Sclerophyllous ndi yobiriwira nkhalango ndi zitsamba: madera, nyama ndi zomera

Sclerophyllous ndi yobiriwira nkhalango ndi zitsamba kukula magulu poyamba chimaoneka m'madera angapo. Izi malo achilengedwe kupangidwa mu zone subtropical akugawana yozizira kuziziritsa ndi madambo ndi zaka - lina. Kuchuluka pachaka madzi mvula pafupifupi 600 mm. Mu nkhalango ali wapadera nthaka - bulauni. Iwo yodziwika ndi wosanjikiza lalikulu humus ndi chonde mkulu chochuluka mpweya.

Chitsanzo zazikulu zikuchokera ndi ntchito biocenoses m'dera subtropical ali mwamphamvu ndi mvula dongosolo. Low kutentha, makamaka otsiriza yaitali, pali pafupifupi palibe.

malo Hrs

Sclerophyllous ndi yobiriwira nkhalango ndi zitsamba kukula pa dera la Africa ku Australia, Gombe Mediterranean, dera la kumadzulo kwa North America, Africa. Zomera za mtundu zikugwirizanirana ndi Sclerophyll. The nkhalango ndi wolemera zikuchokera mitundu, osati zomera komanso zomera. A ambiri nyama ndinazolowera moyo mu zinthu izi.

The chidwi sclerophyllous ndi yobiriwira nkhalango ndi zitsamba? Udindo Hrs anatsimikiza zikuchokera nyama ndi zomera awo. Kumpoto kwa iwo nkhalango za Nyengo. Kuchokera kum'mwera izo likuoneka chipululu chachikulu, udzu ndi otentha m'tchire. Dongosolo limeneli linabweretsa mbali imodzi ya Ufumu nyama imene akufanana ndi kudalirana zomera m'madera oyandikana nawo.

dziko nyama

Sclerophyllous ndi nkhalango yobiriwira ndi zitsamba, nyama, moyo mwa iwo, kupanga topezeka wathunthu. M'nkhalango kwa nyanja ya Mediterranean, amakhala ambiri marmots ndi agologolo pansi. chiwerengero chawo amapereka zambiri mabowo kuti akalipo kulikonse. Zapoizoni amakhala njoka, ndi akamba ndipo zosiyanasiyana abuluzi. A ambiri Orthoptera ndi tizilombo tina. Mwa mbalame amatha kusiyanitsa Slavkov buluu thrush ndi hippolais.

nkhalango Sclerophyllous yobiriwira ndi tchire mu Spanish - nyumba genette ndi tailless macaque. Corsica ndi Sardinia - malo a akalulu zakutchire ndi mbuzi ndi nkhosa yam'tchire. Mwa mbalame kuoneka wakuda muimba, Spanish mpheta ndi phiri nkhuku. Zinyama nkhalango bulugamu Australia yodziwika ndi pang'onopang'ono koalas ake ambiri.

masamba dziko

Sclerophyllous ndi nkhalango yobiriwira ndi zitsamba kukula m'maiko monse, koma ambiri a iwo mu malo Mediterranean ndi pa dziko la Australia. Chimodzi cha zinthu zoipitsitsa kwambiri chidwi nyengo - nyengo ofunda ndi chinyezi sizigwirizana nthawi. Chifukwa ulamuliro ngati m'madera amenewa chogwidwa Sclerophyll ndi zingapo zochititsa chosiyana:

• Mbiya ali ndi khungwa kapena Nkhata Bay.
• Nthambi zomera kuyamba pafupifupi pansi.
• Latissimus korona.
• Ouma masamba amalimbikira kwa zaka zingapo.
• Nthawi zambiri lamina pa mbali m'munsi ndi fluffiness.
• Kufalitsidwa ndi ❖ kuyanika phula.
• Mkulu zili mafuta n'kofunika.
• Nato malowedwe a mizu mu nthaka (mu mitundu osiyana 20 m).

Species zosiyanasiyana ndi lalikulu. Nthawi yaikulu ya kukula kwa zomera mu yophukira ndi kasupe nyengo. Pa nthawi iyi zomera ndi mwachangu pachimake. Nkhalango chowala kwambiri ndi wosanjikiza zapamwamba wa udzu ndi zitsamba. Chogwidwa ndi zomera ndi mababu ndi zikhawo, maluwa yophukira kapena masika.

Sclerophyllous nkhalango yobiriwira ndi zitsamba akhala anapanga mitundu zikuchokera. Chogwidwa ndi Nkhata Bay ndi mwala mitengo. Akuluakulu a Yeremiya kutalika kwa 20 m.

kudula mitengo

M'dera Mediterranean Sea chifukwa cha zotsatira anthropogenic kudula mitengo ndondomeko zimachitika. Chimakhala kwa zaka mazana angapo. Sclerophyllous ndi nkhalango yobiriwira ndi tchire komanso kutha chifukwa kukokoloka, paulimi ndi chiwonongeko nthaka. Chifukwa cha m'dera lino kukula kwa miyala dothi zosafunika kwa zomera.

Madera sizigwiritsidwa ntchito zaulimi wadutsa mu maquis lapansi. Ichi ndi gawo loyamba la kudzitsitsa nkhalango. malo awa kwambiri kudulidwa ndi amadwala moto komwe kumachitika nthawi ya chilimwe chilala. Zimatayidwa maquis m'malo Garigou - tchire otsika ndi udzu xerophily. Pakati pawo kermesovy thundu, kutalika kwake ndi zosaposa 150 cm, koma kupulumuka moto ndi kusinthidwa.