The mawonekedwe, kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa cilengedwe

Mu ankaganizira, pali palibe yankho lomveka ku funso, kumene kumakhudza m'badwo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa cilengedwe, ndipo palibe kugwirizana za miyendo yake. Chifukwa ngati thambo amalire, ndiye izo ziyenera kapena usachite kapena kufotokozera. Zikatero, ngati ali wopandamalire, mfundo zambiri zili zopanda phindu.

Back mu 1744 ndi zakuthambo JF Cheseaux woyamba ankakayikira kuti chilengedwe wopandamalire, chifukwa ngati nyenyezi alibe malire, bwanji yowala kumwamba ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani mdima? Mu 1823, G. Olbes kukangana pamaso pa malire a chilengedwe kotero kuti kuunika kubwera ku dziko lapansi kwa nyenyezi ayenera kukhala ofooka chifukwa mayamwidwe zinthu zimene zili m'njira zawo. Koma mu nkhani iyi yokha, mankhwala ayenera kukhala mkangano kuti kuwala ndipo palibe choipa kwambiri kuposa nyenyezi iliyonse. kopanda iri linatsimikizidwa ndi sayansi yamakono, amene amanena kuti zingalowe m'malo ndi "kanthu" koma pa nthawi yomweyo ali weniweni thupi katundu. Inde, mayamwidwe zingalowe photons mphamvu amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha kwake, chifukwa chakuti zingalowe m'malo zinam'vutitsa sekondale cheza. Chotero ngati kukula kwa cilengedwe ndithu wopandamalire, nyenyezi kuwunika afika malire mtunda ndi amphamvu wofiira kosangalatsa kuti wayamba kuphatikiza ndi maziko (sekondale) cheza kuyamwa.

Koma wina anganene kuti kukula kwa chilengedwe chonse, chomwe zimawonedwa ndi anthu, ndithudi, monga lenilenilo komaliza ndi kuwala kumayendera. Distance 24 Malire a kuwala Gigaparseksa kaja akunja. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti kuwonjezeka mlingo ukuwonjezeka, kumapeto kwa chilengedwe ndi pa mtunda wa biliyoni 93 zaka kuwala.

The chifukwa chofunika kwambiri akatswiri inali mfundo kukula chilengedwe cha. Iwo anali akamagwira ananena redshift, ndiyeno kupeza ziyenera kachulukidwe ndi chilamulo Hubble a. Izi zapangitsa asayansi kunena kuti chiphunzitso Big Bang wapeza chitsimikiziro ake. Malinga NASA, amene akamagwira WMAP, m'badwo wa chilengedwe chonse, kuyambira Big Bang, zaka biliyoni 13.7 wofanana. Komabe, chifukwa zimenezi zimatheka ngati tingayerekezere kuti lachitsanzo, lomwe lili maziko a kuwunika ndi zolondola. Pamene pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina kuwerengera anachokera deta zosiyana.

Okhudza loukitsa Akufa, sitinganene za mawonekedwe ake. Padakali sanapezeke kuti mawonekedwe atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena kuti zingakupatseni zimene zikuimira chifaniziro chake. movutikira Izi zimayambira pa mfundo yakuti mpaka izo Sizikudziwika ngati thambo mosabisa. Mbali yachiwiri chikukhudzana chakuti ndi ena amadziwika za kugwirizana ake angapo. Choncho, ngati kukula kwa cilengedwe spatially njanjira, pa mizere molunjika kwina kulikonse angakhale poyambira.

Monga tikuonera, patsogolo zamakono sizinawakhudze mlingo molondola kuyankha mafunso okhudza zaka, gulu ndi kukula kwa cilengedwe. Kufikira tsopano, mfundo zambiri mu ankaganizira sizinachitike anatsimikizira, koma sizinachitike umboni.