Russian Space Art. malingaliro Russian cosmism

Tsogolo la anthu ... mutu uwu wakhala amaonedwa ndi chidwi chachikulu onse a kum'mawa ndi European nthanthi mwambo. Koma mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 20, ankalimbikitsa ali ankatembenukira kwambiri: anthu sanali kulota za tsogolo wokongola, komanso kuyang'ana njira yabwino kukwaniritsa cholingacho. Ndipo panjira anaonekera funso chachilengedwe: "Kodi n'zotheka tsogolo mfundo" nambala ya zida za nyukiliya ku dziko ndi kuthekera kuwononga chilengedwe salola kuti tibwezere inde. Waukulu kufunika anapeza kuzindikira mavuto timakhala pakati pa mwamuna ndi chikhalidwe, komanso mgwirizano pakati pa anthu. Chifukwa ndi nkhani ya mavuto amenewa, pali miyambo angapo. Space Art nthanthi Russian ndi m`modzi wa iwo. Pa tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

tanthauzo

Dzina "Russian Space Art" inatuluka mu 60s, pamene anthu mofulumira wokondwerera za kufufuza malo ndi akuchonderera pafupifupi aiwala cholowa cha K. E. Tsiolkovskogo. Ndiye analandira osiyanasiyana chikhalidwe Russian mu 19 mochedwa - m'ma 20. nthumwi zake kwambiri anali ndakatulo - Bruce, Tiutchev; nyimbo - Scriabin; kupenta - Nesterov. A malangizo nthanthi unakhazikitsidwa padziko maganizo a K. E. Tsiolkovskogo (amapereka mwa asayansi amenewa kutsogolera monga V. I. Vernadsky ndi A. L. Chizhevsky) ndi ntchito N. F. Fodorova.

Choyamba cosmists nzeru ena anaganizira ziyembekezo pofuna anthu. Kumene, chifukwa njira ya moyo ndi maganizo kalembedwe olemba ndi ntchito zawo ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Koma, ngakhale, iwo akhoza kupeza kwambiri maganizo ofanana kuti zonse ndi kukhala mnzake ndi kupanga lonse azimuth latsopano mu nzeru Russian.

The lingaliro lalikulu

Cosmism Russian woyamba m'Malemba lingaliro la kugwirizana kwa anthu onse, zochokera osati pa zifukwa za ndale ndi maganizo, koma amakhalidwe abwino ndi chilengedwe. Choncho, chinthu chofunika kwambiri anapanga nzeru zaumunthu malangizo - kale atakwatirana pawiri mavuto monga kukhazikitsidwa kwa fraternity konsekonse, chitukuko danga ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.

Directions Russian cosmism

Pali zingapo, koma zochita zazikulu ndi asanu okha. Ena a iwo amene takambirana kale pamwambapa. Ndani timathandiza kuti mndandanda mokwanira:

• Natural-sayansi (Tsiolkovsky, Vernadsky, Chizhevsky).
• Achipembedzo nthanthi (Fedorov).
• Luso ndi ndakatulo (Morozov Sukhovo-Marelin, Bruce, Odoyevski, Tjutchev).
• Esoteric (Roerich).
• Noosphere (Minga, Akimov, Dmitriev).

Pansipa tikukamba za anthu a mbali ziwiri zoyambirira.

kholo cosmism

Cosmism woyambitsa ndi nthumwi yaikulu ndi Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov. Iye sanaphunzire nzeru mwaukadaulo. Fedorov mumapezera chiphunzitso moyo poyamba, ndiyeno ntchito laibulale. ochepa ntchito zake zinatuluka pa moyo wake Nikolai Fedorovich. Koma zokwanira mabuku awa kuti anthu ambiri anzeru ndi olemba anatha amasirira maganizo ake. Makamaka ndemanga zabwino anachokera A. M. Gorkogo, F. M. Dostoevskogo ndi L. N. Tolstogo.

malingaliro ambiri akhala anakonza cosmism Russian Fedorov ntchito zake "The Philosophy ya chifukwa wamba." Iye anakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha disharmony mu ubale wa munthu ndi chikhalidwe lagona mu chisokonezo wa moyo wotsiriza. Ndi chikhalidwe cha zochita zake chikomokere monga gulu lankhanza. Only mphamvu akhoza kudzigonjetsera kudzera chifukwa anthu. Wafilosofi ankakhulupirira kuti "anthu kupanga mu dziko la mogwirizana ndi kuika zinthu kuti pali." Ndi kusanduka ili zachilengedwe kusandulika kwa mowiriza mofuna kuti chikumbumtima ankalamulira.

lamulo ambiri

nzeru Russian, Russian Space Art zikanakhala Sindingachite popanda malingaliro a Fyodorov pa kukhazikitsa lamulo ambiri. M'pofunika kugwirizanitsa kusiyana chikhalidwe ndi munthu. Pa yemweyo psychophysiological lamulo likunenera kulamulira mphamvu wathu wamkati. Kunja inachitikira ku dziko lapansi kuti chilengedwe ndi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zingapo:

1. Meteoric lamulo (chinthu - Dziko Lapansi).
2. Planetary astroregulyatsiya (chinthu - dongosolo dzuwa).
3. Space (chinthu - chilengedwe).

Ndi ndime ya magawo amenewa anthu zidzalumikizana onse nyenyezi zolengedwa alipo. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi Russian Space Art monga azimuth nthanthi zayamba ndendende chifukwa cha mfundo imeneyi. Choncho Nikolai Fedorovich akhoza bwinobwino adzatchedwa wanzeru.

Ngakhale utopianism wa Fedorov maganizo osiyanasiyana, chi Art Space (Russian) amati ambiri mwa maganizo kuyambira wake: projectivity nzeru ndi synthetism, lamulo la moyo ndi madongosolo achilengedwe, wogwirizana kwambiri makhalidwe ndi chidziwitso zopitiriza moyo wa munthu, ndi zina zotero ..

Anayi mfundo Tsiolkovsky

chikoka chidwi pa Art Space nthanthi Russian ali Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky. Iye ankatchedwa Mumaganiza pachiyambi, wolemba nkhani yopeka, ndi mthenga wa Astronautics ndi mphamvu roketi.

Tsiolkovsky ankakhulupirira kuti dziko lathu angafotokozedwe yekha ndi mfundo dziko la view. Dziko tsogolo - ndi danga kufufuza anthu. Zonse za ntchito yathu ayenera kukhala bwino zimene zimachitika pakati pa mlengalenga ndi munthu. Wosamasula ya zinthu zanzeru ku kudalira mawu a malo awo - mmodzi wa ntchito yaikulu chirengedwe. Tsiolkovsky ankaganiza kuti malo kufufuza akhoza kubweretsa anthu pamodzi mu boma yofunika.

Pali mfundo za nthanthi kuti underpin Tsiolkovsky. Russian Space Art iwo amadzinenera. Mfundo zinayi. Tiyeni tikambirane kuti zofunika:

• Panpsihizm (tilinazo kuzindikira chilengedwe).
• Monism (Kupemphera ndi imodzi, ndi katundu muli yemweyo).
• Mfundo osawerengeka (mphamvu ya malingaliro dziko ndi chilengedwe osatha).
• Mfundo wodzilamulira bungwe (chilengedwe yokha amanga dongosolo yake).

noosphere Vernadsky a

malingaliro ambiri akhala anakonza cosmism Russian Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky. Iye sanali kokha zachilengedwe kwambiri, komanso woganiza kwambiri ndipo anayambitsa chiphunzitso cha biosphere ndi kusintha kwake mu noosphere lapansi.

VI Vernadsky, ndipo akuluakulu ena a m'madera monga Russian Space Art, kuti pogwiritsira anthu sayansi muligonjetse chilengedwe ndi kukhala udindo tsogolo yake. Izi zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi chakuti "ntchito sayansi adzakhala chiwonetsero cha Geological ntchito ya munthu, ndipo adzalenga mkhalidwe wapadera wa biosphere ndi zinamuthandiza kukonzekera kusintha mu noosphere lapansi." woganiza adadziwa bwanji kukuza kuchuluka kwa ntchito wololera anthu umalimbana kukhalabe moyo pa dziko monga mbali ya biosphere, ndiyeno danga dzuwa ndi chifukwa kale kupitirira. Malinga Vernadsky, zamoyo kwambiri wakonzera kulowa kwa anthu m'nyengo ya noosphere lapansi. A chikhalidwe chachikulu kusintha - mgwirizano wa chilengedwe kulenga kumapangitsanso chonse umoyo wa anthu.

ntchito dzuwa Chizhevskogo

Russian nzeru, Russian Space Art analandira mphamvu kwambiri chitukuko cha ntchito yabwino ya Aleksandra Leonidovicha Chizhevskogo, imene ikunenedwa chikoka cha ntchito dzuwa pa mbiri ya anthu.

Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti kusokonekera chosintha zinachitika mu nthawi ya ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya dzuwa. zodabwitsazi akubwerezedwa pa intervals wa zaka 11. Nawonso khumi-mkombero imakhala nthawi anayi:

• Osachepera excitability (zaka 3).
• Msinkhu excitability (zaka 2).
• Kukwera pazipita excitability (zaka 3).
• Kutsitsa excitability wa (zaka 3).

Chizhevskogo chiphunzitso za mmene mikuntho dzuwa khalidwe la anthu ena ndi zochitika chikhalidwe ndipo tsopano yogawa kwambiri lonse.

Pomaliza

Choncho, takambirana za Russian Space Art monga azimuth aumunthu. Tikumbukenso kuti munthuyo anatenga mazana a zaka adzapeze maonekedwe wololera, pamodzi ndi kuzindikira amphamvu a moyo wawo wauzimu. Kudutsa savuta siteji dziko, chitukuko anthu anatsegula ingapezeke chidziwitso, kulenga mafakitale latsopano ndi mfundo za sayansi.

Pa gawo masiku ano, Poganizira zakale, anthu wapanga zokha dongosolo bwino ndikupeza zinthu zothandiza kwambiri. Koma, poyamba, ife sanalandire mayankho a mafunso okhudza cholinga cha moyo ndi chithunzi cha chilengedwe padzikoli. Ndipo chifukwa anthu adzakhala nthawi zonse ali ndi chizolowezi kusonyeza, pamenepo padzakhala nthawi zonse kukhala zinsinsi, otgadki lomwe kulibe.