The amadyetsedwa njati? Bialowieza njati: photos, ikulongosola

European njati - lalikulu hoofed nyama zokhudzana ndi maganizo a mtundu wa ng'ombe njati. Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira za nyama mwatsatanetsatane, ndiye kuwerenga nkhani zina. Pali muphunzira zimene njati, ikulongosola za izo, ife kulemba mwatsatanetsatane. Komanso, ife tinena za kumene akukhala ndi zimene amadya.

Njati: kufotokoza

cinyama kulemera kwa tani imodzi, kutalika - mamita atatu. Kutalika kwa oterowo nyama za wina mita. Chinthu chapadera cha njati ndi yowala disproportion pakati bwino anayamba aakulu patsogolo ndi opepuka mbali kumbuyo kwa thupi. Painting ya njati za ku Ulaya ndi homogeneous, chogwidwa ndi woderapo tsitsi, mwina pabuka kulocha, mutu ndi khosi okutidwa ndi ndevu lopotana. Akazi ali ang'onoang'ono. Pa mutu wake ataliatali yaing'ono nyanga lakuthwa, pang'ono akunga inwards kwa wina ndi mnzake. chida Zimenezi zimathandiza pokana zilombo zolusa komanso kuteteza malire.

Njati, ndi chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani, anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa mu zaka 18-19, chifukwa cha ntchito yaikulu kwambiri asayansi anali kupeza pafupifupi 60 mitundu padziko lonse ndipo kudzera njira zosiyanasiyana chitetezo kuyamba kuswana awo. Panopa, pali zikwi ziwiri wa nyama.

Malo waukulu njati za - yowirira wosanganiza nkhalango. N'chifukwa chake kukula mofulumira mbewu kumunda ndiponso kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, komanso chachikulu kusalankhula kusaka nyama wapatali ndi khungu la nyama zimenezi zachititsa kuti kutha kwa mitundu. European njati m'nyengo yozizira amaphatikizidwa mu gulu la nyama zingapo. Mu amaswa m'timagulu masika, kawirikawiri akazi akhalebe ndi ng'ombe ndi mwamuna wamphamvu kukhala moyo wosungulumwa.

Njati Bialowieza kumene amakhala ndi zimene kudya?

Bialowieza njati - mtundu wa nyama padziko lapansi pano. Chinthu chapadera wa mtundu uwu ndi wokulirapo ndipo mtundu yowala ndi grayish-bulauni hue. Dzina la ichi chinali chifukwa njati malo - Bialowieza Forest.

Ndi wotchuka kwa madambo ake lalikulu la nkhalango wamtali ndi predominance a mitengo monga hornbeam, linden, phulusa, thundu ndipo hardwoods ena. Njati chimatsatira chaka ndi chaka m'dera lomwelo limene mtsinje umayenda. Madambo aakulu nyama anapulumuka, monga m'madambo tizilombo ambiri, amene akuyesetsa kuti wozungulira, ngakhale akuyesa kudya nthawi imene iwo sanayambe kudzutsidwa. Iye akubwera ku malo amenewa ndi zaka makamaka youma kumalizidwa kwa malo madzi a thupi, pamene mitsinje pa malire a malo ake adzauma.

nkhondo

Mu chilimwe ndi kugwa kumayambiriro njati yaikazi imayamba chifukwa cha kutentha ndi mwamuna akuyamba chisokonezeko. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nkhondo pa njati si wankhanza. Amuna nkhondo nyanga, ndi ofooka akupita, wopambana Safuna kudzisangalatsa ndi wogonjetsedwa. Choncho, ndewu izi kawirikawiri zimabweretsa anavulala kwambiri. Chikhalidwe cha nkhondo amasintha kwambiri, chikapanda nkhondo wamkazi kuti mwamuna wina, ndipo dera.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphalapala, ndi zina ungulates njati kuwathamangitsa mwaukali makamaka kwa amafa. Mdani chokha cha chimphona ndi nkhandwe paketi, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira nthawi ndi mkulu mlingo wa chisanu pamene gulu kovuta ndipo amafuna mphamvu zambiri. Ngakhale chachikulu ndi chisoni, ndi njati ndi kudya kwambiri, amphamvu, akhoza kulumpha mpaka mamita awiri mu msinkhu.

kubalana

Pambuyo umuna, akazi umabala mwana miyezi 9 kuthetsa wa April ndi May, ndiye kudyetsa chaka mkulu-kalori mkaka 20% mafuta, ndi chaka ali aang'ono. Full msinkhu kukufika zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi wa moyo. Monga ulamuliro, Zubrenok amapezeka kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Pafupifupi twente-seveni njati amakhala - zaka twente eyiti.

Bialowieza njati msipu mu dzinja ndi chirimwe nthawi m'chigulu. Ngakhale wamkulu amuna pamodzi mu magulu ang'ono ndi pafupifupi konse ali yekha kuthengo.

Zima anabwera ...

The njati kudyetsedwa m'nyengo yozizira? Mu frosty zofunika zakudya nthawi chiwerengero cha khungwa ndi nthambi za mitengo broadleaved, thundu, nkhanu, phulusa ndi ena, komanso ndere ndi lichens, zomwe zafala nkhalango losanganikirana. Ambiri a tsiku wopusa njati mu nkhalango, kumwa ndi chakudya wapatsidwa maola 2-3 asanayambe yotuluka ndi kulowa dzuwa, pamene tizilombo onse mtulo. Nthawizina ine kudya masana.

Ndi m'chilimwe ...

The njati amadyetsedwa m'chilimwe? Mu nyengo yotentha zambiri za mowa ndi osiyana udzu yowutsa mudyo ndipo zanthete za mitengo ndi zitsamba kukula mu nkhalango, komanso makungwa a phiri phulusa, Oil ndi Elm, alder, phulusa ndi thundu. makungwa njati zimawononga zochepa. Onse chifukwa anali atatopa kotereku chakudya yozizira.

view wina

Chibelarusi mitundu njati a ku nkhalango m'zigwa, madambo ndi m'nkhalango ya alder, thundu ndipo phulusa. Mwa njira, ichi chiri ndi kudyetsedwa njati. Iwo nalo dzina lake chifukwa cha malo - Chibelarusi ndi Chiyukireniya Polesie. Zikuwoneka wa nyama ndi chimodzimodzi ndi view European. Akuluakulu Chibelarusi amene gawo Chibelarusi miyoyo njati, anaganiza chitsimikizo cha anthu onse a mitundu anapatsidwa.

Malinga ndi asayansi, pafupi anawoloka anthu mitundu kunyamula majini awo ndi kuvutika kakulidwe kutsogolera kutha. Resumption mitundu anayamba ndi chakuti anatha kupeza mitu khumi ochepa, choncho anthu onse - lalikulu banja limodzi. Ntchito yaikulu ya sayansi chongopeka kupewa kudutsa pakati pa anthu osiyana pafupi. Chibelarusi njati kutchulidwa Red Book of Belarus, Russia, Poland ndi mayiko ena a ku Soviet Union, komanso mu Red List wa Union la International kwa Conservation ya Nature.

Mtundu wachitatu

Caucasus njati - mitundu yekha okhala dera la Caucasus mapiri pamalo okwera mamita mazana asanu mpaka chikwi atatu pamwamba pa nyanja. Iwo yodziwika ndi mdima tsitsi lopotana, ndi akalumikidzidwa wachisomo ndi makulidwe. mwamuna masekeli mpaka makilogalamu asanu, kulemera kwa akazi - anayi. subspecies Izi si hybridize ndi aliyense wa mitundu ya njati. Animal kwathunthu mbisoweka chifukwa kusaka kusalankhula ndiponso ntchito asilikali pa malire a malo. Pa nthawi, pali mtundu wa wosakanizidwa a amuna Caucasus ndi mkazi Bialowieza njati, si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera mitundu ndi zinatha.

Pambuyo kutenga njati anali kupita kutali kuti azolowere chilengedwe phiri, kuti ukhale wa kagawo kakang'ono kholo zambiri wakale. Yodula ya nkhalango lowland pa dera la mapiri kwachititsa chakuti mitundu ili pafupi amangokhala, osati zimangoziyendera kufunafuna chete msipu chisanu pang'ono. nyengo koopsa m'madera phiri kunyamula chaka, za 7% ya chiwerengero cha zolinga, mu chisanu makamaka - mpaka 15-20%. The wamkazi chibala limodzi, kawirikawiri pups iwiri zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Akuluakulu pa ng'ombe njati zingasokoneze pa mimbulu ndi adani zotheka. Mu zaka za m'ma twente-poyamba, chiwerengero anafika anthu osati oposa mazana atatu, pang'onopang'ono linadziwika chifooke angathe ubereki ndi zikamera matenda zambiri zokhudza kuchepetsa kuchuluka majini a mitundu.

Zindikirani zofunika

chiwerengero cha mtundu uliwonse njati si upambana anthu zikwi ziwiri, kuti moyo yekha mu bwino otetezedwa nkhokwe chilengedwe zomwe bungwe malo apadera kudyetsa njati amalowerera udzu, udzu, chakudya, mbewu ndi zomera zina m'gulu zakudya zawo. Chiletso kupha nyama ndi kulowa awo Red Book ndi mayiko ena, komanso kuteteza anthu padziko lonse kupereka mwayi kochepa wa kuwonjezeka anthu awo, ndi kuteteza mitundu, koma kukwaniritsa ukulu chomwecho ndi kufalitsa pa gawo lalikulu adzakhala ndi ntchito asayansi kwa zaka zambiri.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa chimene njati. Photos m'nkhani ino kudzakuthandizani mwatsatanetsatane tione chirombo ichi. Komanso, takambirana subspecies nyama nanga amadyetsedwa njati. Nyama, monga momwe mukuonera, kwenikweni adya makungwa a mitengo ndi zomera.