Moyo wosasangalala: ndichiyani? Mfundo za moyo wosasangalala

mtima wake mu mitundu yonse ya ziphunzitso achipembedzo komanso cha nzeru za sali yemweyo. Choncho, ziphunzitso dualistic kuti kuganizira ndi zinthu za thupi monga "m'ndende moyo", austerity anachita monga momwe kuwagonjetsa thupi, ku kumasulidwa ake (makamaka chiphunzitso m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo yachipembedzo monga Manichaeism), pamene Cynics iye kumatanthauza lingaliro la ufulu kwa anthu Mugone zosowa.

Choncho, nkhani tikambirana chinthu monga moyo wosasangalala (kutanthauza maganizo ake, mfundo). Kwenikweni zimakhalira za chigawo ake aumunthu.

Moyo wosasangalala: ndichiyani?

Kuchokera Greek likumasuliridwa kuti "kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi". Izi mfundo za makhalidwe abwino, zomwe amafuna anthu kudzimana, yimitsira wa zikhumbo chibadwidwe, kusiya zilakolako, ubwino kukwaniritsa zina zolinga chikhalidwe ndi makhalidwe kudziletsa ungwiro.

Choncho, tinaphunzira za moyo wosasangalala (zimene), tsopano ndalama kupita ku nkhani yake. Ndi zothandiza kudziwa momwe lingaliro ili chinaoneka Zapakati.

Mbiri ya chiphunzitso cha

Mu chisanadze Marxist ziphunzitso za chikumbumtima cha moyo wosasangalala nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi Epicureanism ndi hedonism. mizu yake kubwerera kwa anthu wosazindikira: zikhalidwe chuma adamfunsa ndi munthu wa mkulu kupirira thupi, luso kupirira zovuta kwambiri kwambiri. cholinga zinaonetsera kufunika miyambo wapadera achipembedzo.

Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi mwambo mwambo anachita kudzipereka kwa achinyamata onse amuna. mwambowu inkakhala kusala kudya nthawi yaitali, kudzipatula, Kutengera mano ndi zinthu zina, cholinga chake chinali zilimbikitsa achinyamata kuganizira za kufunika kusamutsa wa mavuto ndi kulandidwa.

Mfundo za moyo wosasangalala mwa anthu kalasi anapeza malangizo a mtundu wina. Ulendo woyamba wa maziko ake ongolankhula agona mu zipembedzo zakalekale, kapena kani, mu ziphunzitso achipembedzo a Pythagoras ndipo kenako mu Chikhristu. Wokonda moyo wodzimana zilango chinaoneka monga wopita ku ungwiro apamwamba makhalidwe: ndi kugonjetsa mfundo munthu chuma, chitukuko cha chinthu chauzimu ( "kukumananso ndi Mulungu," "wosadandaula kwambiri mukachititsidwa manyazi za thupi"). The tanthauzo zokhudza mfundo imeneyi anali kufalitsa mfundo za kufunika kwa renunciation wathunthu pa zikhumbo zonse za ubwino omwe chosakanikirana ndi magulu akulamulira. Bukuli limalimbikitsa maganizo a austerity, amene wachita chida maganizo kulungamitsa dongosolo kalasi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa maziko ake. Mwachitsanzo, Institute of monasticism chikukhudza austerity atsogoleri (kusakwatira maudindo, kudzichekacheka), kupatulika kampira anapanga kuzungulira iwo ndi kulimbikitsa mfundo antchito kudziletsa misa.

moyo wosasangalala wachipembedzo kudzudzulidwa ndi ideologists wa bourgeoisie chosintha (umunthu). Koma konzanso wa zofuna anthu mu chimango cha mfundo bourgeois amadzipweteka yekha ayi. Pambuyo kulengeza ufulu wa anthu kuti asangalale, ndi anthu ndiye bourgeois sanali kupereka mwayi weniweni ichi, chifukwa cha umphawi, lochitira chikhalidwe, ena.

Kuganizira mfundo ku maganizo a nzeru

Moyo wosasangalala nthanthi - ichi kunyalanyaza dziko chibadwidwe, impairing kukana wake chifukwa cha m'tsogolo, dziko wauzimu. Mu mawonekedwe ophweka, iye akusonyeza Kuchepetsa yimitsira chilakolako zowawa zaufulu, ululu, zochepa.

Ngati tikulingalira milandu yambiri kwambiri, pali kale moyo wosasangalala amafuna kusiya katundu, banja, etc., Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuzikhala patsogolo zauzimu pa zinthu zosatha, dziko changwiro weniweni.

More monzama, lili angapo chifukwa ontological, popeza zachokera zenizeni alipo mu view maganizo a dziko ndi zonse kwa kapangidwe ka ziwalo, ubwenzi wawo. Kukwezedwa abwino kwambiri dziko, chomwe ndi mbali ya akamanena za mfundo imeneyi, kutanthauza kuti kwambiri zikuluzikulu chiyanjo cha mfundo yaikulu ya dziko lino kwenikweni alipo.

Moyo wosasangalala: anthu collectivist ndi dera

Iye amachita monga munthu wa makhalidwe awo chachikulu. Mbali yoyamba, izi anthu akale, wa chikominisi, ndi ena, pamene lachiwiri - tchalitchi, opondereza ndale kapena chipembedzo, asilikali, ndi zina.

Monga mbali ya collectivist magulu moyo wosasangalala chinaoneka monga woyamba zipangizo zofunika kwambiri kuti kupereka kusintha kwa chikhalidwe ndi anthu abwino, tikhoza kunena, "Paradaiso Kumwamba" kapena "m'Paradaiso pa Dziko Lapansi".

zigawo za austerity

Iye ali ndi chuma ndi uzimu. Mbali yoyamba, iye anawadzudzula kapena kukana katundu, banja kapena osachepera depreciation lakuthwa kwambiri udindo wawo, komanso gulu la zofuna anthu pa yokumba ndi zachilengedwe ndi ndikunyoza choyamba.

moyo wosasangalala wauzimu m'gulu kukana ambiri zosoŵa zauzimu ndi ozindikira kapena kukwezedwa umphawi wauzimu, komanso Kuchepetsa nawo zinthu zauzimu aluntha nthawi, ndi kukana ufulu wawo ndale. The malire pakati woyamba ndi wachiwiri chigawo wachibale.

The moyo wosasangalala akale

Iye ankatanthauza nsembe ya zinthu zonse padziko lapansi chifukwa cha apamwamba wakumwamba, kulamulira mawonetseredwe wogwila ndi moyo, komanso kuchepetsa mipherezero pansi, nkhawa asatayike, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa thupi la munthu mu moyo aliyense, kudziletsa mu kuwonetsera kwa moyo wake wapadziko lapansi, yosiyanasiyana ake onse, nfuma luso.

Malinga ndi Augustine, kukopa kwa zosangalatsa za chakudya, vinyo, fungo, kumva, mitundu, akalumikidzidwa, woopsa kwambiri, koma osati onse, koma kokha pamene mapeto palokha, gwero osadalira pa zilakolako. chakuti munthu amalenga manja ake nthawi zonse zokongola, koma mpaka ili mfundo yotsatirayi pa Ambuye wa kukongola abwino. Iye akhapidziwa kuti chidziwitso chabe cha chiyeso ndi woopsa kwambiri kuposa ngakhale thupi kusilira. Nako kukhudza phunziro la dziko ankaona ngati "chilakolako cha maso" mwa chidwi, dyera, kuti "kusintha zovala" mu zovala za nzeru ndi sayansi. Izo zikhoza woterowo ngati imeneyi inathandiza achipembedzo, pamodzi ndi chikhulupiriro.

The peculiarity wa moyo wosasangalala Russian

Mu Russia wakale, iye anali mbali ya onse kupembedza yolembedwa ndi achipembedzo ndi wokonda moyo wodzimana moyo (chiyero, akulu, monasticism, kupusa). Russian moyo wosasangalala yodziwika ndi apachiyambi, amene anasonyeza pakalibe osiyanitsa lakuthwa mwakuthupi ndi mwauzimu, yolembedwa ndi achipembedzo, zikubweretsa kutapa ku dziko, kusiya iwo.

Malinga V. V. Zenkovskogo, iye amapita kuti kunyoza kulikonse kwa thupi, kukana dziko ndi masomphenya owala choonadi unquestionable wakumwamba, kukongola, zomwe, ndi kuwala kwake momveka bwino choonadi umene uli mu dziko, chotero anatiyitanira zonse ufulu womasuka ku ukapolo wa chidziko. maziko ake ndi chinthu chenicheni, osati zoipa, ndiko kuti, austerity - chikutanthauza njira kuyeretsedwa, kusandulika kwa dziko.

mfundo zake lagona pa maziko a kupusa wakale, ntchito za chiyero. Analipo pa nthawi chifanizo cha woyera mtima, mwa kulankhula kwina, "munthu wa Mulungu", anali wosiyana ndi kulemekeza Western Chikhristu ndi miyambo Byzantine wauzimu. The peculiarity wa mtundu Russian lagona mu kuzama kwa mfundo makhalidwe abwino, komanso Kuwulura ndi makhalidwe abwino a Chikhristu, mu nthawi yomweyo, kukhazikitsa zonse za malangizo abwino achikhristu ndipo, ndithudi, ku umodzi organic wa amalingalira pa zinthu zauzimu ndi utumiki anthu ndi dziko. inawo imagwiridwa mwa wodzipereka chikondi. The limaonetseratu ambiri ankaona chintchito wodzipereka. Mtundu wathu wa chiyero si khalidwe la iliyonse moyo wosasangalala kwakukulu kapena zozizwitsa za Suriya, mwambo Aigupto Mkhristu kapena zongoganiza chapamwamba wa Katolika, Greek chiyero. Monga mbali ya wathu wachikhristu Russian woyera nthawi zonse kumaonekera mwa chikondi yogwira ntchito dziko, ndi kudzichepetsa wofatsa, wachifundo.

Pomaliza

Nkhani wakhala anandiuza kuti ali moyo wosasangalala: kuti ali ku maganizo a anthu, mfundo zake ndi malingaliro.