'moyo - Ambuye.

Reviews m'buku la "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita": "Uthenga wa Woland," ndi chifanizo cha Mpulumutsi

Mmodzi wa anthu otchulidwa chidwi kwambiri pa buku la - Voland. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, dzina amachokera yemweyo "Faust." Iye anabwera Moscow kuyang'ana anthu a amadzinenera kuti moyo wopanda Mulungu. Pankhaniyi, mdierekezi ndi ziwanda zake-ogwira ali mfulu ndi wolemekezeka kuposa ambiri a mumzindawo likulu a. owerenga ambiri ndemanga za buku lotchedwa "The Master ndi Margarita", wotchedwa ntchito zolembedwa "Uthenga Wabwino wa Satana." Choncho, Voland anati kulibe Mulungu olemba awiri buku la mbiri ya Khristu. Mu ulaliki wake wa Yesu amphamvu, koma Mulungu wachifundo inasanduka kuyendayenda nzeru zapamwamba, osati amadziwa wa mphamvu yake.

M'buku lonseli Mephistopheles Bulgakov zambiri akunena mawu mangled malangizo a Khristu. Mwachitsanzo, kumbukirani mawu a Satana kuti: "Kodi si mudzapempha kanthu! Kodi kanthu, makamaka amene ali wamphamvu kuposa inu. Okha nidzipereka onse chifuniro! ". Ganizo wotchuka - zosiyana chenicheni cha zimene zanenedwa ndi Yesu: "Pemphani ndipo chidzapatsidwa kwa inu; funani, ndipo mudzapeza; kugogoda, ndi adzamtsegulira kwa inu ... ".

Chikondi ntchito

Anthu ambiri amene kuwerenga ntchito Bulgakov, kuzitcha izo nyimbo ya chikondi chopanda malire, kusiya ndemanga za bukhu. "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita" - buku zakukhosi, lowala, wamphamvu, mokhudza, koma zachilendo. Aliyense a m'nkhaniyi kukonda, koma m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Luso chikondi, Marguerite mu mtima wake anapatsidwa malo Muses, monga ena otsutsa.

Pa nthawi yomweyo mkazi wokonda wake - izi ndi tanthauzo la kukhalapo. Master lingathandize mu achibadwidwe chake matalala akuchikazi. Iye amakonda malila, kusamalira ndi kulimbana kwa izo. Pokhala kuti ndakatulo amene ali mu chipatala, komanso amakhala imasonkhezera Margarita. Zinali iye kulota kwa zaka zambiri.

Image moyo Soviet mu buku la

Nyumba mavuto nthawizonse zakhala ziri zogwirizana. Komabe, apeza lonse mantha mu nthawi ya kulemba buku. mfundo ndi yakuti pambuyo ulimi kufufuza ntchito mu Moscow kukumana pamodzi wamba opanda minda, ogwira ntchito ndi anthu a kudzinenera aluntha. Komabe, likulu la USSR kuliphunzitsa sanali okwanira anthu onse. Choncho danga moyo unali pa yambiri. Ndipo yomweyo anapita ku zotsatira lamulo umene nzika mlandu analandidwa malo moyo, chidzudzulo a oyandikana nawo chifukwa cha kupeza zipinda zawo wamba ndithu.

Bulgakov Izi sanalephere kutchula pa ntchito yake. Choncho "bwenzi" mfiti - Aloysius Magarych kulanda malawi wake, analemba chidzudzulo. Komanso Voland, Muscovites kuonera zisudzo, ananena kuti vuto ndi nyumba ali ndithu mukopedwe iwo. Mwa miyala ina m'madzi a moyo Soviet, anafotokozedwa ndi Bulgakov anali akuluakulu wamwano, ambiri mwamwano ziphuphu, kusowa chakudya, zovala zabwinobwino ndi zina zambiri.

chidwi mfundo

Za buku Bulgakov tingaupeze mfundo zambiri zochititsa chidwi:

• Voland ndi anzake onse anali ena zolakwa maonekedwe. Iwo amanena kuti amakhulupirira kuti angelo onse ali ndi matenda wangwiro, ndipo ziwanda - anavulala monga chizindikiro cha ukapolo.
• The mbali yaikulu anali mwina linalembedwa ndi Bulgakov yekha, mwina anavala maonekedwe a N. V. Gogolya. Chifukwa cha kutchula yamasika mu buku la zikumveka mawu kuwonongeka inalembedwa.
• Baibulo choyambirira ankatchedwa ngwazi si waluso ndi ndakatulo.
• Ngakhale zinthu zambiri Margarita zimenezi ndi mkazi wachitatu wa Bulgakov, wina mwa akazi ake kenako n'kumanena kuti anali amasonyezera pa buku lake Bulgakov.
• A wachibale wa khalidwe chachikulu, chimene iye umanena pa mpirawo - mwina Margarita Navarrskaya (Koroleva Margo), kapena Marguerite de A Valois.

Last Roma Bulgakova anasiya mafunso kuposa mayankho. Koma masiku ano, chifukwa Intaneti, wowerenga aliyense akhoza kuyesera kuti ndiwayankhe iwo nokha. Mu maonekedwe ambiri odzipereka kuti buku la, aliyense akhoza kusiya ndemanga za buku lotchedwa "The Master ndi Margarita", alembe nkhani, mubwereze kapena ndakatulo.