Schwyz mtundu wa ng'ombe: Features, mitengo, ndemanga

Schwyz mtundu ng'ombe amatanthauza nyama ndi zokolola mosalekeza. Iwo ali oyenera kupanga nyama ndi mkaka. The amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira za mtundu wa limakupatsani kawetedwe ziweto zanyama ndi mkaka, mkaka ndi nyama kapena mkaka. mitundu yonse atatu kulola kupeza kuchokera mankhwala a mkulu khalidwe nyama.

nkhani

Brown Schwyz mtundu wa ng'ombe wakhala zimaŵetedwa ku Canton lamapiri la Schwyz ku Switzerland. Nkhani kuyambira anatumikira monga ng'ombe m'dera Aaborijini korotkorogy. Ndi kusankha mosamala ndi lalitali kwambiri pa nambala zizindikiro malonda shvitckogo mtundu ano chinapezeka.

Poyamba, kusankha sanali kokha pa zokolola komanso pa ntchito ya ng'ombe monga nyama zokoka. Pambuyo mechanization zakutchire ntchito obereketsa bwino kuti lolunjika pa kutunga ng'ombe chilengedwe nyama ndi mkaka. zinthu zinasintha ndi kudya. Izi zinathandiza pa nthawi kuonjezera zokolola zawo.

zikuchitika

Mosalekeza ndipo kwambiri zipatso Mitundu m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi anakhala ambiri osati Europe komanso ku America.

Chigawo lachilengedwe chuma kwachititsa kulephereka chizindikiro chake pa nyama Schwyz zimasokoneza. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, kukhazikitsa mipherezeroi enieni bwino za ziweto. Ku America, Schwyz mtundu mkaka. Mmodzi ng'ombe mtundu shvitckoj ndicho American kusankha ambiri amakhala mkaka kwambiri 5000 makilogalamu pa mkaka wa m'mawere, mafuta okhutira ndi zaka 4.5%. Mkulu zokolola Schwyz mtundu anamupatsa kulowa pamwamba asanu yabwino Mitundu mkaka mu North America.

Ku Ulaya, mtundu waukulu wa ziweto - mkaka ndi nyama. Malinga dziko makamaka ali peculiarities yake.

• Germany, Austria - nyama zing'onozing'ono mu otsika-yotsiriza.
• France, Italy - Ng'ombe lalikulu, ali kwambiri moyo kulemera, ali udoyami mkulu ndi yabwino kudya khalidwe.

nyama zimaŵetedwa ku nyama Russian ndi mkaka. Mkulu zokolola za ziweto: ng'ombe kulemera kwa makilogalamu 700 (pafupifupi), ng'ombe - mpaka makilogalamu 1000. Ndi kudzinenepetsa kwambiri kwa miyezi khumi ng'ombe ng'ombe kupeza moyo kulemera kwa makilogalamu 500, mlingo linanena bungwe la nyama - 60%. Mkaka azipeza ng'ombe nyama ndi mkaka kufika 4000 makilogalamu mkaka ndi 3.8% zili mafuta.

mafotokozedwe

Schwyz mtundu ng'ombe ndi motere:

• torso pang'ono anatambasula, oblique kutalika - mpaka masentimita 170, kutalika pa zinafota wa - mpaka masentimita 135;
• fupa chimango amphamvu;
• khosi ndi pang'ono wamfupi, akulu;
• lonse pamphumi lalifupi mutu, malipenga mdima mtundu;
• mmbuyo ndi m'chiuno molunjika;
• miyendo bwino anapereka, wamphamvu, metacarpus - mpaka 20 cm;
• m'mawere kwambiri (70 cm) lonse (mpaka 46 cm), ndi dewlap bwino anayamba;
• udder chikho woboola pakati cylindrical teats, udder index ndi avareji ya 43%;
• kusenda zivute zitani;
• Mwachidule, ubweya odula;
• mtundu kuchokera bulauni kuyatsa imvi, khalidwe Mbali - ndi opepuka tsitsi kukula pa mzere pamwamba pa thupi.

Nyama za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokolola mwina kusiyana ndi maonekedwe. Mu ng'ombe za mkaka-nyama thupi elongated, ili mawonekedwe okhota, musculature ndi bwino anakamba. mtundu nyama ndi mkaka losiyana proportioned ndi bwino anayamba minofu.

mbali

izi oimira mtundu mwamphamvu anatengera makhalidwe zothandiza chuma. Pamene ikuzilala, Kostroma, Carpathian bulauni, Lebedinsky Alatau, Caucasus bulauni mtundu ng'ombe ntchito Schwyz. chachonde, Schwyz (pafupifupi):

• zokolola - 3500 makilogalamu;
• mafuta - 3,7%;
• mlingo mkaka otaya - makilogalamu 1.2 pa yokha;
• Mapuloteni zili - 3.4%;
• moyo ng'ombe kulemera - makilogalamu 900;
• moyo kulemera kwa ng'ombe - 600 makilogalamu;
• ng'ombe pa kulemera kubadwa - makilogalamu 35;
• moyo kulemera phindu pa tsiku - 1 makilogalamu;
• achinyamata kulemera khumi - 250 makilogalamu;
• achinyamata wa khumi kulemera - 350 makilogalamu;
• kupha zokolola - 55%.

Indicators wa zokolola, malingana ndi mtundu wa nyama yosiyaniranapo.

1. Mkaka ndi nyama:

• zokolola - makilogalamu 5000, nthawi zina makilogalamu mpaka 12,000;
• Wamkulu ng'ombe kulemera - 550 makilogalamu;
• Kulemera kwa ng'ombe wamkulu - makilogalamu 900.

2. Nyama ndi mkaka:

• zokolola - 4000 makilogalamu, ena ng'ombe kupereka mkaka kudzipereka kwa makilogalamu 10,000;
• Wamkulu ng'ombe kulemera - makilogalamu 800;
• wamkulu ng'ombe kulemera - 1100 kg.

Ubwino ndi Kuipa

Ngakhale obereketsa, asayansi anadziŵa osati nyama wangwiro kawetedwe ng'ombe. Aliyense ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa, imadalira ndi Schwyz mtundu ng'ombe. Pali ubwino ndi kuipa ndi izo. Feedback anthu amene anachita ng'ombe awa, n'zotheka kuti bwino kudziwa.

ubwino:

• kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda, ali ndi thanzi labwino;
• nyama amasiyana precocity;
• ndi khalidwe chete;
• mwangwiro ndinazolowera zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana nyengo;
• nyama bwino anayamba ntchito ubereki.

Lekeza kutengerapo makhalidwe awo lokhalamo kufungatira amalola lero ntchito nyama zimenezi chifukwa kuswana Mitundu watsopano wa ng'ombe.

Pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zabwino lokhalamo anthu ndi chuma ali ndi zovuta zake. Mmodzi wa waukulu kuganizira kuti ng'ombe Schwyz zimasokoneza ndi wovuta kwambiri pa zinthu m'ndende. Osati mu malo otsiriza, ndi zakudya za nyama.

Monga sangathe kwambiri tinganene kuti anthu ambiri ng'ombe ndi mawonekedwe osasamba wa udder pa, teats rapprochement kolowera kuti salola kuti ntchito makina milking. Komanso pali mavuto makina milking ng'ombe chifukwa mlingo wochepa kwambiri mkaka. Wapakati thanthwe, chithunzi ichi zimasiyanasiyana makilogalamu 1.1-1.3 pa mphindi.

ziyembekezo

Plasticity amalola kusintha mtundu wa nyama, kuwonjezeka zokolola zawo. Khama la obereketsa cholinga kuwonjezera mkaka mlingo otaya, kumakhala kovuta kubweretsa izo osachepera mpaka malita 2 mphindi. Komanso anapitiriza kusankha ng'ombe mwamphamvu anatengera mawonekedwe olondola a udder lapansi.

Reviews akusonyeza kuti kumbuyo ndi zingamuthandize kwambiri Schwyz mtundu ng'ombe. Price pa ng'ombe angafikire $ 1,000. Koma zokolola mkulu ndi kungakupatseni kupeza mbewu mofulumira alipire ndalama pa. Dzanja milking limachititsa kuti kuganizira ena zopindika zotheka kwa udder lapansi.

Mu maganizo a eni ng'ombe, kukoma mkaka ndi mtundu - kwambiri. Amalima tchizi kwambiri. Nyama okha wanzeru ndi bata.

Mkulu zokolola (pamodzi ndi chiyembekezo cha nyama yochepa nthawi) limachititsa shvitckogo ng'ombe woyenera kupikisana ndi Mitundu ina.